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WorksheetsPR 2 Reviewer
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
What is a population in research?
A list of possible respondents
A small group chosen for study
The entire group from which a sample is taken
Only individuals who agree to participate
What is a sampling frame?
The sample chosen for the study
The total number of respondents
The list of members of the population
The tool used for data gathering
A heterogeneous population refers to a group that is:
Very small
Uniform in characteristics
Varied in characteristics
Difficult to locate
What confidence level is considered acceptable in sampling?
0.01
0.05
0.25
1.00
Which sampling method gives everyone an equal chance?
Purposive
Quota
Simple random sampling
Availability sampling
Choosing every 10th person in a population is an example of:
Cluster sampling
Systematic sampling
Stratified sampling
Snowball sampling
Selecting classes instead of individual students is what sampling method?
Cluster sampling
Voluntary sampling
Snowball sampling
Quota sampling
Which non-probability sampling involves choosing respondents easy to find?
Purposive
Availability
Snowball
Quota
A double-barreled question refers to a question that:
Is too long
Asks two topics but requires one answer
Has no instructions
Uses numerical answers
Which type of survey question allows respondents to answer freely?
Dichotomous
Open-ended
Matrix
Multiple-response
Primary data refers to data that is:
Previously published by others
First-hand and collected for a purpose
Taken from books and websites
Always numerical
Which is an advantage of interviews?
They are inexpensive
They provide more accurate and flexible data
They eliminate the need for questions
They guarantee no bias
Secondary data is usually:
Collected personally by the researcher
Retrieved from existing documents
More expensive to gather
Impossible to analyze
What is the main advantage of secondary data?
It is always perfectly accurate
It requires less time and cost
It contains no bias
It always includes raw datasets
When encoding data, missing values should be:
Corrected immediately with estimates
Ignored completely
Verified and left blank temporarily
Removed from the spreadsheet
Assigning “1” for Yes and “0” for No is done to:
Make the data more confusing
Make encoding easier
Create new questions
Remove unwanted variables
A two-column table includes:
Variables and their frequencies
Graphs and charts
Only numerical data
Sub-groups and clusters
Which graph is best for comparing data?
Pie chart
Histogram or bar graph
Line graph
Scatter diagram
A line graph is used to show:
Comparisons between categories
Distribution of parts of a whole
Performance over time
Relationship between two variables
A frequency table displays:
Only averages
Variables and how often they occur
Only texts
Answers that are open-ended
Pre-testing a survey means:
Giving it only to experts
Administering it to a few people for feedback
Sending it to all respondents
Removing sensitive items
Why should questionnaires be kept short?
To avoid boredom and survey fatigue
To reduce printing cost
To remove all sensitive questions
To hide errors
Sensitive questions should be placed:
At the beginning
In the middle
Randomly
At the end
General questions should be asked first because:
They are the most important
They warm up the respondents
They are sensitive
They take more time to answer
Survey instructions are important because they:
Make the survey longer
Help respondents answer correctly
Remove the need for questions
Are optional
What type of language should be used in surveys?
Complex and technical
Direct and simple
Long and detailed
Emotional
Each survey item must ask:
Two questions
As many topics as possible
Only one question per item
Questions about others
To avoid emotional discomfort, questions should be:
Removed entirely
Reworded gently
Made more direct
Asked first
When constructing survey questions, you should be specific about:
Who wrote the survey
When, where, and how
The respondent's background
The research budget
Respondents give more accurate answers when questions focus on:
The behavior of others
Themselves
Their friends
Hypothetical situations
Statistics deals with the acquisition, organization, study, analysis, display, and interpretation of _____.
Opinions
Theories
Data
Hypotheses
Which type of statistics allows researchers to draw conclusions about a population based on a sample?
Descriptive statistics
Inferential statistics
Experimental statistics
Predictive statistics
The goal of descriptive statistics is to _____.
Test hypotheses
Summarize and describe data
Manipulate variables
Reject null hypotheses
Which measure of central tendency is calculated using the formula x̄ = Σxi / n?
Median
Variance
Mode
Mean
What does the symbol n represent in the mean formula?
Total sum
Number of items in the sample
Frequency
Middle value
To compute the median, the data must first be _____.
Subtracted
Arranged in descending order
Arranged in ascending order
Averaged
In a data set with an odd number of values, the median is _____.
The mean of the two middle numbers
The first number
The middle number
The most frequent number
In a data set with an even number of values, the median is _____.
Always the last value
The mean of the two middle numbers
The most common number
The largest number
A data set with one mode is called _____.
Bimodal
Trimodal
Unimodal
Nonmodal
Which of the following data sets is bimodal?
1, 2, 3, 4
1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4
1, 2, 3, 3, 3
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Which measure of central tendency identifies the most frequent value in the data?
Mean
Median
Mode
Range
A set of numbers has no mode when _____.
Two values repeat
Three values repeat
No number repeats
All numbers are equal
Descriptive statistics is important because it _____.
Tests the significance of variables
Reduces large data into understandable form
Proves hypotheses immediately
Predicts future outcomes
The purpose of ANOVA is to determine whether _____.
Data is arranged correctly
The sample size is large enough
The results of an experiment are significant
The mean is equal to the median
A one-way ANOVA has _____.
One independent variable with two or more levels
Two independent variables with one level
No independent variables
Unlimited independent variables
A two-way ANOVA has _____.
One independent variable
Two independent variables
No variables
Only dependent variables
One example of a one-way ANOVA is testing _____.
Brand of energy drink
Brand and flavor of energy drink
Age and gender
Two dependent variables
The symbol Σ in the mean formula tells us to _____.
Divide
Subtract
Add up
Multiply
A data set can be multimodal if it has _____.
More than one mode
Only one repeated value
Only three values
Numbers arranged alphabetically
In the example with the data set containing several numbers, the mode was identified as 56 because _____.
It is the smallest value
It is the average
It appears the most frequently
It is the last number in the list
