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Final Exam #1

Total questions: 35

Worksheet time: 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Who developed the Gram staining procedure?

a)

Robert Koch

b)

Hans Christian Gram

c)

Carl Woese

d)

Alexander Fleming

2.

In Gram staining, Gram-positive bacteria turn what color?

a)

Pink

b)

Red

c)

Purple

d)

Colorless

3.

What color are Gram-negative bacteria after staining?

a)

Purple

b)

Pink/red

c)

Blue

d)

Green

4.

Why is distinguishing Gram types clinically important?

a)

It determines how fast bacteria grow

b)

It determines which antibiotic is effective

c)

It determines the shape of the bacterium

d)

It identifies whether the bacterium is motile

5.

Spherical bacteria are called:

a)

Bacilli

b)

Vibrios

c)

Cocci

d)

Spirilla

6.

Rod-shaped bacteria are known as:

a)

Spirilla

b)

Bacilli

c)

Cocci

d)

Tetrads

7.

Bacteria arranged in clusters are described as:

a)

Strepto-

b)

Diplo-

c)

Staphylo-

d)

Tetra-

8.

A chain arrangement of bacterial cells is called:

a)

Staphylo-

b)

Strepto-

c)

Diplo-

d)

Mono-

9.

Bacterial pairs are referred to as:

a)

Tetra

b)

Staphylo

c)

Strepto

d)

Diplo

10.

Which type of bacterium cannot survive in oxygen?

a)

Obligate aerobe

b)

Facultative anaerobe

c)

Obligate anaerobe

d)

Aerotolerant anaerobe

11.

Which type REQUIRES oxygen to survive?

a)

Obligate anaerobe

b)

Obligate aerobe

c)

Facultative anaerobe

d)

Microaerophile

12.

Which type of bacterium prefers oxygen but can grow without it?

a)

Obligate anaerobe

b)

Obligate aerobe

c)

Facultative anaerobe

d)

Strict aerobe

13.

Obligate aerobes contain enzymes such as catalase that:

a)

Produce oxygen

b)

Break down toxic oxygen byproducts

c)

Remove nitrogen

d)

Create ATP without oxygen

14.

Bacteria reproduce by a process called:

a)

Meiosis

b)

Mitosis

c)

Binary fission

d)

Budding

15.

Binary fission results in:

a)

High genetic variability

b)

Rapid reproduction with no genetic variation

c)

Slow reproduction

d)

Genetic recombination every cycle

16.

Conjugation involves the transfer of DNA using a:

a)

Flagellum

b)

Pilus

c)

Cilium

d)

Spore

17.

Transduction is the transfer of DNA via a:

a)

Pilus

b)

Plasmid

c)

Bacteriophage

d)

Ribosome

18.

Transformation occurs when bacteria:

a)

Absorb DNA from the environment

b)

Transfer DNA through a pilus

c)

Are infected by viruses

d)

Mutate spontaneously

19.

A fomite is:

a)

A living vector

b)

An inanimate object that spreads pathogens

c)

A bacterial spore

d)

A type of protist

20.

Staphylococcus aureus commonly causes:

a)

Tuberculosis

b)

Lyme disease

c)

Plague

d)

Skin infections such as boils

21.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes:

a)

Chagas disease

b)

Tuberculosis

c)

Plague

d)

Sleeping sickness

22.

Lyme disease is caused by:

a)

Yersinia pestis

b)

Borrelia burgdorferi

c)

Staphylococcus aureus

d)

Mycobacterium leprae

23.

Plague is caused by:

a)

Trypanosoma cruzi

b)

Naegleria fowleri

c)

Yersinia pestis

d)

Plasmodium falciparum

24.

The function of the capsule is:

a)

ATP production

b)

Enhancing virulence and preventing phagocytosis

c)

DNA replication

d)

Movement

25.

What is an endospore?

a)

A reproductive cell

b)

A dormant, highly resistant bacterial structure

c)

A protein toxin

d)

A digestive enzyme

26.

Biofilms are:

a)

Individual bacteria in isolation

b)

Communities of microbes embedded in a polysaccharide-protein matrix

c)

Viruses infecting bacteria

d)

Dead cells used for reproduction

27.

Extremophiles live in:

a)

Only warm environments

b)

Only freshwater

c)

Harsh environments such as heat, cold, chemicals

d)

Host tissues only

28.

Taq polymerase is used in PCR because it:

a)

Is easily destroyed by heat

b)

Is a toxin

c)

Is heat-stable

d)

Copies RNA only

29.

Bacterial cell walls are made of:

a)

Cellulose

b)

Chitin

c)

Peptidoglycan

d)

Starch

30.

Archaeal cell walls contain:

a)

Peptidoglycan

b)

Pseudopeptidoglycan or S-layers

c)

Cellulose

d)

Chitin

31.

Archaeal membranes may be:

a)

Lipid bilayers only

b)

Lipid monolayers only

c)

Either lipid bilayers or monolayers

d)

Not made of lipids

32.

Archaea share more genetic similarity with:

a)

Bacteria

b)

Eukarya

c)

Viruses

d)

Fungi

33.

Protists are:

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Without nuclei

c)

Eukaryotic

d)

Always multicellular

34.

Most protists are:

a)

Multicellular

b)

Unicellular

c)

Viruses

d)

Anaerobic bacteria

35.

Amoeboid movement relies on which proteins?

a)

Keratin and elastin

b)

Actin and myosin

c)

Collagen and actin

d)

Tubulin and dynein

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