WorksheetsUnit 3 Study Guide - Cellular Structures & Functions
Total questions: 19
Worksheet time: 10mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Is this cell eukaryotic or prokaryotic? Explain why.
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic
c)
Neither
d)
Both
2.
What are the 3 principles of the cell theory?
a)
All organisms are made of cells; Cells are basic units; Cells come from existing cells
b)
Cells can appear randomly; Only animals have cells; Cells don’t divide
c)
Cells are only for plants; Cells don’t reproduce; Cells are all identical
d)
Cells have no structure; Cells are imaginary; Cells only hold DNA
3.
Name 2 structures common to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
a)
DNA & cell membrane
b)
Nucleus & lysosome
c)
Chloroplast & mitochondria
d)
Golgi & ER
4.
Identify structures #1 and #2 and give their functions.
a)
Nucleolus—makes ribosomes; Nucleus—stores DNA
b)
Ribosome—makes ATP; Lysosome—stores DNA
c)
Golgi—makes proteins; ER—packages waste
d)
Chloroplast—stores water; Vacuole—makes proteins
5.
Identify structures #1 and #2 and state their functions.
a)
Golgi—packages proteins; Mitochondria—makes ATP
b)
Ribosome—stores DNA; Vacuole—breaks nutrients
c)
Cell wall—moves waste; Chloroplast—stores proteins
d)
ER—stores water; Cytoskeleton—makes glucose
6.
List 3 differences between plant and animal cells.
a)
Plant: chloroplast, cell wall, big vacuole
b)
Animal: chloroplast, cell wall, big vacuole
c)
Both are identical
d)
Plants move freely; animals photosynthesize; plants have lysosomes
7.
Name 3 organelles used to make and transport proteins.
a)
Ribosomes, Rough ER, Golgi
b)
Chloroplast, Vacuole, Lysosome
c)
Cytoplasm, Vacuole, Cell Wall
d)
Mitochondria, Chloroplast, Smooth ER
8.
How do vacuoles differ from lysosomes in function?
a)
Vacuoles store; lysosomes break down
b)
Both store only
c)
Lysosomes store; vacuoles break down
d)
Both break down only
9.
What are 3 functions of the cytoskeleton?
a)
Shape; movement; organelle transport
b)
Photosynthesis; protein making; DNA storage
c)
Food breakdown; water storage; digestion
d)
ATP making; lipid building; waste filtering
10.
Why is the membrane selectively permeable? Example?
a)
Allows some things in/out; like a screen door
b)
Allows everything; like an open window
c)
Blocks everything; like a wall
d)
Randomly opens; like a dice roll
11.
What 4 molecules make up the cell membrane?
a)
Proteins, phospholipids, carbs, cholesterol
b)
Glucose, DNA, RNA, ATP
c)
Proteins, cellulose, starch, enzymes
d)
Lipids, nucleic acids, RNA, ATP
12.
Use hydrophobic/hydrophilic to explain phospholipid alignment.
a)
Heads face water, tails avoid water
b)
Tails face water, heads avoid water
c)
Both heads & tails love water
d)
Both avoid water
13.
Give 3 examples of passive transport.
a)
Diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion
b)
Endocytosis, exocytosis, pumping
c)
Active pumping, engulfing, vesicle fusion
d)
Protein synthesis, breakdown, packaging
14.
What type of solution surrounds this PLANT cell? How do you know?
a)
Hypotonic; water moves into cell
b)
Hypertonic; water leaves cell
c)
Isotonic; nothing changes
d)
Nuclear; DNA moves outward
15.
Give 3 examples of when a cell uses active transport.
a)
Endocytosis, exocytosis, pumping
b)
Diffusion, osmosis, spreading
c)
Surface tension, vibration, pressure
d)
Protein coding, DNA replication, photosynthesis
16.
Put these in order smallest→largest: cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
a)
Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System → Organism
b)
Organ → Tissue → Cell → System → Organism
c)
Tissue → Organ → Cell → Organism → System
d)
Organism → Organ System → Organ → Tissue → Cell
17.
What is homeostasis & how does the membrane maintain it?
a)
Stable internal environment; controls what enters/exits
b)
Breaks food for energy; vacuole helps only
c)
Destroys pathogens; uses lysosomes
d)
Creates glucose; uses nucleus only
18.
Name 2 ways cells cooperate.
a)
Plant plasmodesmata; animal junctions
b)
Both do photosynthesis together
c)
They merge permanently
d)
Cells do not cooperate
19.
Compare cells and viruses.
a)
Cells have organelles & self-reproduce; viruses need host
b)
Viruses have organelles; cells don’t
c)
Cells lack DNA; viruses have none
d)
Both can reproduce independently
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