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Cellular Reproduction and Genetic Variation

Total questions: 42

Worksheet time: 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes and event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?

a)

A. two stages of cell division

b)

B. replication of cellular genetic material

c)

C. daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell

d)

D. four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell

2.

How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?

a)

A. sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parent

b)

B. asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parent

c)

C. mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproduction

d)

D. asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms

3.

Which type of reproduction leads to increased genetic variation on a population?

a)

A. Parthenogenesis

b)

B. asexual reproduction

c)

C. Sexual reproduction

d)

D. Vegetative reproduction

4.

Which of the following phrases best describes cancer?

a)

A. absence of cyclins in the DNA

b)

B. multiple gene mutations on a chromosome of DNA

c)

C. uncontrolled cell growth caused by mutations in genes that control the cell cycle

d)

D. presence of genetic defects caused by hereditary disorders

5.

Which of the following phases of mitosis is represented by the diagram below?

a)

A. prophase

b)

B. metaphase

c)

C. anaphase

d)

D. telophase

6.

A scientist wants to change the DNA of a sexually reproducing organism and have the new DNA present in every cell of the organism. In order to do this after fertilization, she would change the DNA in which of the following?

a)

A. zygote

b)

B. placenta

c)

C. testes of the father

d)

D. ovaries of the mother

7.

The diagram below shows a cellular process that occurs in organisms. What is the name of this process?

a)

A. meiosis

b)

B. mitosis

c)

C. endocytosis

d)

D. phagocytosis

8.

The diagram below shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?

a)

A. mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered

b)

B. segregation of sister chromatids

c)

C. condensation and segregation of alleles

d)

D. crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged

9.

Which of the following best describes meiosis?

a)

A. It is carried out in all tissues that require cell replacement.

b)

B. It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of organisms. 

c)

C. It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord.

d)

D. It is the first stage of mitosis.

10.

Plant 2 is produced asexually from Plant 1. If the leaf cells of Plant 1 have 56 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the leaf cells of Plant 2?

a)

A. 14

b)

B. 28

c)

C. 56

d)

D. 112

11.
The stages of mitosis in order
a)
Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase
b)
Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase
c)
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
d)
Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase
12.
During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
S phase
13.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Prophase
d)
Telophase
14.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
15.
What phase is this cell in?
a)
Mitosis
b)
Interphase
c)
Prophase
d)
Telophase
16.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
17.
Structure (a) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
18.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
19.
What types of cells are found only in organisms that reproduce sexually?
a)
blood cells 
b)
neurons 
c)
skin cells 
d)
gametes 
20.
If the message never gets through for a cell to stop dividing and it just keeps dividing over and over again, what can form?
a)
tumor
b)
freckle
c)
goosebump
d)
scab
21.
After meiosis is complete, the new cells:
a)
are all identical
b)
are all different
c)
are half identical and half different
d)
are all stretched out
22.
Domestic cats have 38 chromosomes in their skin cells. How many chromosomes are in the gamete of a domestic cat?
a)
76
b)
38
c)
19
d)
9
23.
The diagram below shows homologous chromosome during phase 1 of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated? 
a)
Mutation in which DNA content of the genes is altered. 
b)
segregation of sister chromatids
c)
condensation and segregation of alleles
d)
crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged
24.

Cells spend most of their lives in which phase?

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Telophase

d)

Metaphase

25.

What is a difference between mitosis and meiosis? Mark ALL that apply!

a)

Mitosis occurs in the cytoplasm and Meiosis occurs in the nucleus.

b)

Mitosis results in diploid (2n) daughter cells and Meiosis results in haploid (n) daughter cells.

c)

Mitosis results in 2 daughter cells and Meiosis results in 4 daughter cells.

d)

Mitosis makes somatic (body) cells and Meiosis makes gametes (egg and sperm cells).

26.

Tumors (that lead to cancer) can be __________ and ___________

a)

blue and maroon

b)

good, bad

c)

bred, mast

d)

benign, malignant

27.

Which of the cells depicted in the line graph are most likely cancerous.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

28.

The typical (main) growth period of a cell occurs during which stage of the cell cycle?

a)

Gap 1

b)

Gap 2

c)

synthesis

d)

mitosis

29.

What is the correct order of the Cell Cycle

a)

Mitosis, Interphase, Cytokinesis

b)

Interphase, Cytokinesis, Mitosis

c)

Interphase (G1, S, G2), Mitosis, Cytokinesis

d)

Cells don't go through a cycle are you crazy!!!

30.

Which cancer mutation is similar to the brakes of a car

a)

Tumor Suppressor genes

b)

Proto-oncogenes

31.

Which Cancer mutation would be similar to the gas pedal of a car causing the cell cycle to constantly be running

a)

Proto-oncogenes

b)

Tumor Suppressor genes

32.
What phase is shown in the diagram?
a)
anaphase I
b)
anaphase II
c)
metaphase I
d)
metaphase II
33.
What phase of meiosis is shown?
a)
metaphase I
b)
metaphase II
c)
prophase I
d)
prophase II
34.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
35.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
autosomal
c)
homologous
d)
genes
36.
Why do we need meiosis?
a)
To double the number of chromosomes going into sex cells so that offspring have double the number of chromosomes as parent.
b)
To halve the number of chromosomes going into sex cells so that offspring have the same number of chromosomes as the parent.
c)
To triple the number of chromosomes going into sex cells, so that offspring have triple the number of chromosomes as parent.
d)
To not change the number of chromosomes going into sex cells, so that offspring have the same number of chromosomes as a parent's gamete.
37.
What phase is shown in the diagram?
a)
Metaphase I
b)
Metaphase II
c)
Prophase I
d)
Anaphase II
38.

Meiosis results in ______.

a)

4 genetically unique haploid gametes

b)

4 genetically unique diploid cells

c)

2 genetically identical cells

d)

4 genetically identical cells

39.
When homologous chromosomes match up, they form a structure call a ___________.
a)
tetrad
b)
triad
c)
diploid
d)
gamete
40.

Two processes that increase genetic variation during meiosis are crossing over and _____

a)

Synapsis

b)

Tetrad

c)

Independent assortment

d)

Gameiosis

41.

The organelle located within centrosome region of animal cells; aids in spindle fiber formation

a)

Chromatid

b)

Centriole

c)

Centromere

d)

Centrosome

42.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.

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