Which ideology emphasizes loyalty and devotion to the nation-state, surpassing any individual or group interests?

Who were referred to as the Ilustrados?

Which European historical event inspired Filipino Ilustrados to question Spanish authority?

What was the main consequence of Spain’s political instability in the 19th century?

Which Spanish governor-general was admired by Filipinos for abolishing espionage and promoting freedom of speech?

The movement for secularization in the Philippines was first led by which Filipino priest?

The opening of which waterway in 1869 shortened travel time between Europe and Asia and increased trade in the Philippines?

Which three priests, collectively known as GomBurZa, were executed in 1872 after the Cavite Mutiny?

Which sector of society rose during the 19th century and greatly influenced Filipino nationalism?

Which group of Filipinos in Europe led the Propaganda Movement?

What was the main goal of the Propaganda Movement?

Who is considered the greatest reformist and author of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo?

Which newspaper, founded in 1889, exposed the true condition of the Philippines under Spanish rule?

Which civic society, founded by Rizal in 1892, aimed to unify Filipinos for mutual protection and reform?

The Galleon Trade between the Philippines and Mexico lasted from 1565 to 1815.

The Propaganda Movement demanded independence from Spain through armed revolution.

José Rizal dedicated El Filibusterismo to the memory of GomBurZa.

Marcelo H. del Pilar was known as the “Father of the Philippine Revolution.”

The Cry of Pugad Lawin in 1896 signaled the start of the Philippine Revolution.

The Philippines was under Spanish rule for more than three centuries.

The Suez Canal was opened in 1869 and shortened travel from Europe to Asia.

The middle class in the Philippines had the least influence on the rise of nationalism.

The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was exaggerated by Spanish authorities to silence nationalist voices.

GomBurZa refers to Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora, three priests executed in 1872.

What was the oldest existing university in Asia, founded by the Spaniards in 1611?

Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence on June 12, 1898, in Kawit, Cavite

The Treaty of Paris (1898) ended the Spanish–American War and granted the Philippines independence.

The Schurman Commission recommended the establishment of a civilian government and a free public school

system.

Basketball and baseball were introduced to the Philippines during the American period.

The Jones Law of 1916 provided for a ten-year transition period toward Philippine independence.

Which event triggered the U.S. to declare war on Spain in 1898?

Who served as the first American Military Governor of the Philippines?

Which law promised eventual Philippine independence once a stable government was achieved?

The “Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation” was issued by U.S. President:

Philippine independence was finally proclaimed under the Tydings–McDuffie Act on:

World War II in Europe began when Nazi Germany invaded Poland in 1939

Japan bombed Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, leading to direct U.S. involvement in WWII

General Douglas MacArthur surrendered to the Japanese in Bataan on April 9, 1942. (

The Bataan Death March was approximately 102 kilometers long.

The KALIBAPI was the only legal political party during the Japanese occupation.

Jose P. Laurel served as president of the Japanese-sponsored Second Philippine Republic.

The HUKBALAHAP was a guerrilla group that supported Japan during the occupation.

Which battle’s fall on April 9, 1942, marked a major defeat for Filipino and American troops?

What was the Japanese-issued currency during the occupation that later became worthless?

Which resistance group, composed mostly of farmers, waged guerrilla warfare against the Japanese?

Who became the first president of the independent Third Republic of the Philippines in 1946?

During most of Spanish rule, the colony mainly traded with Mexico

Why opening of the Suez Canal important to the Philippines?

What is not an advantage of opening up of Suez Canal?

Ilustrados were composed of what Filipino groups?

Filipino priests were given the chance to lead parishes during the Spanish period, which led to secularization movement

Though the Cavite Mutiny was small, Spanish authorities exaggerated it to make it look like a major conspiracy to overthrow the government

Filipino nationalism took the following two different paths during Spanish period:

What did the Katipuneros teared to declare their rejection of Spanish rule?

What convention elected Emilio Aguinaldo as president of new revolutionary government, which angered Bonifacio

What native materials of simple, functional clothing Filipinos wore before Spanish colonization

What is the most lasting influence of Spanish in the Philippines

The Cry of Pugadlawin is sometimes also called Cry of Balintawak

Editor of La Solidaridad

Founder of La Solidaridad

One of the leaders of Propaganda movement was Marino Ponce who is also a historian

What year did the Spaniards began colonizing the Philippines

What date was Biak-na-Bato republic established by Aguinaldo, as an attempt to form the first independent Filipino government

The bahay na bato is considered as a model for rich Filipino families during American Colonial period

During Spanish period, education was mostly reserved for wealthy and middle class only

Poetic debate often perform during wakes

Identify the whole meaning of KKK during Spanish Colonization of Philippines

Who first introduced dairy products and preserved meats

Series of dawn masses before Christmas

Noche Buena is the feast before New Year

What tradition introduced by Spanish to the philippines is celebrated to honor the patron saints yearly

Siesta is also known as an afternoon rest which became part of Filipino Daily life, introduced by the Spanish

The American Colonial Period was during these years

Who encouraged Aguinaldo to return to the Philippines in 1898 from his exile in Hongkong

The Treaty of Paris ended the war where Spain ceded the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rica to the states. In return US paid Spain what amount?

What event happened that mark the begining of Philippine-American war

The year Aguinaldo was finally captured during American Colonization

How many years of transition period under the Tydings-McDuffie act before the Philippines gain full independence?

Terno with butterfly sleeves and pañuelo was influenced by

Free public school system was established by

Protestant missionaries arrived during American period which gave Filipinos the right to freely choose religion

The Japanese Emperor who is a key figure during aggresive Japanese occupations during World War 2

Americans introduced the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Who is the president of Philippine commonwealth government

Hours after the Pearl Harbor was attacked, ___ was attacked in Pampanga on December 8, 1941

To prevent further casualties, MacArthur declared Manila as an "open city" during attack of Japanese

The command Douglas MacArthur left, "I shall Return" was given to General ___

Approximately how many Filipinos died during Bataan Death March

year of Japanese Occupation

KALIBAPI, established during Japanese occupation in the Philippines, stands for

A new constitution created last 1943 was the Second Philippine Republic. Who is the president of this government also know as "puppet state" controlled by Japan?

General MacArthur returned in Leyte gulf on this date

Date MacArthur declared the Philippines free from Japanese occupation

In Asia, World War 2 ended after the US dropped two atomic bombs in Nagasaki and Hiroshima

In 1945, the Philippine Commonwealth government was restored under President ___

Who was elected as the last Commonwealth president of the Philippines?

The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was exaggerated by Spanish authorities to silence nationalist voices.