WorksheetsCritical Thinking Vocabulary Quiz (with Answers)
Total questions: 18
Worksheet time: 9mins
Which option best defines a premise in an argument?
The main point an argument tries to prove
A universal rule that applies in all cases
Evidence ignored because it contradicts belief
A reason offered to support a conclusion
What is the conclusion of an argument?
A counterexample to the claim
Background information only
A reason that supports another claim
The claim supported by reasons
Which describes a representative sample?
A sample that exaggerates extreme viewpoints
A sample where all responses are identical
A sample chosen for convenience and speed
A sample that accurately reflects the population
A biased sample is best described as
A sample that does not represent the population fairly
A sample larger than needed for analysis
A sample collected with random procedures only
A sample with precisely equal subgroup sizes
Margin of error in polling refers to
How long the survey was administered
How many options the survey included
How much poll results might be off
How many people refused to respond
Which is a strong analogy?
Two cases share important and relevant similarities
Two cases have no similarities whatsoever
Two cases seem alike only at a surface level
Two cases share many trivial and decorative features
Which best characterizes a weak analogy?
Similarities that are irrelevant to the conclusion
Similarities that are central and probative
Similarities supported by rigorous statistics
Similarities drawn from representative samples
A closed system of thought is one where
Beliefs are updated by public peer review
Only some evidence is considered for convenience
No possible evidence can ever count against the belief
All evidence is weighed with equal priority
What makes an argument self-sealing?
Any counterevidence is reinterpreted as support
It contains more premises than necessary
It relies on sample sizes that are too small
It uses ambiguous terms without definition
Selective evidence involves
Using only evidence that supports your belief
Collecting evidence from every available source
Ignoring anecdotes in favor of controlled trials
Reporting all data including negative results
Testability means an explanation has
A way to check or verify it
Appeal to tradition and custom
Endorsement from expert authorities
The most technical terminology
Which theory prefers the fewest assumptions?
Conservatism
Simplicity
Utilitarianism
Scope
Scope in evaluating explanations means
It predicts only one case
It uses the fewest terms
It fits with prior beliefs
It explains the most facts
Conservatism as a theoretical virtue means
It favors moral tradition over progress
It resists any change in institutions
It fits with what we already know
It keeps government spending low
Which is a moral statement?
A claim about weather conditions tomorrow
A claim about market price movements
A claim about right or wrong or good or bad
A claim reporting the color of an object
Which is a nonmoral statement?
A claim praising selfless generosity
A claim declaring an action immoral
A claim condemning deceitful behavior
A factual claim with no moral judgment
Which options align with utilitarianism? Select all that apply.
Right action is chosen by tradition alone
Right action follows universal rules regardless
Right action promotes the greatest good overall
Right action maximizes benefits for most people
Kantian ethics holds that the right action
Follows universal rules and respects people
Depends entirely on cultural preferences
Produces the fewest assumptions possible
Maximizes overall happiness for most people
