Often referred to as the "brain of the computer," this component carries out most of the processing tasks. Which is it?

Janira, a retailer, buys a pack of 25 candies for ₱37.50. If she sells each candy for ₱2.25, how much profit does she make?

Let us support the total ban _____ of animal skin for fashion.

“Matalino at magaling naman siya, subalit hindi na niya tinatapos ang kanyang mga dapat gawin.” Ang salitang subalit ay isang:

Scurvy is a condition caused by a long-term lack of vitamin C. To prevent it, which food source should be part of a healthy diet?

In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths form the foundation of spiritual discipline. What is stated in the First Noble Truth?

The essay "Civil Disobedience" presents an argument for citizens to resist an unjust state. Who authored this influential work?

In the early 20th century, widespread discontent over poverty and autocratic rule led to a revolution that overthrew the czarist monarchy and gave rise to the world's first communist state. This event is known as the _____.

Water moves above, over, and below the Earth's surface in a continuous natural cycle. Which sequence correctly shows the main processes involved in the water cycle?

1) Surface Runoff

2) Condensation

3) Precipitation

4) Evaporation

5) Collection

6) Infiltration

For individuals looking to lighten skin hyperpigmentation, which of the following acids is commonly used to help reduce dark spots?

The students showed enthusiasm for the activity, they look _____

Sa panahon ng Kilusang Propaganda, si Mariano Ponce ay kilalang propagandistang may sagisag panulat na _____.

In the digestive process, chymotrypsin helps break down proteins into amino acids. Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates such as starch into simpler sugars?

In many indigenous communities, people rely on natural resources for daily survival. Which of the following is most associated with subsistence rather than commercial purposes?

An office manager plans to carpet a rectangular executive room that measures 3 meters by 4 meters. If the carpet costs ₱1,000 per square meter, how much will the total carpeting expense be?

Earth's atmosphere is composed of several gases. Among these, which gas makes up the largest proportion of the air we breathe?

Ivy responded to his mother's demand _____ throwing a tantrum.

After decades of colonial rule, the Philippines finally gained full sovereignty through an event formally recognized by another nation. Which historical event marked this milestone?

In a democratic government, the principle of checks and balances ensures that no branch becomes too powerful. Which of the following is an example of a legislative check on the judiciary?

Known for his adventurous tales of heroism, bravery, and loyalty, Alexandre Dumas wrote several classic novels that have stood the test of time. Which of the following was not written by him?

A sculptor carefully chips away at a block of marble to create a statue. Which of the following sculpture techniques involves removing material to reveal the final form?

Known for preserving the intricate mat-weaving tradition of the Sama people, which National Living Treasure was honored with the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) award in 2004?

When a piece of aluminum is placed near a strong magnet, it shows a very slight attraction but does not retain magnetism once the field is removed. What type of magnetic material is aluminum?

John Watson believed that learning should be based on observable behavior rather than feelings or emotions. His educational philosophy is best described as that of an(a) _____.

When a beam of white light passes through a glass prism, it separates into a spectrum of colors similar to what we see in a rainbow. In the field of optics, this phenomenon is known as?

The Philippines is often described as an archipelago because it consists of thousands of islands surrounded by vast bodies of water. Other nations in Southeast Asia share similar geographic features. Which of the following countries is also an archipelago?

Julie works as a saleslady earning a 6% commission based on her weekly sales. For one week, she sold items totaling ₱27,000. How much commission did she receive for that week?

Saint Maximilian Kolbe's act of self-sacrifice, where he voluntarily offered his life to save another prisoner from execution, aligns with which of Emile Durkheim's classifications of suicide?

Set in pre-World War II Intramuros, Portrait of the Artist as Filipino explores themes of identity, family, and art. This celebrated play, later adapted into film, is considered one of the greatest works in Philippine literature. Who wrote it?

The X-ray diffraction data that led to the discovery of DNA's double-helix structure was primarily produced by _____.

Mountains are often associated with volcanic activity, but not all mountains are volcanoes. Which of the following is not a volcano?

Sa isang awit ng pag-ibig, isinulat ang linyang: "Hindi ko kayang mabuhay nang wala ka!" Anong uri ng tayutay ang ginamit dito?

"This old bracelet may seem worthless to you, but it is important to me—it was my mother's." The underlined word means _____.

Which of the following countries has archery as its national sport?

In many communities, promoting respect for human rights is a shared responsibility. Which of the following situations best illustrates a violation of a person's basic human rights?

When a pencil, a spoon, or a straw appears bent when placed in a glass of water, which behavior of light is being demonstrated?

Responsible journalism plays a key role in a democratic society. Which of the following best explains its importance?

In understanding human motivation, which psychologist proposed the hierarchy of needs explaining that people must satisfy basic needs before pursuing higher ones?

Before preparing her lesson plan, Teacher Primrose reviews Bloom's Taxonomy to ensure her activities progress toward higher-order thinking skills. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of these cognitive levels?

1) Understanding

2) Remembering

3) Evaluating

4) Analyzing

5) Applying

6) Creating

Sa pag-aaral ng pinagmulan ng wika, may teoryang nagsasabing nagsimula ito sa ang panggagaya ng tao sa mga likas na tunog ng kalikasan, tulad ng tahol ng aso o huni ng ibon. Anong teorya ito?

When a person develops flat, discolored spots on the skin that do not involve any elevation or fluid, what type of skin lesion is this most likely to be?

The human body contains several vital organs that perform crucial functions. Which of the following is the largest internal organ?

On a farm, a shepherd carefully tends to newborn animals, each with its own name depending on the species. What is a young sheep called?

Kung darating _____ Amir at Omar ay pakisabing nauna na ako.

Plants rely on their roots for various essential functions. Which of the following is not a function of roots?

Stars differ in color, which corresponds to their surface temperature. Astronomers classify them accordingly. Which sequence correctly ranks star colors from coolest to hottest?

Many mothers, like Reiko, often soak meat in fresh pineapple juice before cooking. What is the main reason for doing this?

Several major companies, such as Globe, Smart, PLDT, and DITO dominate the telecommunications industry in the country, limiting competition. Which market structure does this represent?

During a controlled descent from a pull-up, Zahir's arm muscles remain under tension as they slowly lengthen. What type of muscle contraction is demonstrated?

Keaven stayed up late reviewing all the topics in the syllabus before the examination. His teacher commented, "You've really been burning the midnight oil!" What does this expression mean?

During a class discussion on civic participation, Teacher Kaeden asked what makes democracy unique among other systems of government. Which statement best describes democracy?

Despite the government's efforts to provide affordable housing, many relocation projects have not succeeded. The housing program has failed over the years because _____.

Ethical guidelines protect participants in taking part in research, but some concerns focus more on study design. Which of the following is primarily a methodological concern?

During an English writing activity, students were asked to choose the sentence that uses a preposition correctly. Which of the following shows the correct usage?

José Rizal, the Philippine national hero, was known not only for his novels but also for his essays that addressed socio-political issues of his time. Which of the following is not one of his essays?

Meningitis is a serious infection that causes inflammation of the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Which organ system does this disease primarily affect?

In medical settings, maintaining fluid balance is crucial for organ function. A deficiency in body fluid can lead to serious health complications. Which condition refers to an abnormally low volume of fluid in the body?

During a physical education class, Nina struggled to coordinate her movements while catching and throwing a ball, even though she understood the instructions clearly. What condition might best explain this difficulty?

After eating a meal high in carbohydrates, Brielle's body releases a hormone that helps regulate his blood sugar level. Which organ produces this hormone?

Crystal Sugar Corp. is the only company authorized to produce and distribute sugar nationwide, leaving no room for competitors. Which term best describes this market structure?

Among the people who inspired José Rizal during his youth in Calamba was the town's parish priest, known for his prudence. Who was this priest who was also a friend of the Rizal family?

A species of fish lived in a lake, but after a dam was constructed, some fish were isolated in a new pond. Over time, they developed different characteristics and became a distinct species. What type of speciation does this scenario describe?

In the late 18th century, a struggle for independence arose between a group of colonies and their distant imperial ruler, eventually leading to the establishment of a new democratic republic. This historic event is known as the _____.

The human digestive system follows a specific sequence of processing food. What is the correct order of these processes?

1) Elimination

2) Absorption

3) Digestion

4) Ingestion

Literature uses various forms to commemorate the deceased. Which literary term is used specifically for the brief written inscription found etched onto a grave marker?

In phonetics, a vowel is defined as a speech sound produced by the open passage of air through the vocal tract, without any significant obstruction. Which word has a different vowel sound?

During a job interview, Jamel mentioned that he was 25 years old in 2026. Based on this information, in what year was he born?

A tour van consumes 4 liters of fuel for every 30 kilometers traveled. How much fuel is needed for a 210-kilometer trip?

During an art activity, Isabeau is drawing traffic signs of different shapes. She notices that a stop sign has eight sides, making it an octagon. How many sides does an octagon have?

Pressure is inversely proportional to the area of contact when the amount of force applied remains constant (P = F/A). In which of the following situations is the greatest pressure demonstrated?

Everything we see has color because of the light it bounces back at our eyes. Leaves have a special green substance (chlorophyll) that helps them make food. How does this critical green pigment cause the leaves to appear green when exposed to sunlight?

In geometry, platonic solids are symmetrical 3D shapes with identical faces, edges, and angles. One of these has exactly four triangular faces, four vertices, and six edges. Which platonic solid fits this description?

The Industrial Revolution fundamentally changed how goods were made, shifting power to the owners of large factories. Which economic system became the main global force during this time?

Since antibiotics only work against bacterial infections, doctors must know exactly which germ is causing the illness. Which of these common illnesses is caused by a virus that attacks the respiratory system and cannot be treated with antibiotics?

Angkor Wat, one of the largest religious monuments in the world, reflects the grandeur of an ancient Southeast Asian civilization. In which country can this historical site be found today?

Pio Valenzuela was one of the key members of the Katipunan and a trusted confidant of Andrés Bonifacio. Beyond his revolutionary role, he also had a professional background that shaped his contributions to the movement. What was his primary profession?

To establish a metaphor, a writer asserts a direct identity between two dissimilar subjects. Which of the following sentences correctly employs this technique of direct, non-literal comparison?

The Montgolfier Brothers were famous for the hot air balloon, but a different pair of siblings achieved the first successful flight of a powered aircraft. Who are credited with inventing the airplane?

"Maraming kamay ang nagtatrabaho upang maitayo ang gusali." Anong uri ng tayutay ang ginamit sa pagpapahayag na ito?

The late 19th century saw revolutionary discoveries that revealed new forms of invisible electromagnetic energy beyond the known spectrum. Which physicist discovered a form of invisible, high-energy electromagnetic radiation capable of passing through many materials, earning him the first Nobel Prize in Physics?

Lourdes Quisumbing is the DepEd secretary that implemented the Values Education Framework in the Philippines. Who was then the DepEd Secretary who oversaw the initial implementation of the K-12 Curriculum or the Enhanced Basic Education Program?

Temperate forests contain numerous types of deciduous trees that shed their leaves in the fall. Which type of tree, commonly found in these areas, produces the nut known as an acorn?

Sa isang panayam, ipinaliwanag ng isang lingguwista na ang wika ay maaaring nagmula sa pagbulong sa sarili, pagtawa, paglalaro, panliligaw, at iba pang paraan ng emosyonal na pagpapahayag. Aling teorya ng pinagmulan ng wika ang inilalarawan dito?

Modern biology catalogues every living organism using the nested system first developed by Carolus Linnaeus, which establishes an eight-level hierarchy for scientific classification. Which sequence correctly arranges the provided taxonomic ranks for humans?

1) Hominidae

2) Mammalia

3) Chordata

4) Primates

5) Animalia

6) Eukarya

7) Sapiens

8) Homo

In response to the constitutional mandate to promote and protect the right to health, the Philippine government prioritized public health by creating a major agency dedicated to universal health coverage for all Filipino citizens. Which Republic Act established the Philippine Health Insurance Corporation or PhilHealth?

Xavier University in Cagayan de Oro is recognized for its long-standing Jesuit roots. In the same way that many schools reflect the identity of a guiding religious order, which congregation is historically linked with Colegio de San Juan de Letran in Manila?

In botany, fruits are classified based on the structure of the flower's ovary from which they develop. A "true berry" is fleshy, develops from a single ovary, and typically contains many seeds. Which of the following fruits is correctly classified as a true berry?

Mathieu frequently reverses letters like b and d and often reads "was" as "saw." This recurring difficulty during read aloud most likely indicates that he is experiencing which learning difficulty?

The 1987 Philippine Constitution is regarded as the fundamental law of the land. Under that Constitution, a declaration of martial law by the President automatically lapses after 60 days unless extended by Congress. Which Article sets out this provision concerning martial-law declaration and its 60-day limit?

During his English class, Kiehl was asked to describe an antique item using multiple adjectives to capture its complete essence, as is required in descriptive writing. Which of the following sentences uses the correct conventional order of cumulative adjectives?

In the nursery rhyme "Jack and Jill," the children climb a hill to fetch water, but the task ends abruptly when Jack falls and is injured, causing Jill to follow. Which lesson best fits this tale?

Breathing involves a coordinated passage of air through several structures before gas exchange occurs. When a person inhales normally through the nose, in what correct order does the air travel as it moves toward the lungs?

1) Bronchioles

2) Trachea

3) Pharynx

4) Bronchi

5) Larynx

6) Alveoli

7) Nose

In one of the most memorable moments in modern pageantry, a Filipina Miss Universe candidate delivered a line that highlighted confidence and compassion, saying: "I want to show the world, the universe rather, that I am confidently beautiful with a heart." Which contestant originally expressed this well-known statement?

Corazon Aquino : Philippines :: Nelson Mandela : ______

In a community deeply shaken by a brutal offense, a man found guilty of a heinous crime is sentenced to death, sparking a moral debate. Some citizens emphasize fairness to the victims, while others stress the inherent dignity of human life. Which stance best reflects the moral belief that justice must be properly upheld?

The Philippines existed as a set of independent polities before being subjected to centuries of foreign control. Considering this entire history, which of the following statement is true about the historical development of this modern archipelagic nation-state?

In Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus Finch guided his children through challenging situations, imparting important life lessons. How did he help them understand the value of empathy?

In the Philippines, the President takes a solemn oath to "preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution." What is the main purpose of this sacred pledge in guiding the President's responsibilities?

Coastal towns can be damaged by big ocean waves during storms. What is the best way to protect these communities?

In O. Henry’s “The Gift of the Magi,” a poor couple, Jim and Della, sacrifice their most prized possessions to buy gifts for each other, resulting in impractical presents for both. What enduring lesson about sacrificial love is conveyed by the story’s ironic resolution?

Parenting styles are commonly classified based on levels of demandingness and responsiveness. Keaton, a father of five,  provides a nurturing environment while setting clear, reasonable expectations for his children. Which description accurately reflects the characteristics of the authoritative parenting style?

Sinasabing ang ingay ay kalabang mortal ng epektibong pakikinig sapagkat nakakaabala ito sa pag-unawa. Bilang isang aktibong tagapakinig sa isang talakayan, paano natin malalabanan ang ingay upang maging mas epektibo sa pakikipag-usap?

Seasons are four distinct periods during the year, characterized by different weather patterns, namely summer, autumn, winter, and spring. Which of the following factors is primarily responsible for producing these seasonal changes on Earth?

Earth’s climate system consists of interconnected spheres—air, ice, land, water, and living things—that shape environmental conditions. Which of the following refers to the biosphere?

Ang talumpati ay nangangailangan ng tamang elemento upang maging epektibong maiparating nang malinaw ang nais na mensahe. Alin sa mga sumusunod ang pinakamahalagang salik?

In considering the constitutional limits placed on the executive branch, which of the following does not fall within the legitimate powers granted to the President of the Philippines?

The Filipino folk song “Leron Leron Sinta” teaches a lesson about perseverance, showing that Leron keeps trying even when the guava falls and the ladder breaks. What fundamental pattern of behavior does Leron’s repeated effort consistently demonstrate?

In ancient Greek astronomy, several philosophers proposed different models of the cosmos. Which ancient Greek thinker is credited with proposing that the Earth revolves around the Sun, introducing an early heliocentric model of the solar system?

Gagné’s instructional events outline a systematic sequence for effective lesson delivery, maximizing learner understanding through sequential steps. Based on this learning model, which arrangement correctly follows the nine steps in proper order?

1) Enhance Retention and Transfer

2) Inform Learner of Objectives

3) Provide Guided Learning

4) Recall Prior Knowledge

5) Assess Performance

6) Elicit Performance

7) Provide Feedback

8) Present Material

9) Gain Attention

Kaito is packing his things for a winter trip to Sapporo, Hokkaido. He needs a box that can hold exactly 75 cubic inches of space. Which of the following box dimensions would be suitable for him?

Phagocytosis is an immune response in which certain cells ingest and digest harmful particles, such as bacteria. Which type of cell is primarily responsible for performing this defensive process?

Recognized as one of the nation’s most remarkable species, Viggo the Philippine Eagle appears on the ₱1,000 bill. Which branch of science specifically focuses on studying bird species?

In Metro Manila, Meralco is the only company supplying electricity to households and businesses. With only one seller and many buyers, what type of market structure does this illustrate?

In J.K. Rowling’s wizarding world, every new student arriving at Hogwarts is placed into one of four houses that reflect their personalities. To which house did Harry Potter ultimately belong?

When analyzing the energy transfer and dissipation capabilities of an electrical system, determining the intensity of charge flow is crucial. Which specific testing instrument must be placed in a series configuration to directly measure the current in a circuit?

The traditional dance known as Pangalay is celebrated for its fluid, graceful movements from the Southern Philippines. This dance is most closely associated with which indigenous group?

“_____ niyo ng sunscreen ang inyong buong katawan bago kayo tumungo sa dalampasigan upang maprotektahan ang inyong balat laban sa init ng araw.” Alin ang angkop na salita?

In the Philippines, how many days does the President have to sign or veto a bill before it becomes law if no action is taken?

The evolution of modern computing followed several major technological breakthroughs that transformed how machines processed information. Arrange the following  innovations in their correct historical sequence, from earliest to the most recent.

1) Artificial Intelligence

2) Integrated Circuits

3) Microprocessors

4) Vacuum Tubes

5) Transistors

In a vibrant meadow ecosystem, a grasshopper feeds on tender blades of grass before being spotted and eaten by a hungry frog. Moments later, a snake glides through the area and swallows the frog, only to be seized by a hawk soaring overhead. Within this food chain sequence, what ecological role does the frog fulfill?

Sa pagtalakay sa iba’t ibang uri ng panghalip sa Filipino, alin sa mga sumusunod ang tumutukoy sa mga salitang humahalili sa pangngalang tumutukoy sa tao, tulad ng ako, siya, kami, at sila?

In the development of educational objectives, David Krathwohl and Bertram Masia, helped classify learning outcomes within the affective domain. Which educator worked with them in the original formulation of this definitive taxonomy of attitudes and values?

StreamLine, a coastal engineering firm, is choosing materials for building a floating research platform in the open sea. Engineers compare several substances to determine which one, for a given volume, will support the most mass and remain stable on water. In this scenario, which property are they primarily evaluating?

During a classroom investigation on material properties, Malcolm measured a metal cube with a mass of 400 g and a volume of 50 cm³. Based on his data, what is the density of the cube?

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid used in digestion. The strength of any acid is measured by its pH value. What is the range of pH values typically associated with a strong acid?

Chef Serapion’s recipe calls for 4 lemons for every 3 tarts. If he plans to make 9 tarts for dessert, how many lemons will he need?

Since Kit met his new girlfriend, he never seems to be ___ home, preferring to spend all his evenings with her instead of his friends.

What is the exponent in the expression 6x² + 6y²?

While organizing digital files for a school project, Xille notices that they vary widely in size. To better understand storage capacity, she reviews common data units. Which of the following correctly lists these units from the largest data capacity to the smallest?

1) Megabyte

2) Gigabyte

3) Terabyte

4) Kilobyte

5) Byte

Brynn borrowed ₱12,000 from a bank to start a small business. If the loan carries a 7% annual interest rate and she plans to pay it back after 8 months, what is the total amount she needs to repay?

During the school’s intramural games, Teacher Aries, a Grade 6 adviser is organizing teams. The class has 25 students, and the ratio of boys to girls is 3:2. How many boys will join the team?

What is the least common multiple (LCM) of 5, 6, and 7?

The Secularization Movement in the Philippines emerged during the Spanish colonial period to address the unequal treatment between the foreign regular clergy and the native secular clergy. Initially led by figures like Padre Pedro Peláez, the movement’s primary demand centered on which of the following reforms?

The substances around us are composed of atoms held together by different types of chemical bonds, influencing their properties and behavior. Some compounds form by transferring electrons, while others share them, resulting in distinct types of bonding. Which of the following compounds is an example of a covalent bond, where atoms share electrons rather than transfer them?

During the 20th century, several countries were led by strongmen who held significant political power for extended periods. In the Philippines, Ferdinand Marcos ruled under martial law for years. Likewise, which leader held a long, authoritarian rule over Iraq?

José Rizal, the national hero of the Philippines, experienced several significant relationships in his life. Who was his first love, whom he met in his grandmother’s house during his youth?

Three days after the founding of the La Liga Filipina, Rizal was arrested and imprisoned at Fort Santiago without due process of law. Who was then the governor-general of the country who ordered the apprehension and deportation of Rizal to Dapitan?

While Vincent van Gogh is widely celebrated for creating the masterpiece Starry Night, another iconic artwork from the late 19th century, The Scream, is attributed to which renowned artist?

Generations are categorized based on birth years. Based on the widely accepted definitions, what is the correct chronological order of the following generations, from oldest to youngest?

1) Generation Alpha

2) Silent Generation

3) Generation Beta

4) Baby Boomers

5) Generation Y

6) Generation X

7) Generation Z

Suzi is preparing dinner for her friends, and practicing proper food safety is essential to prevent foodborne illnesses. Which of the following actions demonstrates that she is handling food safely?

The Magellan–Elcano expedition marked a monumental turning point in global exploration. Which of the following statements best describes the major, lasting achievement of this historic voyage?

Ang kuwentong “Bangkang Papel” ni Genoveva Edroza-Matute ay isang maikli ngunit makabagbag-damdaming salaysay. Anong pangunahing aral ang nais ibahagi ng kuwentong ito?

Although people use fossil fuels like coal, gas, and oil for energy, their widespread application incurs significant disadvantages. What is one major drawback of using fossil fuels?

Dr. José P. Rizal was born in Calamba, Laguna, on June 19, 1861. Three days later, he was baptized at their town church, Saint John the Baptist Parish Church. Who was the priest who officiated the sacrament of baptism to the future national hero?

In the early 13th century, a formidable leader named Genghis Khan united various nomadic groups and launched sweeping military campaigns that reshaped political boundaries between parts of Asia and Europe. His rule laid the foundation for one of history’s largest contiguous empires. Which empire did he lead?

Animals that primarily consume honey, such as honey badgers in the wild, are classified under which specific feeding category?

During her first week at school, Mayari noticed that her classmate, Seren, kept making loud jokes in the middle of lessons, which the teacher found quite annoying. The underlined word means _____.

“The Rizal Monument was built in homage to the national hero’s sacrifices for the country.” The underlined word means _____.

Digestion involves a highly organized pathway that moves food through several organs responsible for ingesting, digesting, and absorbing nutrients. Given the major structures listed below, which sequence correctly represents the normal flow of food through the human digestive system?

1) Large Intestine

2) Small Intestine

3) Esophagus

4) Stomach

5) Rectum

6) Mouth

7) Anus