WorksheetsBiological Basis of Behavior Part 1
Total questions: 44
Worksheet time: 22mins
(02.01 MC) If you were asked to support the nature side of the nature versus nurture debate, you discussion points should focus on which of the following? (5 points)
Cognition
Experience
Maturation
Socialization
(02.01 MC) Which of the following is an example of what an evolutionary psychologist might study? (5 points)
Modulation of speeds of action potential
Factors that make a person avoid rejection
Reason for human's innate fears of heights
Age at which children in various countries speak their first words
(02.01 MC) Which of the following questions is related to the nature versus nurture debate? (5 points)
Is religious preference most influenced by parental upbringing or by interaction with peers?
Is an individual's level of empathy the result of one's environment, or is it a result of biological maturation?
Is language acquisition complete by the early school years, or are most linguistic forms mastered only in adulthood?
Is perception accomplished by passive detection of images in the environment or by active detection of information?
(02.01 MC) Bennett and Bailey are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different homes. Which type of study might a researcher conduct to determine the impact of the environment on development? (5 points)
Adoption study
Naturalistic observation
Double-blind study
Twin study
(02.01 MC) Austin and Evan, fraternal twins, have two brothers, James and George, who are identical twins. What type of study might a researcher conduct to determine the impact of heredity on development? (5 points)
Adoption study
Naturalistic observation
Double-blind study
Twin study
(02.01 MC) A psychologist has studied identical twins, Nicole and Brianna, from birth to their 25th birthdays. Brianna left home at age 10 to live and study at a boarding school for athletes. Data was collected about their interests, school activities, academic performances, and physical health. What question might the researcher be trying to answer? (5 points)
What is the impact of the environment on development?
What is the impact of heredity on development?
What is the impact of climate on development?
What is the impact of prenatal care on development?
(02.02 MC) While you are sending a text to your best friend, messages are transmitted from your spinal cord to muscles in your hands. Which part of the nervous system helps make this happen? (5 points)
Autonomic
Parasympathetic
Peripheral
Sympathetic
(02.02 MC) Marissa's softball coach reminds the team not to eat for several hours before the game because the digestive process will be slowed down due to intense activity. Which part of the nervous system is directly responsible for slowing down digestive processes during the game? (5 points)
Central
Parasympathetic
Somatic
Sympathetic
Alphonso was swimming in the ocean when he noticed a dark object swimming towards him. Immediately his pupils dilated, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of which of the following? (5 points)
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Joel was almost in a car accident on his way to school. Initially his pupils dilated, his digestion reduced, and his skin became cold. Which part of his nervous system helped Joel return to homeostasis once the stress subsided and he was no longer in danger? (5 points)
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Kara sees a spider on the floor of her bathroom. She is extremely afraid of spiders. Which part of her nervous system would enable her to jump backwards to get away from the spider? (5 points)
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Bella thinks she sees a bug on the floor of her bathroom. Upon further inspection, though, she realizes the "bug" is only some dirt from her shoes. Which part of her nervous system would be responsible for calming her down after she realizes there isn't a bug in her bathroom? (5 points)
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Review the chart and then answer the question that follows. Which part of the nervous system is described in Part A? (5 points) Chart description: Divisions of the Human Nervous System. Part A: Digestion stops; Heartbeat increases; Pupils dilate. Part B: Digestion resumes; Heartbeat slows; Pupils return to normal. Part C: Brain; Spinal cord.
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Review the chart and then answer the question that follows. Which part of the nervous system is described in Part C? (5 points) Chart description: Divisions of the Human Nervous System. Part A: Digestion stops; Heartbeat increases; Pupils dilate. Part B: Digestion resumes; Heartbeat slows; Pupils return to normal. Part C: Brain; Spinal cord.
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Review the chart and then answer the question that follows. Which part of the nervous system is described in Part C? (5 points) Chart description: Divisions of the Human Nervous System. Part A: Digestion stops; Heartbeat increases; Pupils dilate. Part B: Digestion resumes; Heartbeat slows; Pupils return to normal. Part C: Voluntary muscle movements; Receiving sensory input; Delivering motor output.
Central nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Carolyn accidentally touched her flatiron while straightening her hair. She immediately pulled her hand away. Which of the following enabled Carolyn's reaction? (5 points)
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Reflex arc
Parasympathetic nervous system
Greg accidentally touches his hand to a hot stove and quickly pulls the hand away. Which of the following enabled Greg's reaction? (5 points)
Cerebellum
Frontal lobe
Hypothalamus
Reflex arc
Which of the following correctly distinguishes neurons from glial cells? (5 points)
Neurons primarily provide structural support and maintain the blood-brain barrier.
Neurons transmit electrical signals, which are sped up by a healthy myelin sheath.
Glial cells release neurotransmitters to facilitate synaptic communication between neurons.
Glial cells possess axons and dendrites that facilitate rapid communication across the nervous system.
Increasing excitatory signals above threshold levels for neural activation will not affect the intensity of an action potential. What best explains this statement? (5 points)
Activation is inhibited by the myelin sheath.
Activation is delayed during the refractory period.
Activation is an all-or-none response.
Activation is independent of repolarization.
Neurons take brief breaks between firing. What best explains this statement? (5 points)
Activation is inhibited by the myelin sheath.
Activation is delayed during the refractory period.
Activation is an all-or-none response.
Activation is independent of repolarization.
Neurons must reach a certain level of stimulation before a neural impulse is triggered. What best explains this statement? (5 points)
Activation is independent of repolarization.
Activation is inhibited by the myelin sheath.
Activation occurs during the refractory period.
Activation occurs when the threshold is reached.
Scientists are studying the effectiveness of a new antidepressant. Ten rats are given a standard dose of a currently available medication. Another group of 10 rats are given an equivalent dose of a new medication. MRIs that show brain activity through color are used to measure the absorption of the medications. Low brain activity is indicated by grays and blues. Normal brain activity is indicated by greens and yellows. High brain activity is indicated by reds and oranges. All the rats' brains showed reduced activity prior to being exposed to their respective medication. What type of study was conducted by the scientists? (5 points)
Case study
Correlational
Experimental
Longitudinal
Dr. Clinton studies the effects of psychoactive drugs on impulsivity and aggression. To ensure validity, Dr. Clinton must be sure that participant's previous experiences with psychoactive drugs are considered. Which of the following procedures should be used to control for preexisting differences between the groups of participants in an experiment? (5 points)
A double-blind design
Random assignment
Random sampling
Running one participant at a time
Researchers plan to randomly assign participants to either a control, medication, or placebo group and track changes in memory and learning. Which research approach would be most suitable for their study? (5 points)
Case study
Correlational study
Experiment
Observational learning
Dr. Phillips flashed a picture of a dog in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. Which of the following could the patient likely do? (5 points)
Verbally report that a dog was seen
Write the word dog using their left hand
Draw a picture of the dog using their left hand
Not recognize the dog, as it was not flashed to both visual fields
A split-brain patient has a picture of a cow flashed to her left visual field and a picture of a fork to her right visual field. Which of the following will she likely be able to do? (5 points)
Identify the fork using her left hand
Identify the cow using her left hand
Identify the fork using either hand
Identify the cow using either hand
Neurosurgeons sever the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce what? (5 points)
Aphasia
Depression
Epileptic seizures
Neural plasticity
Damage to the right temporal lobe is most likely to reduce a person's ability to do what? (5 points)
Solve arithmetic problems
Speak
Read
Recognize faces
Which statement accurately describes the function of each lobe? (5 points)
The sense of sight is to the frontal lobes as the sense of touch is to the occipital lobes.
The sense of sight is to the occipital lobes as the sense of touch is to the parietal lobes.
The sense of sight is to the occipital lobes as the sense of touch is to the frontal lobes.
The sense of sight is to the temporal lobes as the sense of touch is to the frontal lobes.
Which statement accurately describes the function of each lobe? (5 points)
The sense of hearing is to the frontal lobes as the sense of touch is to the occipital lobes.
The sense of hearing is to the temporal lobes as the sense of touch is to the parietal lobes.
The sense of hearing is to the occipital lobes as the sense of touch is to the frontal lobes.
The sense of hearing is to the temporal lobes as the sense of touch is to the frontal lobes.
Review the chart and then answer the question that follows. Which lobe is associated with the tasks in Lobe D? (5 points) Tasks shown: Lobe A—Making plans for the weekend; Moving your legs. Lobe B—Recognizing a face in a photograph; Understanding words spoken into an earpiece. Lobe C—Retrieving a long-term memory; Determining whether water was warm or cold. Lobe D—Identifying objects from a series of photos flashed in the visual field.
Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal
Review the chart and then answer the question that follows. Which lobe is associated with the tasks in Lobe B? (5 points) Tasks shown: Lobe A—Making plans for the weekend; Moving your legs. Lobe B—Recognizing a face in a photograph; Understanding words spoken into an earpiece. Lobe C—Retrieving a long-term memory; Determining whether water was warm or cold. Lobe D—Identifying objects from a series of photos flashed in the visual field.
Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal
Review the chart and then answer the question that follows. Which lobe is associated with the tasks in Lobe A? (5 points) Tasks shown: Lobe A—Making plans for the weekend; Moving your legs. Lobe B—Recognizing a face in a photograph; Understanding words spoken into an earpiece. Lobe C—Retrieving a long-term memory; Determining whether water was warm or cold. Lobe D—Identifying objects from a series of photos flashed in the visual field.
Frontal
Occipital
Parietal
Temporal
What advice would you give to a friend who is attempting to learn a foreign language by listening to tapes while sleeping? (5 points)
Turn the volume way up so that you can hear it well during sleep.
Make sure the volume isn't loud enough to interfere with your ability to relax.
Make sure there is classical music, such as Mozart, playing, as well, because it is known to enhance learning during sleep.
Don't waste your money on the tapes because we don't remember information we've heard while asleep.
(02.05 MC) Your friend insists that she rarely has dreams. What does the research say about this? (5 points)
This is normal; most people never dream.
She probably dreams every night, but rarely remembers her dreams.
She probably uses barbiturates to help her sleep every night so doesn't dream.
She stays up too late at night and gets up too early in the morning to dream.
(02.05 MC) Alex complains of chronic insomnia. He went to his physician for a wellness check and is healthy, yet he has difficulty falling asleep. What change is most likely to help him? (5 points)
Have a warm glass of milk right before bedtime.
Request a prescription for sleeping pills.
Establish a healthy routine for bedtime.
Do some strenuous exercise right before going to bed.
(02.05 MC) Dr. Chang wants to examine the connection between dream content and everyday life events. She recruits 40 volunteers from her Introduction to Psychology course at the university. She will have them record the details of their daily activities. The participants will be given a sleep monitor that gently wakes them each time they end an REM cycle, after which they will complete a detailed dream diary. All data will be compared for overlapping themes excluding any identifying information. The study will last two weeks. Which ethical guideline would draw some concern from an institutional review board (IRB)? (5 points)
Confidentiality
Deception
Protection from harm
Voluntary participation
(02.05 MC) A psychological study was conducted to investigate the impacts of a sudden change to a person's sleep habits. A company provided a list of willing employees to the researcher, who then randomly chose a group of participants to start working an overnight shift. Many of the employees in this group began to have serious accidents while on the job. Other employees' performance was unchanged. The researchers concluded that a sudden change in sleep habits negatively impacted job performance. Data was published without identifying information. What ethical concern is present in this study? (5 points)
Confidentiality
Deception
Protection from harm
Voluntary participation
(02.05 MC) A study was conducted with 55 adults who were not getting the recommended amount of sleep for their age group and who experienced documented instances of difficulty with coworkers. All adults voluntarily participated in the study, provided full informed consent, and knew they could withdraw at any point. Participants were randomly assigned to a group that gradually advanced their bedtime by five minutes each night or to a control group that maintained their normal sleep schedule. After two weeks, all participants completed a mood assessment. The study's purpose was revealed to participants after its completion. Data was published that included place of employment and position. Which of the following guidelines would be viewed as problematic by an institutional review board (IRB)? (5 points)
Confidentiality
Debriefing
Informed consent
Protection from harm
(02.06 MC) You are driving in a car for 30 minutes, with the windows down and the radio at a high volume. You turn the car off and leave the car for a period of time. When you return to the car and turn it on, the radio comes on at the same high volume. It hurts your ears this time. You failed to realize how loudly you were listening to the radio. What principle does this demonstrate? (5 points)
Absolute threshold
Accommodation
Sensory adaptation
Weber's law
(02.06 MC) Bob's children have been eating a breakfast cereal each morning before school. This cereal is expensive, so Bob purchased a less expensive version that looks and tastes exactly the same to him. His children immediately notice that the new cereal is less sweet. Which of the following concepts best explains the conflicting perceptions of Bob and his children? (5 points)
Difference threshold
Perceptual adaptation
Sensory adaptation
Signal-detection theory
Maxine is at a parade in her hometown. Which of the following refers to the transformation of the visual images of the band members and auditory stimuli from the instruments into neural impulses that are perceived by the brain? (5 points)
Bottom-up processing
Perception
Top-down processing
Transduction
Study the image. Then answer the question that follows. Which structure is the protective covering of the eye through which light first enters? (5 points)
A
B
C
D
Study the image. Then answer the question that follows. What is the function of the structure labeled B? (5 points)
It changes size depending on the amount of light in the environment.
It focuses incoming light onto the retina.
It changes shape to bring objects into focus on the retina
It carries visual information to the brain.
