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WorksheetsPMAN-2025/2026
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 22mins
Which statement does NOT belong to the definition of a project?
A project has a clearly defined goal
A project consists of unique and connected activities
A project must be completed within a specific time and budget
A project runs continuously without an end date
What best describes a program?
A single project with multiple stakeholders
A group of related projects managed together to achieve a joint goal
A collection of unrelated tasks grouped for convenience
A financial tool used to estimate project costs
Why are projects typically initiated?
To deliver business value and create a positive change for the organization
To maintain routine operational activities
To test experimental ideas without any expected outcomes
To increase the number of internal processes without benefits
What is the main purpose of creating a business case?
To document routine operational tasks
To justify why a project should start and prove its business value
To replace the project plan
To define the team structure for daily operations
Which of the following is required to create a proper business case?
A complete list of all employees in the company
A detailed marketing plan
The background, connection to business goals, risks, and required investments
A final software architecture design
In the early phases of a project life cycle, which of the following is TRUE?
Resource needs are highest
Risk and uncertainty are lowest
Stakeholders have the greatest opportunity to influence the project
The sponsor approves completion of the project
Which statement best reflects a key difference between a purely functional structure and a matrix structure?
A matrix structure can involve dual reporting lines, unlike a functional structure
In both structures, employees report to only one manager
Functional structures prioritize cross-functional collaboration over specialization
Matrix structures are common in organizations with little change in offerings
Which of the following actions is most closely associated with the Initiating process group in project management?
Breaking down the devil’s square into detailed components
Formally authorizing the project and assigning a project manager
Developing a Gantt chart with milestones and task relationships
Conducting a lessons learned session and archiving project data
Which statement correctly distinguishes a project charter from a project plan?
Both documents are created at the same time and serve the same purpose
A project plan authorizes the project, while the charter details execution steps
A project plan is used only for stakeholder communication, not for planning
A project charter provides a high-level overview and is created before initiation
What is the primary purpose of project integration management?
To ensure software components are integrated correctly
To coordinate all knowledge areas and manage trade-offs across the project
To focus exclusively on scope and cost management
To create detailed technical documentation for each phase
Which of the following best describes the role of strategic planning in project selection?
It focuses only on short-term operational tasks
It is used exclusively for financial analysis and ROI calculations
It determines long-term objectives and identifies potential projects
It replaces the need for a project charter
Cobb’s Paradox highlights a persistent contradiction in project management. Which of the following best captures this paradox?
Projects fail because managers lack technical skills
Projects fail only due to insufficient financial resources
Failures happen because organizations avoid taking any risks
Despite knowing why projects fail and how to prevent it, failures still occur
What is the main purpose of the risk log?
To record only positive opportunities
To continuously track identified risks, their impact, and countermeasures
To replace the need for a change management process
To calculate project costs based on milestones
Why was the purpose of the Spaghetti Tower Challenge?
To show how planning improves outcomes compared to no planning
To demonstrate the importance of risk analysis
To teach how to calculate ROI
To illustrate stakeholder communication methods
Which of the following is considered a critical success factor in a project?
Achieving scope, time, quality and cost goals while satisfying the customer
Only meeting the budget
Avoiding all risks
Completing the project without any changes
What is the main purpose of a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) in scope management?
To list all stakeholders and their roles
To calculate project ROI
To subdivide deliverables into smaller, manageable components
To replace the need for a scope statement
What is a requirements traceability matrix (RTM) used for?
To define the scope baseline
To document stakeholder communication plans
To track project costs against milestones
To ensure all requirements are addressed and linked to deliverables
Which approach to creating a WBS starts with the largest items and breaks them down into smaller components?
Bottom-up approach
Analogy approach
Top-down approach
Mind-mapping approach
Which statement best describes a risk in project management?
An uncertain event that can have a positive or negative effect on project objectives
A confirmed issue that has already occurred
A guaranteed negative event that will delay the project
A minor concern that does not require documentation
Which risk response strategy involves shifting responsibility to another party, often through insurance?
Mitigate
Transfer
Avoid
Accept
What is the purpose of a probability/impact matrix in risk management?
To calculate the NPV
To prioritize risks based on likelihood and consequences (impact)
To document stakeholder roles
To define contingency reserves
What is the difference between a contingency plan and a fallback plan?
Both are the same and used interchangeably
A contingency plan is only for positive risks
A fallback plan is created before risk identification
A contingency plan is Plan B for identified risks, while a fallback plan is used if the contingency plan fails (Plan C)
Which of the following best describes the relationship between issues and risks?
Issues are potential events, while risks are confirmed problems
Both terms mean the same and can be used interchangeably
Risks are uncertain events; issues are concerns or changes that have already occurred
Risks only occur in large projects, while issues occur in small projects
What happens if issues remain unresolved in a project?
They automatically convert into risks
They can be ignored until project closure
They are handled by the customer after delivery
They may lead to conflicts, delays, or failures in producing deliverables
What does ISO 9000 define as quality?
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements
The ability of a product to perform under extreme conditions
The number of defects per million opportunities
The cost of conformance plus nonconformance
Which tool is commonly used to identify the root cause of a quality problem?
Pareto chart
Cause-and-effect diagram (Ishikawa)
Scatter diagram
Flowchart
What does the Seven Run Rule indicate in a control chart?
A process is stable and needs no adjustment
The process meets Six Sigma standards
Seven consecutive data points above or below the mean suggest a non-random problem
The sample size is too small for analysis
What does the Pareto principle (80-20 rule) suggest in quality management?
80% of defects are caused by random variation
80% of problems often stem from 20% of the causes
20% of processes account for 80% of project cost
80% of quality issues occur during testing
What does the critical path in a project represent?
The longest path through the network diagram that determines the earliest project completion date
The path with the most critical activities
The path with the highest cost
The sequence of tasks with the most resources
Which dependency type means one activity must finish before the next can start?
Start-to-Start (SS)
Finish-to-Start (FS)
Finish-to-Finish (FF)
Start-to-Finish (SF)
What is the formula for calculating a PERT weighted average?
(Optimistic + 4 × Most Likely + Pessimistic) ÷ 6
(Optimistic + Pessimistic) ÷ 2
(Most Likely × 3 + Optimistic) ÷ 4
(Optimistic + Most Likely + Pessimistic) ÷ 3
In Critical Chain Scheduling, where are buffers placed and who should know about them?
Buffers are removed from tasks and placed at project level, hidden from the team
Buffers are added to every task and visible to all team members
Buffers are placed only on critical tasks and shared with stakeholders
Buffers are distributed evenly across sprints for transparency
What is the main purpose of life cycle costing in project cost management?
To calculate only the initial purchase price
To exclude maintenance and disposal costs
To estimate costs for a single project phase
To consider total cost of ownership, including development, support, and end-of-life costs
Which type of reserve is not included in the cost baseline and covers unpredictable (unknwn unknowns) situations?
Contingency reserve
Management reserve
Buffer reserve
Operational reserve
What does the Cost Performance Index (CPI) indicate when its value is less than 1?
The project is under budget
The project is over budget
The project is ahead of schedule
The project has no cost variance
A stakeholder has high influence but low interest in the project. According to the stakeholder classification model, how should the project manager treat this person?
Manage closely
Keep satisfied
Keep informed
Monitor only
Which action best supports effective stakeholder engagement throughout the project?
Communicating only when major issues occur
Identifying stakeholders once at the beginning and not updating the list afterward
Regularly assessing stakeholder influence, interest, and expectations throughout the project lifecycle
Allowing stakeholders to manage their own communication preferences without coordination
A software development project uses Critical Chain Scheduling with hidden buffers. Midway through the project, several tasks exceed their optimistic estimates. What should the project manager do FIRST?
Use feeding buffers and adjust resource allocation
Reveal the buffer to the team to reduce pressure
Add management reserves to the cost baseline
Perform a backward pass to recalculate late finish dates
During scope validation, a key stakeholder rejects two completed deliverables because they “do not match expectations,” even though they fully meet the documented acceptance criteria. What should the project manager do FIRST?
Update the quality management plan to reflect stakeholder expectations
Begin reworking the deliverables immediately
Create a change request to extend scope and quality levels
Review and clarify the documented requirements and acceptance criteria with the stakeholder in a formal session
A critical stakeholder requests a new feature late in the project. The project is currently on schedule but slightly over budget (CPI = 0.92). The feature provides significant business value but affects multiple WBS elements. What is the MOST appropriate first step?
Submit the change to Change Advisory Board (CAB) and analyze impact on scope, cost, schedule, and risk before approval
Approve the change only if the team can implement it without additional cost
Add the change directly and compress the schedule to compensate
Reject the change immediately because the project is already over budget
