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WorksheetsFinal Extra Credit
Total questions: 67
Worksheet time: 34mins
Which factor most affects plants near the ocean?
Soil type only
Being close to saltwater and amount of sunlight
Number of predators
Underground rocks
Which biome has plants that save water?
Rainforest
Desert
Tundra
Savanna
What type of succession happens on new lava rock with no soil?
Primary succession
Secondary succession
Climax community
Human-made succession
A keystone species is one that:
Is very rare and not important
Has a large effect on other species in an ecosystem
Lives only underground
Eats only plants
Why is biodiversity helpful for an ecosystem?
It makes the ecosystem weaker
It helps the ecosystem recover from change
It causes more disease
It reduces food sources
Which cycle mainly moves phosphorus through rocks and soil (not air)?
Water cycle
Phosphorus cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Carbon cycle
How does slope (hilliness) affect local plants?
It changes sunlight and water drainage, affecting which plants grow
It changes the Earth's rotation
It changes the color of leaves only
It makes no difference
Which is the process where water soaks into the ground?
Condensation
Runoff
Precipitation
Infiltration
Most ATP in cells is made using oxygen in which process?
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis in leaves only
Digestion in the stomach
Evaporation
What process removes CO2 from the air and stores it in plants or rocks?
Photosynthesis
Burning coal
Car exhaust
Volcanic eruptions
Which sign shows that a lake may be eutrophic (too many nutrients)?
Clear water with many fish
Lots of algae and low oxygen in deep water
No plants at all
High numbers of large mammals
Plants on a shady slope are likely to have:
Large, thin leaves to catch more light
Thick waxy leaves for desert heat
Floating leaves for water
No leaves
Compared to coal, natural gas usually:
Releases more particulates and sulfur when burned
Burns cleaner and makes fewer pollutants
Is renewable
Is always cheaper
What usually starts primary succession on bare rock?
Pioneer species like lichens that break down rock
Trees dropping seeds immediately
Large mammals moving in first
Human planting of crops
Denitrification changes nitrates back into:
Nitrogen gas in the air
Oxygen in the air
Phosphorus in soil
Rock
Which of the following items should be added to a compost bin?
Plastic wrappers
Orange peels
Styrofoam
Glass pieces
What is a compost?
A type of plastic that breaks down quickly
Soil made from decomposed organic materials
A fertilizer made from chemicals
Leftover trash that cannot be recycled
How do the oxygen and carbon cycles work together in the environment?
Through photosynthesis and cellular respiration, oxygen and carbon are cycled between plants and animals.
Oxygen and carbon cycles are completely independent and do not interact.
Only animals are involved in both cycles.
The cycles only occur in aquatic environments.
What are the five stages of ecological succession from bare rock to climax community forest?
Bare rock, lichens and mosses, grasses, shrubs, trees (climax community).
Bare rock, trees, shrubs, grasses, lichens and mosses.
Climax community, bare rock, shrubs, grasses, lichens and mosses.
Lichens and mosses, bare rock, trees, shrubs, grasses.
Which process involves the change of water from liquid to vapor?
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
Sublimation
What is a major source of freshwater stored underground?
Lakes and rivers
Groundwater and aquifers
Oceans
Glaciers
Which cycle is responsible for moving nitrogen through the environment?
Carbon cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water cycle
Oxygen cycle
Which human activity can increase nutrient levels in soil and water bodies?
Using lots of fertilizer on farms
Planting trees
Recycling waste
Conserving water
Which biome is characterized by very low rainfall and extreme temperatures?
Rainforest
Desert
Grassland
Tundra
Where would you most likely find aquatic plants and animals living together?
On a mountain
Water in a pond or stream
In a desert
On a glacier
What is a consequence of increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?
Lower global temperatures
Stronger greenhouse warming
More rainfall
Less sunlight
What is the term for the development of a community in an area where no life previously existed?
Primary succession
Secondary succession
Climax community
Ecological restoration
What does it mean if a species has a large effect on other species in an ecosystem?
It is a producer
Has a large effect on other species in an ecosystem
It is a decomposer
It is a consumer
How does ecological succession benefit an ecosystem?
It destroys habitats
It helps the ecosystem recover from change
It increases pollution
It reduces biodiversity
What is a common impact of invasive species on native species?
It helps native species reproduce
It competes with native species for food and space
It increases native species population
It provides shelter for native species
What is the main source of energy for most ecosystems?
Wind
Sunlight
Water
Soil
What type of energy is stored in fossil fuels?
Chemical energy from ancient plants and animals
Solar energy
Nuclear energy
Electrical energy
What happens to energy as it moves through an ecosystem?
It is created
Energy is used for life processes and lost as heat
It is destroyed
It remains unchanged
Which cycle is important for the movement of phosphorus in the environment?
Carbon cycle
Phosphorus cycle
Nitrogen cycle
Water cycle
What is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a form usable by plants?
Photosynthesis
Nitrogen fixation
Respiration
Decomposition
What is an estuary?
Where a river meets the ocean
A freshwater lake
A mountain stream
A desert oasis
Which activity is a major contributor to methane emissions?
Raising cattle and rice farming
Planting trees and gardening
Mining for coal and oil
Building roads and highways
Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
Coal
Natural gas
Wind
Oil
What does an indicator species show about an environment?
Showing that conditions in an environment are changing
That the environment is always stable
That pollution is present
That predators are increasing
What happens during ecological succession?
Plants slowly return, increasing variety and biomass
Animals migrate away permanently
Soil erodes rapidly
Water levels decrease
How does construction affect plant growth in an area?
It changes sunlight and water drainage, affecting which plants grow
It increases animal populations
It makes soil more fertile
It reduces air pollution
What is the process called where water moves into the soil?
Runoff
Evaporation
Condensation
Infiltration
Which form of water is most abundant in the atmosphere?
Ice
Liquid water
Water vapor
Snow
Which process releases energy from food in cells?
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Fermentation
Digestion
Which process do plants use to make their own food?
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Decomposition
Transpiration
What is an example of short-term climate variability?
Short-term climate variability like El Niño
Global warming
Ice age
Drought
Which technology is used to generate electricity from wind?
Solar panels
Wind turbines
Hydroelectric dams
Geothermal plants
What is a way to protect native species in an ecosystem?
Introduce new predators
Keep habitats safe and stop invasive species
Increase pollution
Remove all plants
What is a sign of eutrophication in a lake?
Clear water and many fish
Lots of algae and low oxygen
High water temperature
Rocky shorelines
What leaf adaptation helps plants capture more sunlight?
Large, thin leaves to catch more light
Small, thick leaves to conserve water
Spiky leaves to deter herbivores
Waxy leaves to prevent water loss
Why is natural gas considered a cleaner fuel?
Produces more energy
Burns cleaner and makes fewer pollutants
Is easier to transport
Is renewable
Which is an example of a pioneer species in succession?
Pioneer species like lichens
Large trees
Shrubs
Grasses
What is the main form of nitrogen in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen gas in the air
Ammonia in soil
Nitrate in water
Nitrite in plants
Which of the following is biodegradable?
Plastic bottles
Orange peels
Aluminum cans
Glass jars
What is humus in soil made from?
Minerals from rocks
Soil made from decomposed organic materials
Water and sand
Clay and silt
Which process do plants use to take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen?
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Fermentation
Decomposition
What do animals and humans release during cellular respiration?
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen
How do the oxygen and carbon cycles work together in the environment?
They cycle carbon and oxygen through photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
They only cycle oxygen through photosynthesis.
They only cycle carbon through cellular respiration.
They do not interact with each other.
What is a keystone species?
A species that is the largest in its ecosystem
A species that has a big impact on its ecosystem; if removed, the whole ecosystem changes
A species that is found in every ecosystem
A species that is endangered
Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?
Sea otters that control sea urchin populations
Rabbits in a meadow
Ants in a forest
Frogs in a pond
Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
Coal
Oil
Solar
Natural gas
Which of the following is a nonrenewable energy source?
Wind
Hydropower
Oil
Solar
Why are renewable energy sources considered sustainable?
They come from resources that naturally replenish.
They are always cheap.
They are made from fossil fuels.
They cannot be replaced quickly.
What adaptation helps animals survive in the desert?
Camouflage to blend with sand
Thick fur for warmth
Webbed feet for swimming
Bright colors for attracting mates
How do cacti adapt to desert environments?
By having thick stems to store water and spines to reduce water loss
By growing tall to reach sunlight
By producing sweet fruit
By having large leaves for photosynthesis
Which of the following is typically the first stage in ecological succession?
Bare rock / Pioneer species (lichens, mosses)
Grasses and small shrubs
Young forest
Mature forest / Climax community
During ecological succession, what usually follows the stage of grasses and small shrubs?
Bare rock / Pioneer species
Young forest → Mature forest / Climax community
Desert formation
Aquatic plants
