A patient was diagnosed to have spondylolisthesis with a forward displacement of upper lumbar vertebra by 20%. He has:

Defect of the pars interarticularis and is common cause of back pain in children and adolescents?

Has no pars interarticularis fracture occurs, so when there is slippage, stenosis of the central canal usually develops. This is most frequently noted at L4–L5. What is this type of spondylolisthesis?

The most commonly involved vertebra in spondylolysis

What are the more common causes of lumbar pain by ages 20–60 years old?

Atlantoaxial joint is an example of:

The first cervical vertebra (atlas) has all the following anatomic features EXCEPT:

Characteristics of typical lumbar vertebrae, except:

The cervical spinal segment marks a transition where permitted motion changes from rotation to flexion, extension, and lateral bending. This combined motion is facilitated by the ____ sagittal inclination of the cervical zygapophyseal joints.

Characteristics of a neurogenic claudication? I. Pain increased with spine extension, walking downhill, and ambulation II. Pain pattern progresses from proximal to distal III. Pain decreased with spine flexion, walking uphill IV. Pain pattern progresses from distal to proximal

What is the normal TMJ arthrokinematics for protrusion?

Close-packed position of the TMJ?

A patient complains of pain with mouth opening that makes it difficult for her to eat foods that require chewing. Examination revealed active mouth opening to be within normal limits of:

You are treating a patient who has been diagnosed with acute synovitis of the right temporomandibular (TMJ) joint. Your early intervention should focus on:

Mouth opening is 40 mm. There is negative pain and negative deviation. There is positive clicking as the mouth opens on the right and negative click on mouth closure. What is the problem?

All of the following muscles closes the jaw tightly EXCEPT:

Which muscle has two heads?

AKA the external occipital protuberance?

Lambdoidal suture:

Sneering muscle:

A muscle responsible for about 20% of the eye opening?

At what age does a human have the greatest amount of fluid in the IV disk?

Force generated by the annulus fibrosus once it is stretched?

Resting position of cervical spine?

Loose pack position of SI joint?

Innervated structures of the spine:

Cricoid cartilage is at the level of:

The landmarks most helpful to palpate in order to locate the L4 vertebral trochanters:

Which eye muscles are contracting when the subject is looking downward and to the left?

The most appropriate therapeutic exercise to stretch the neck muscles for the patient with an acute right sided torticollis is:

Facets of thoracic spine are oriented in what plane:

Characterized by increased thoracic curve protracted scapula and usually accompanied by a forward head:

A positive Schober’s test is most commonly associated with:

The exercise program in mild idiopathic scoliosis should include exercises that:

A 14-year-old girl with right thoracic scoliosis is referred to PT. The therapist should expect which of the following findings:

Absolute indications of surgery for patient with LBP? I. Intolerable pain II. Cauda equina syndrome III. Persistent pain that markedly compromises a patient’s functional abilities IV. Progressive neurologic deficit

Ligament that is pierced when performing lumbar punctures?

What is the name of the ligament that maintains the dens against the atlas?

A strong ligamentous band extending from the seventh cervical vertebra to the skull:

Tiziete’s syndrome is characterized by:

Asking the patient to perform oblique sit-ups to the right would test which of the following muscles groups:

Left & right lateral flexion of the thoracic spine totals how much:

Lordotic curves in the cervical spines develop in infants when infants start to:

TRUE statements about the joint of Von Luschka, EXCEPT:

This condition refers to type of disc herniation, wherein the nucleus pulposus herniates posteriorly to an INCOMPLETE defect of the annulus fibrosus:

While examining an infant you note a pronounced tuft of hair on the center of the spinal column in the lumbar area. Your examination reveals no loss in motor or sensory function. This patient most likely has what form of spina bifida:

What comprises the ANTERIOR COLUMN of the three column theory?

Spondylolisthesis refers to:

Externally laterally from the junction of the pedicle and a lamina:

Bone that is made up of five vertebrae which unites to form one bone:

The height of this specific vertebrae may be used to determine the corresponding landmark:

Which of the muscles make up the erector spinae?

Is the continuation of supraspinous ligament in the neck region?

The spine of the scapula corresponds to what vertebral level?

Hyoid bone is leveled with:

This ligament united the laminae:

The strongest extensors of the lumbar spine in strengthening up from a forward flexed bending position are the:

Facets of thoracic spine are oriented in what plane:

The thoracolumbar fascia provides humans the ability to lift heavy weights overhead; nit also stabilize the trunk for throwing objects with high velocities:

Limit skull and atlas rotation on the axis:

In which direction does the pelvis tilt in order to increase the lumbar lordosis?

The specialized joint of the craniovertebral area formed by one centrally located articulation & two facet whose axis of motion is vertical through the dens, accounting to 50% of rotation in the cervical area:

Level of iliac tubercle

Gel-like material in a disc is called:

Which of the following creates the greatest increase in intradiscal pressure at the lumbar spine?

Name of the ligament that prevents subluxation of dens when fractured?

The bony landmark corresponding to the xiphoid process?

The infant spine is composed of ____ vertebrae:

The most limited motion in the lumbar spine is:

Leaning the trunk forward when standing from a sitting position is better accomplished because of _______:

The vertebral foramen is largest and triangular in shape in the ____ region of the vertebral canal:

The landmarks most helpful to palpate in order to locate the L4 vertebral trochanters:

The tapered end of the spinal cord is called as ________:

When reaching toward the floor or the toes a coordinated movement between the lumbar spine and pelvis occurs during maximum forward bending of the trunk. This coordinated movement is called:

Flexion motion of the lumbar spine is about:

Therapist hand/ finger placements for posterior to anterior (PA) mobilization techniques to improve down gliding/closure of the T7-T8 facet joints should be located at the:

Extends posteriorly or back from the posterior border of the vertebral arch:

Force generated by annulus fibrosus circulating the IV disk:

The spinous process of the following vertebrae lie above and below the interspace and since they do not overlap each other and mark the actual levels of the vertebral bodies, they make the excellent reference points from which to identify other vertebrae:

The anterior longitudinal ligament if injured due to a sprain may cause the affected spinal segment to:

Capsular pattern of the vertebral column:

A physician notes a vertebral fracture in the X-ray of a patient involved in a car accident. The fractured vertebra has a bifid spinous process. Which of the following vertebrae is the most likely to be involved?

The atlanto-occipital joint is an example of this joint

At what age does a human have the greatest amount of fluid in the intervertebral disc?

The sixth thoracic vertebra is characterized by:

While assessing the posture of a patient you note that the T2 spinous process in the thoracic region appears to be rotated to the left. Which bony landmark would you be using to make this approximation of the vertebral level?

All of the following statements describe the joints of Luschka, except:

ULTT4

Test for expanding intracranial lesions:

A relief of signs during shoulder abduction test is also known as:

The patient stands with the shoulders forward flexed to 90 degrees, elbows straight and forearms supinated, palms up and eyes closed, holding the position for 10 to 20 seconds. The test is considered positive if one arm slowly falls with simultaneous forearm pronation. The cause is thought to be diminished blood flow to the brainstem. This test is:

Using Passive Scapular Approximation Test, the patient lied prone while the examiner passively approximates the scapulae by lifting the shoulders up and back. Pain in the scapular area may be indicative of:

SLR 4. Movements listed: I. Hip IR, II. Hip flexion, III. PF, IV. Inversion, V. Knee Extension. Which combination applies?

SLR 3. Movements listed: I. Hip IR, II. Hip Flexion, III. PF, IV. Knee flexion, V. Inversion. Which combination applies?

The examiner finds the radial pulse and applies a downward traction on the test extremity while the patient’s neck is hyperextended and the head is rotated to the opposite side. Absence or disappearance of a pulse indicates a positive test for thoracic outlet syndrome. This test is also known as:

The examiner flexes the patient’s elbow to 90 degrees while the shoulder is extended horizontally and rotated laterally. The patient then rotates the head away from the test side. The examiner palpates the radial pulse, which becomes absent (disappears) when the head is rotated away from the test side. The pulse disappearance indicates a positive test result for thoracic outlet syndrome. The test done in this fashion has also been called the:

SLR 5

In this test, pt is supine as is asked to flex head on to his chest with his hand behind his head. The result is pain on the neck and lowback area, which is relieved by knee flexion.

You are examining a patient who appears to be over suspicious, and demonstrate delusions of persecution. Which of the following describe this personality type?

You are examining a patient who appears to be demonstrating sensory disturbance as a conversion reaction. Which of the following findings would lead you to suspect this?

You are examining a teenage girl who has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is a disorder that causes:

You are examining a patient with a diagnosis of Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Which of the following statements does not apply to this condition:

While treating a patient in the ICU, you accidentally pull out the patient’s catheter. Which of the following problems can occur if a catheter becomes disconnected or accidentally removed?

You are working in an outpatient clinic and your supervisor tells you never to charge less than 6 charges per visit for all of your patients. You should:

You are about to examine a patient in his room who was admitted to the hospital the day before with severe low back pain of unknown etiology. Upon reviewing the patient’s chart, you note that tests carried out earlier that day reveal he is at the end stage of pancreatic cancer. When you begin your examination, it is clear that the patient does not know he has cancer. If the patient asks you what his prognosis is, your BEST response would be to:

Your patient had a fall while getting off the treadmill. With the exception of a slight cut and some bruising the patient was okay. The incident report of the event should include:

As the Director of a department you have noticed a recent spate of accidents in your department involving the exercise equipment. All of the following would be appropriate courses of action, except:

You have been asked to develop an incontinence program in the local community. The correct sequence of steps to take includes:

All of the following are recognized gait deviations resulting from disease, except:

All of the following are examples of autosomal recessive diseases except:

All of the following are examples of medical terminology seen in the NICU, except:

All of the following are considered to be functions of a healthy liver, except:

All of the following are signs and symptoms of Vitamin D deficiency except:

Which of the following tissues show the best conductivity electrical current?

You are explaining what affects ultrasound has on membrane permeability to physical therapy student. Ultrasound has the following effect on membrane permeability:

You are reviewing a patient’s lab values in the medical record. Which of the following would you consider to be an abnormal lab value in an adult male?

All of the following are functions of the skin except:

All of the following are types of wound closures, except:

All of the following are complications associated with electrical burns except:

All of the following are considered to be the correct open-packed position of the joint, except:

You are recommending an adjustment to patient’s prosthesis in order to increase knee extension. How would you position the foot component in relation to the socket to accomplish this?

You are assessing a patient for gait who is using an above knee prosthesis. You notice that the prosthetic knee appears unstable as you determine that knee flexion is occurring prematurely. After you have ruled out the prosthetic causes, which of the following patient causes could be at fault

You are inspecting a patient’s wound and notice there is an excessive accumulation of exudate and a white appearance to the skin. What term would you use to describe this

You are assessing a patient’s arm and shoulder strength. When assessing internal rotation at the shoulder, which of the following muscles would not be involved:

You are performing a manual muscle test of a patient’s hip. The patient reports pain with resisted hip external rotation. Which of the following muscles are not involved with hip external rotation:

A 60-year-old wheelchair bound patient is being discharged home from your hospital. In preparation for discharge, you visit the home and find he has 3 standard height steps going into his home, requiring a ramp to be constructed for his wheelchair. The recommended length of his ramp should be:

You are examining a patient who sustained a left-sided injury to her back while playing tennis. She was serving the ball when she felt an immediate sharp pain in her right low back. She reports that her low back is stiff in the morning but that her pain eases after taking a shower. Based on the above information, the structure MOST likely involved is:

You read on an x-ray report that your patient has a problem with the pars interarticularis at the L5 level. A dysfunction of this part of the vertebra could possibly lead to:

You are examining a 65-year-old male who has a long history of lumbar pain and a diagnosis of degenerative joint disease (DJD) of his lumbar facet joints. During the exam, the patient complained of numbness, paresthesia and weakness of his bilateral lower extremities which increase with lumbar extension positions. However, he also reports he can ride a stationary bike for 30 minutes without any problems. What would be your provisional diagnosis for this patient :

You are examining a college soccer player who sustained a hyperextension knee injury during a game the previous day. The patient went to the emergency room of a local hospital and was diagnosed with “knee sprain”. You decide to test the patient’s anterior cruciate ligament of the involved knee. Which of the following tests would the best to use?

You are examining a tennis player who was referred to physical therapy with progressive posterior shoulder pain and weakness of the shoulder abductors and external (lateral) rotators. You notice muscle atrophy superior and inferior to the scapular spine. The patient’s problem is MOST LIKELY attributable to damage involving the:

During gait assessment of a patient who is beginning ambulation training with a right above-knee prosthesis, you observe that the heel rises excessively during early swing. Possible causes for this are:

You are examining a 21 year-old man who suffered a gunshot wound and now exhibits Brown-Sequard syndrome. The classic signs and symptoms of this syndrome are:

You are performing a gait assessment on a patient using a patellar-tendon bearing prosthesis, and you observe excessive knee flexion in early stance of the involved side. The most likely reason for this is:

Independent community ambulation as the primary means of functional mobility is a realistic functional expectation for a patient with the highest level of spinal cord injury at:

You are performing a gait assessment on a patient using a below-knee prosthesis who demonstrates an uneven heel rise on the prosthetic side. What is the most likely cause of this?

What is the minimal blood glucose level that is considered too high for a diabetic patient to begin exercise?

A patient is sitting at a table and performing elbow flexion exercises using a dumbbell as resistance. This exercise demonstrates what class of lever?

Which of the following tissues absorbs the least amount of an ultrasound beam at $$1\,\mathrm{MHz}$$ ?

You are examining a patient with a history of congestive heart failure. You notice that the patient has some peripheral edema. Which of the following factors are pathogenetic of this edema?

You are presenting a departmental in-service on the lymphoid system. The lymphoid system is composed of all the following except:

You are examining a patient with a history of congestive heart disease. In addition to the heart, which of the following organs is most seriously affected due to the decreased blood supply that ensures?

You are examining a patient with diabetes insipidus. Which of the following is a true statement?

What structural change to the heart is associated with aortic stenosis?

You are examining a patient with a history of congestive heart disease with right ventricular hypertrophy. You would expect to find all of the following in this patient except:

You are presenting a departmental in-service about bronchiectasis. Which of the following are true statements?

You are reviewing the medical records of the patient you’re about to examine in the intensive care unit. According to the patient’s chart the patient suffered an intracranial bleed due to trauma. Which of the following is the most common type of intracranial bleeding due to trauma:

You are examining a patient with diagnosis of chronic disease of the lungs. Of the following, which is the most chronic disease of the lungs?

You are taking the history of a patient who reports that he becomes short of breath and wheezes when he runs, mows the lawn, or does other heavy work. Which of the following lung diseases do you suspect the patient has?