Three types of impurities in natural water: (1)

1. ______ impurities (e.g ______ and plant debris)

-> Feaures: ______

(a)  

Three types of impurities in natural water: (2)

2. ______ impurities (e.g. mineral ______ )

3. ______ (e.g. bacteria and ______ )

-> Features : ______ our health (drink: get ______ , use: get eye ______ and pain)

(a)  

Three methods of water purification: (1)

1. ______ (沉積法)

Process:

A. ______ water ↓( ______ )

B. Sediment ( ______ density impurities sink, ______ density impurities float) ↓(Add ______ )

C. ______ water (remove some ______ density impurities ______ in water)

(a)  

Three methods of water purification: (2)

2. ______ (過濾法)

Process:

A. ______ water ↓( ______ )

B1. ______ ( ______ impurities stay on the filter paper) ↓

B2. ______ ( ______ which pass through the filter paper)

* Filter paper are made up of materials that consists of many small ______ )

(a)  

Three methods of water purification: (3)

3. ______ (蒸餾法)

Process:

A. ______ water (impurities left behind e.g. ______ ) ↓( ______ )

B. ______ (goes into the ______ ) ↓______ )

C. ______ water ( ______ )

(a)  

Type of impurities removed

A. Sedimentation B. Filtration C. Distillation

1. Insoluble impurities (heavy solids) : __________________

2. Insoluble impurities (fine solids) : __________________

3. Soluble impurities : __________________

4. Microorganisms : __________________

(a)  

1. What method of water purification is applied?

A. Leaving a cup of tea for a while before drinking

B. Separating pasta from water using a strainer

2. T/F

A. Pond water is safe to drink directly after sedimentation

B. Microorganisms in water cannot be removed by distillation

(a)  

Tommy makes a filtration column to purify pond water

1. Name the method of water purification that Tommy is using

2. What is the filtered water called?

3. State the types of impurities that the filtration column can remove

(a)  

1. Natural water contains impurities: ______ impurities, ______ impurities and ______

2. In ______ , heavy solids sink to the bottom. Adding ______ helps stick the fine suspended solids together

3. Purifying water by boiling and condensation is called ______

(a)  

1. Sedimentation

- The impurities sink to the bottom to form a layer of ______

2. Filtration

- We put a ______ paper into the ______ .

- The impurities left on the filter paper forms the ______ .

- The clear liquid collected is called ______

(a)  

3. Distillation

- We heat the sea water by a round-bottom ______ .

- We use an alcohol ______ to measure.

- The main apparatus of the experiment is the ______ .

- The water ______ is connected with the tap.

- The water ______ is connected to the sink.

- The pure water obtained is called ______

(a)  

T/F

1. Amoeba is an example of microorganisms in natural water

2. Filtration can remove soluble impurities from muddy water.

3. After filtration, natural water is safe to drink.

4. Pure water can be obtained from sea water by distillation.

5. In distillation, water should enter the condenser at the higher opening.

(a)  

MC

1. Which type of impurities do mineral salts in water belong to?

(A) Insoluble impurities ● (B) Soluble impurities ● (C) Microorganisms ● (D) Mineral salts are NOT impurities.

2. A beaker of pond water is poured into a filtration column. Which of the following can be filtered out?

(A) Sand ● (B) Microorganisms ● (C) Salts

(a)  

1. Filter paper can be used to separate which of the following substances?

(A) Sugar from a soft drink

(B) Water from hot coffee

(C) Sand from sea water

(D) Microorganisms from pond water

(a)  

2.5 Further treatment of drinking water (Q17-30)

(a)  

Three ways to kill microorganisms in water (1)

1. Adding ______

- used in some local water ______ works and ______ pools

- can kill most ______ (less effective than ______ )

- ______ than Ozone

- have ______ smell

- ______ eyes and skin if too much

(a)  

Three ways to kill microorganisms in water (2)

2. Adding ______

- used in some local water ______ works and ______ pools

- can kill most ______ (more effective than ______ )

- more ______ than Chlorine

- no ______ smell

- cause ______ pain and shortness of ______ if inhaled

(a)  

Three ways to kill microorganisms in water (3)

3. Using ______ (UV light)

- used in water ______ and fish ______ , also some local water ______ works and ______ pools - can kill most ______

- injure the ______ of eyes if look at UV light source ______

(a)  

Fluoridation (Adding ______ )

- contains in ______

- added to ______ water

- can prevent tooth ______ by strengthening the ______ of our teeth

- ______ kill microorganisms

(a)  

Water treatment in HK (1)

1. ______ water pass through a ______ to ______ large solids ( ______ )

2. ______ is added in the ______

(a)  

Water treatment in HK (2)

3. In the ______ , ______ sink to the bottom, then ______ and discarded as ______ ( ______ )

4. In the ______ , suspended and ______ solid impurities are removed

(a)  

Water treatment in HK (3)

5. ______ is added to kill ______ in the water

6. ______ is add to help prevent tooth ______

7. Drinking water will be transferred to ______ tank, water ______ station and ______ system

(a)  

1. Water treated by ______ carries a pungnet smell

2. Adding chlorine, ______ and Using ______ light can kill microorganisms in water

(a)  

1. In Hong Kong, natural water is treated in ______ before it reaches us.

2. ______ is a toxic chemical that can be used to kill microorganisms in water. However, it may leave a ______ smell in water. Too much of it in water ______ our eyes and skin.

3. ______ is more effective than chlorine in killing microorganisms.

4. To help prevent tooth decay, ______ is added to drinking water.

(a)  

1. Sedimentation ______

2. Using ozone ______

3. Using chlorine ______

4. Fluoridation ______

5. Using ultraviolet light ______

6. Filtration ______

a. commonly used in water dispensers to kill microorganisms in water.

b. can help prevent tooth decay.

c. can only remove heavy solid impurities.

d. kills the microorganisms in water but leaves a pungent smell

e. removes solid impurities by passing water through a filter

f. kills microorganisms in water without leaving a bad smell.

(a)  

1. Which of the following statements about ozone is INCORRECT?

(A) Water treated by ozone does not carry a pungent smell.

(B) The cost in treating water using ozone is higher than that of using chlorine

(C) Ozone is commonly used to treat water in water dispensers.

(D) Ozone is more effective than chlorine in killing microorganisms

(a)  

2. Which of the statements about treatment of drinking water is correct?

(A) Fluoridation is a treatment to kill microorganisms in water.

(B) Using ultraviolet light to kill microorganisms in water changes its taste

(C) Compared to boiling and distillation, adding chlorine or ozone to water to kill microorganisms require much less energy

(a)  

3. Which of the following shows the correct sequence of steps in the water treatment process in Hong Kong?

(A) Sedimentation -> filtration -> distillation -> fluoridation

(B) Adding chlorine and fluoride -> sedimentation -> filtration

(C) Sedimentation -> filtration -> adding chlorine and fluoride

(D) Fluoridation -> adding chlorine and filtration -> sedimentation

(a)  

T/F

1. Fluoride Is added to drinking water to kill microorganisms in water

2. The water treatment process in Hong Kong involves sedimentation distillation

(a)  

2.6 Water conservation and pollution (Q32-56)

(a)  

Importance of conserve water (1)

World

- ______ % of the Earth's surface is covered by ______

- ______ is very limited (only ______ %) and ______ distributed

(a)  

Importance of conserve water (2)

HK

- HK does not have natural ______, large rivers or ______ water

• - Rainwater collected in ______ cannot satisfy HK's need (______ pattern is not stable)

• - Importing ______ water since ______ (constituted over ______% of the total fresh water comsumption)

Importance of conserve water (3)

HK

- Enable HK to enjoy 24-hour ______ water supply (There was a severe ______ in ______ )

- Construction of a seawater ______ plant in Tseung Kwan O, which make use of a new technology to ______ salt and other impurities

(a)  

Ways to conserve water

- turn off the ______ while brushing teeth

- take a ______ instead of a bath and ______ the showering time

- Was a ______ load of clothes to reduce the number of washes

- Wash dishes and vegetable in a ______ of water instead of under ______ water

- choose appliances that use water more ______ (with efficiency ______ )

- reuse the water for ______ vegetables for ______ plants

(a)  

Problem caused by water shortages (1)

Society

- People need water for ______ (cause ______ -> various ______ problem)

- Important for ______ and other daily use (lead to poor ______ and ______ )

(a)  

Problem caused by water shortages (2)

Environment

- Plants and ______ cannot live without water (die from ______ )

- When large number of animals die, the natural environment becomes ______

(a)  

Problem caused by water shortages (3)

Economy

- many industries need water for ______

- the ______ will drop and lowers ______ growth if water is in shortages

(a)  

Causes of water pollution (1)

1. ______ water

Pollutants are mainly from

◆ ______ (human waste + ______ )

◆ ______ (animal waste + ______ )

◆ ______ ( ______ chemicals e.g. lead and ______ )

(a)  

Causes of water pollution (2)

2. ______ waste

Wastes are mainly from

◆ drinking ______

◆ ______ bags

◆ old ______ net

- ______ may break down into very small piece (very ______ to remove from water)

- ______ is less than ______ mm (e.g. facial scrub and ______ )

(a)  

Causes of water pollution (3)

3. ______ spills

- ______ on the surface off the water

(a)  

Effects of water pollution (1)

1. Waste Water (1)

▲ ______ and animal waste

- carry harmful ______ (e.g. ______ and eye or skin diseases)

▲ Detergents and ______

- contain ______ that promote the growth of ______ and cause ______

- the algae use up the ______ and cause other living things are ______ of oxygen and ______

- the algae produce ______ , which kill sea animals and we get ______ if we eat the seafood

(a)  

Effects of water pollution (2)

1. Waste Water (2)

▲ Detergents and ______

- contain ______ that promote the growth of ______ and cause ______

- the algae use up the ______ and cause other living things are ______ of oxygen and ______

- the algae produce ______ , which kill sea animals and we get ______ if we eat the seafood

(a)  

Effects of water pollution (3)

1. Waste Water (3)

▲ ______ chemicals

- may be ______ by sea animals, and may build up in our ______ if we eat the seafood

(a)  

Effects of water pollution (4)

2. Solid Waste (1)

- Animal may die if they eat the waste / get ______

- Sea animals may take in ______ , which can kill them by blocking their ______ system or ______ us if we eat the seafood

(a)  

Effects of water pollution (5)

3. Oil spills (1)

- Sea animals may die due to lack of ______ (oil blocks ______ from going into the water)

- the ______ of seabirds are covered with oil, they are not able to fly and ______ , and they die of ______

(a)  

Control of water pollution (1)

1. Take our ______

- use less ______ when washing dishes

- do not ______ rubbish into the sea / rivers

- do not ______ waste water into the rainwater ______

- do not wash ______ / dishes in rivers / streams

(a)  

Control of water pollution (2)

2. Waste water treatment

- Harmful ______ have to be removed in ______ treatment works run by ______

Processes:

1. ______ (remove large solids)

2. ______ (remove heavy solids)

3. ______ treatment (break down part of the ______ )

4. ______ (kill microorganisms by ______ )

5. ______ into the sea

* Polluter Pays Principle since ______ *

(a)  

Control of water pollution (3)

3. ______ waste treatment

- Harmful chemicals are sent to the ______ (they are ______ and discharged into the ______ )

(a)  

1. Waste water ______ 2. Solid waste ______ 3. Oil spills ______ A. Blocks air from going into water B. May trap sea animals C. May contain harmful microorganisms and toxic chemicals D. May promote the growth of algae

(a)  

T/F 1. The main source of fresh water in Hong Kong is water from the Dongjiang 2. In Hong Kong, waste water is treated in water treatment works

(a)  

1. ______ from homes and farms contain harmful microorganisms; detergents and ______ in it promote the growth of ______ 2. Sewage from factories may contain ______ chemicals 3. Spilled oil ______ on surface of water blocks ______ from going into the water 4. Plastics in the sea may break down into very small pieces called ______

(a)  

T/F

1. In Hong Kong, rainwater can supply enough fresh water to meet our needs.

2. Washing a half load of clothes each time can help conserve water.

3. In Hong Kong, waste water containing harmful chemicals are sent to sewage treatment works before it is discharged into the sea.

(a)  

1. Of all the fresh water on Earth, what is the percentage of the fresh water that is available for use?

(A) 1% (B) 2.5% (C) 30% (D) 69%

2. Which of the following is NOT a possible problem caused by water shortages?

(A) Poor hygiene. (B) Formation of red tide. (C) Death of plants and animals due to dehydration (D) Drop in economic growth.

3. We can conserve water by

(1) taking a shower instead of a bath. (2) keeping the tap turned on while brushing teeth (3) reusing water for rinsing vegetables for watering plants.

A (1) only B (2) only C (1) and (3) only D (1),(2) and (3)

(a)  

4. Which of the following are the possible harmful effects of water pollution? (1) We get diseases if we eat seafood from polluted waters (2) Formation of red tides which can harm sea animals. (3) Sea animals get trapped in large solid wastes and die. A (1) and (2) only B (1) and (3) only C (2) and (3) only D (1),(2) and (3) 5. Which of the following is NOT removed in sewage treatment works? (A) Large solids (B) Mineral salts (C) Microorganisms (D) Nutrients in waste water

(a)  

1. Which of the following pollutants may promote the growth of algae if it is discharged into the sea directly? (A) Human waste (B) Detergents (C) Toxic chemicals (D) Oil

(a)