NEW
Font size
WorksheetsLower Limb, Bones, Tendons & Ligaments
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 30mins
What is the main function of the superficial digital flexor tendon?
Supports the pedal bone
Flexes the pastern joint
Stabilises the fetlock joint
Extends the toe
Which ligament prevents overextension of the fetlock joint?
Collateral ligament
Suspensory ligament
Annular ligament
Sesamoidean ligament
What is the primary composition of the hoof wall?
Bone
Cartilage
Keratin
Collagen
Which structure is located between the P1 and P2 bones?
Fetlock joint
Pastern joint
Coffin joint
Tarsus
What is the role of the digital cushion?
To support the pedal bone
To aid in blood circulation
To protect the navicular bone
To stabilise the frog
Which tendon is found at the front of the cannon bone?
Deep digital flexor tendon
Common digital extensor tendon
Suspensory ligament
Annular ligament
What is the correct term for the distal phalanx?
Coffin bone
Short pastern
Navicular bone
Cannon bone
The white line in the hoof is responsible for:
Absorbing concussion
Moisture control
Providing a boundary between external and internal structures
Weight bearing
Which ligament wraps around the back of the fetlock joint?
Annular ligament
Suspensory ligament
Check ligament
Collateral ligament
The navicular bursa is located between which two structures?
Pedal bone and sole
DDFT and navicular bone
Suspensory ligament and extensor tendon
Frog and digital cushion
What is the function of the collateral ligaments?
To stabilise the joints
To flex the pastern joint
To prevent overextension
To aid blood circulation
Which structure provides grip and absorbs concussion in the hoof?
Wall
Sole
Frog
Bars
The pastern joint is classified as which type of joint?
Complex
Simple
Hinge
Ball and socket
Which tendon supports the fetlock and pastern joints?
Annular ligament
Common digital extensor tendon
Superficial digital flexor tendon
Suspensory ligament
What is the primary function of the periople?
Weight bearing
Moisture control
Providing grip
Protecting the pedal bone
Which ligament connects the sesamoid bones to the extensor tendon?
Suspensory ligament
Annular ligament
Sesamoidean ligament
Check ligament
How long does it take for a hoof to grow from the coronet to the toe?
3–6 months
6–9 months
9–12 months
12–15 months
The primary function of the DDFT is to:
Flex the toe
Extend the pastern
Stabilise the fetlock
Absorb shock
Which structure forms the hardened extension of the epidermis?
Frog
Hoof wall
Sole
Bars
What is the main role of the sesamoid bones?
To absorb shock
To support the flexor tendons
To stabilise the fetlock joint
To aid in blood circulation
Where is the sensitive sole located?
Between the pedal bone and external sole
Above the frog
Below the navicular bone
Within the digital cushion
What is the primary function of the laminae?
To absorb concussion
To connect the hoof wall to internal structures
To support the frog
To provide grip
The flexor tendons are located:
At the back of the lower leg
At the front of the lower leg
On the sides of the lower leg
Inside the hoof
How does the frog aid in blood circulation?
By expanding the hoof wall
By compressing the digital cushion
By stabilising the sole
By protecting the pedal bone
Which structure is responsible for stabilising the coffin joint?
Collateral ligaments
Annular ligament
Suspensory ligament
Check ligament
The fetlock joint is formed by which bones?
Cannon, P1, and sesamoids
P1, P2, and P3
Cannon, P2, and navicular
Cannon, P3, and sesamoids
What is the main function of the bars in the hoof?
To provide strength and allow expansion
To support the sole
To bear weight
To aid blood circulation
Which tendon is closer to the bone in the lower leg?
Superficial digital flexor tendon
Deep digital flexor tendon
Suspensory ligament
Common digital extensor tendon
What is the function of the navicular bursa?
To absorb shock
To prevent overextension
To act as a cushion
To stabilise the coffin joint
Which structure helps with moisture control in the hoof?
Coronet
Frog
Periople
White line
What does the periosteum do?
Covers the surface of bones
Produces blood cells
Stores calcium
Connects bone to bone
Which type of muscle is found only in the heart?
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle
Visceral muscle
What is the function of ligaments?
Connect bone to bone
Connect muscle to bone
Produce red blood cells
Protect organs
What is the name of the connective tissue that covers muscle fibres?
Myofibril
Sarcolemma
Actin
Pericardium
Tendons connect which structures together?
Muscle to muscle
Bone to bone
Muscle to bone
Ligament to bone
Which of the following best describes skeletal muscle?
Involuntary and spindle-shaped
Striated and voluntary
Found in the intestines
Fatigue-resistant
What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle contraction?
Produces ATP
Stores calcium ions
Connects tendons to bones
Protects the muscle fibres
Which of the following is a feature of long bones?
Have cavities for bone marrow
Are shorter than they are wide
Are only found in the arms
Contain no compact bone
A muscle that contracts is referred to as what?
Antagonist
Origin
Agonist
Insertion
What type of muscle action is controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Voluntary
Reflexive
Involuntary
Skeletal
Which muscle type has intercalated discs?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Visceral
What is the primary role of actin and myosin?
Protect muscle fibres
Support bone structure
Facilitate muscle contraction
Produce calcium ions
What is the function of the suspensory ligament in the lower leg?
Movement regulation
Shock absorption
Carry the majority of stress
Aid in blood circulation
Which type of muscle contains fast and slow twitch fibres?
Smooth
Skeletal
Cardiac
Visceral
What is the name of the thin myofilament?
Myosin
Sarcolemma
Actin
Fascicle
What is the outer covering of the heart called?
Endocardium
Myocardium
Pericardium
Epicardium
What colour are tendons typically?
Yellow
White
Red
Grey
What is the primary function of myofibrils?
Store calcium
Enable muscle contraction
Protect muscles
Produce ATP
What is the insertion point of a muscle?
The stable bone
The movable bone
The contracting muscle
The relaxed muscle
What is the role of elastin in tendons?
Provide rigidity
Allow stretch and recoil
Store calcium
Protect ligaments
What happens when the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions?
Troponin binds to myosin
Actin-binding sites are exposed
ATP is produced
Muscle fibres relax
Where is smooth muscle found?
In the heart
In the gut
Attached to bones
In the skin
What is the role of the antagonist muscle?
To contract and shorten
To stabilise the joint
To return to its original length
To produce ATP
Which of the following is NOT a feature of cardiac muscle?
Involuntary
Rapid contractions
Found in the gut
Contains intercalated discs
What is peristalsis?
A voluntary muscle action
The movement of food through the gut
The contraction of cardiac muscle
The relaxation of tendons
What structural feature allows tendons to absorb shock?
Their crimped fibres
Their blood supply
Their yellow colour
Their short length
What happens during the power stroke in muscle contraction?
Myosin binds to actin
ATP binds to myosin
Myosin pulls actin
Calcium ions are released
Which connective tissue stabilises joints?
Tendons
Ligaments
Muscles
Cartilage
What is a fascicle?
A single muscle cell
A portion of a muscle
A muscle organelle
A connective tissue covering
