Read the announcement excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Eco-Art Corner: Enhance your creativity with recycled art projects (e.g. (2) ______ unused items into beautiful artworks).

Read the announcement excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Recycle Relay Race: Team up and showcase your (3) ______ skills in a friendly competition.

Read the announcement excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Green Trivia Challenge: Test your knowledge on sustainable living and win (4) ______ prizes.

Read the announcement excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Let’s (5) ______ a positive impact together!

Read the announcement excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Your participation can contribute (6) ______ a greener, healthier planet!

Read the classroom initiative excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Our classroom is embracing the spirit (7) ______ green living.

Read the classroom initiative excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Here’s (8) ______ you can contribute:

Read the classroom initiative excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Plant Corner: Help nurture a small indoor garden. Each student (9) ______ bring in a small plant to make our space greener.

Read the classroom initiative excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Water Conservation: Be mindful of water usage. Report any leaks and turn off taps when not in (10) ______ use.

Read the classroom initiative excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Educational Posters: Share your tips on saving energy and (11) ______ reducing our carbon footprint.

Read the classroom initiative excerpt and choose the word that best completes the sentence: Let’s work together to create a classroom (12) ______ our commitment to a sustainable future.

a. Tom: I've been really focused on my studies lately, trying to improve my grades. b. Anna: That's awesome! What subjects are you concentrating on? c. Tom: Mainly math and science, as those are my weakest areas.

a. Jason: It was such a lovely atmosphere; everyone seemed to enjoy themselves.

b. Sarah: The food was delicious too; I couldn't get enough of the dessert table!

c. Sarah: I can't believe how beautiful the wedding reception was!

d. Sarah: I also loved the music they chose for the first dance; it was perfect!

e. Jason: I know! The decorations were stunning and so well thought out.

a. Burning leaves can lead to air pollution, which harms both the environment and people’s health

. b. What are your thoughts on this? Please share with me about it!

c. Hi Mia,

d. We can collect those dry leaves and turn them into nutrient-rich compost for our school garden.

e. Best regards,

f. I hope you’re well! Lately, I’ve been noticing a small but important issue - dry leaves are sometimes burned in the school yard. g. What if we suggest creating a compost pile instead?

a. It’s also a good habit to reduce idling when possible.

b. If you live further away, you can ride the bus or even gather some of your classmates to carpool to school every day.

c. A new school year is a new chance to act against emission pollution and to do your part to improve air quality.

d. While you’re sitting in your car and waiting for class to start, do your best to remember to turn off your car!

e. If you live near campus, you can choose to walk or bike to class!

a. When lights are left on, it not only contributes to higher energy consumption but also adds to electricity bills.

b. Furthermore, the running water increases water bills and threatens water resources.

c. People leaving lights on and water running in restrooms results in unnecessary waste of electricity and water resources.

d. To address these issues, practical solutions can be implemented.

e. By adopting these measures, individuals can contribute to saving electricity and water resources.

f. One effective solution is to install automatic lights that turn off when no one is in the restroom, which helps in conserving electricity as the lights operate only when needed.

g. Additionally, installing sensor taps, which can automatically shut off when not in use, is a great way to prevent unnecessary water flow.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Explore Urban Futures Conference: Join us for an (1) ________ conference on Urbanisation and the Future of Cities!

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Explore Urban Futures Conference: Don’t miss this opportunity to inquire key (2) ________ and insights shaping urban development.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Explore Urban Futures Conference — Expert Speakers: (3) ________ with renowned urban planners, architects, and policymakers.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Explore Urban Futures Conference — Interactive Workshops: Hands-on sessions (4) ________ innovative urban solutions.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Explore Urban Futures Conference — Networking Opportunities: Connect with professionals and (5) ________ in the field.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Explore Urban Futures Conference — Q&A Sessions: Get answers (6) ________, your burning urbanisation questions.

Read the summary and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Urbanisation Workshop Summary — Recap of the Urbanisation Workshop, (7) ________ dynamic event about insightful discussions and practical insights.

Read the summary and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Urbanisation Workshop Summary — Recap of the Urbanisation Workshop, a dynamic event about insightful (8) ________ and practical insights.

Read the summary and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Urbanisation Workshop Summary — Diverse Perspectives: (9) ________ brought diverse experiences and enriched the conversation.

Read the summary and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Urbanisation Workshop Summary — Keynote Addresses: Experts (10) ________ urbanisation trends, challenges, and opportunities.

Read the summary and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Urbanisation Workshop Summary — Interactive Sessions: Engaging workshops explored (11) ________ urban planning and design.

Read the summary and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Urbanisation Workshop Summary — Networking Success: Attendees connected, promoted collaborations (12) ________ future urban projects.

. Alex: "Hey Sam, how's your semester going so far?"

Sam: "It's going pretty well, thanks! How about you?"

Alex: "It's been challenging. I have early classes every day and I'm not a morning person." Select the correct order of the sentences.

Mark: Why online learning?

Ann: I think, I'll try online learning.

Mark: What are you going to do to get Ielts 7.0?

Mark: I think online platforms are too expensive. I don't think I'll try them.

Ann: Teachers are all native speakers, and they have flexible schedules. Select the correct order of the sentences.

Arrange the parts to form a coherent letter about urban development policies.

Dear Phuong, Firstly, the government is actively promoting sustainable practices, encouraging eco-friendly construction, and enhancing public transportation to reduce congestion. Additionally, there’s a focus on creating more green spaces within cities, contributing to a healthier environment. I hope this information is useful for you. It’s impressive to see how these policies aim to balance urban growth with environmental considerations. Take care. Select the correct order of the sentences.

. Firstly, improving public transportation can relieve traffic congestion and reduce air pollution. Secondly, the construction of green spaces within urban areas can enhance the overall well-being of residents by providing recreational areas and improving air quality. Lastly, community involvement in urban planning allows residents to voice their concerns and contribute to decisions that affect their neighbourhoods. By combining these strategies, cities aim to minimise the bad effects of rapid urbanisation. Select the correct order of the sentences.

Arrange the sentences to produce a coherent job notice. We are looking for an enthusiastic office assistant to join our team. Firstly, the position is part-time, requiring 15 hours per week, and offers flexible working hours. Secondly, no prior experience is necessary; we welcome candidates with a positive attitude and willingness to learn. Basic computer skills are a plus. Besides, we offer a competitive hourly pay, a supportive work environment, and opportunities for growth within the company. To apply, please send your resume to email@example.com. Feel free to include a brief note about your interest in the position. Select the correct order of the sentences.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Yet urbanisation also presents many human development challenges. (18) ______ nearly 40 percent of the world’s urban expansion may be in slums, worsening economic disparities and unsanitary conditions.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Rapid urbanisation is also linked to environmental concerns and many cities located in coastal areas or on river banks (19) ______ natural disasters such as storms, cyclones and floods.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. Likewise, poor urban infrastructure — such as unreliable power systems, (20) ______ and poor public transport, inefficient ports and inadequate schools — reduces cities’ competitiveness and economic prospects.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. So not all urbanisation is positive, especially if it is unplanned. (21) ______, policymakers will have to address a few key issues.

Read the passage and mark the letter to indicate the correct option that best fits the blank. By 2050, more than two-thirds of the world’s population is projected to be living in urban areas. Africa and Asia — (22) ______ — will have the fastest urban growth rates.

Answer the vocabulary question based on the passage about fast fashion. The word trendiest in paragraph 1 is OPPOSITE in meaning to:

Answer the reading question based on the passage about fast fashion. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of fast fashion?

The word synthetic in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by ______

Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?

The word ones in paragraph 5 refers to ______

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

In which paragraph does the writer mention the environmental impact of clothing manufacturing?

In which paragraph does the writer mention the increase in clothing production since the start of fast fashion?

TIME FOR CHANGE! [I] Los Angeles dancer, Brian Perez, was eating out with his friends one evening when suddenly everyone went quiet. [II] To his horror, he saw that the reason for this was that people were checking their phones. [III] What if they all put their gadgets in a pile in the middle of the table until they had finished the meal? [IV] If anyone picked up their phone, that person would have to pay the whole bill. And so, it is said, the game of 'phone stacking' was born. The necessity for action highlights a major problem in today's society: our inability to disconnect from technology. But while Brian's idea deals with this obsession in a social context, measures also need to be taken at home. Some people drop their smartphones into a box the moment they arrive home, which gives them the chance to interact with the people they live with. The fact that the phone cannot be heard - it is on silent - not seen - the flashing lights are hidden by the box - means that they are no longer tempted to use it. A less drastic solution is to ban electronic devices at certain times of day when the whole family is likely to be together, for example at meal times. This can be hard for everyone, from teenagers desperate to text friends to parents unable to switch off from work. On a normal day, however, dinner takes less than an hour, and the benefits of exchanging opinions and anecdotes with the rest of the family certainly makes up for the time spent offline. Taking a break from technology is one thing, but knowing when to turn off a device is another. Time seems to stand still in the virtual world, and before you know it, you find that it is three o'clock in the morning. This is where a digital curfew comes in handy, a set time when all devices must be put away. Evenings without technology are usually nice and peaceful and make a more agreeable end to the day. And then it's time for bed. One of the best ways of ensuring you can sleep at night is to ban electronic devices altogether from the bedroom. Lying next to a machine bursting with information is far from relaxing, and the sounds it emits during the night can easily wake you up. With technology out of the room, a line has been drawn between daytime and sleep time, which enables us to switch off ourselves and drift off to sleep. Where in paragraph 1 does the following sentence best fit? Realising he had to do something to stop this, Brian made a rather daring suggestion.

The necessity for action highlights a major problem in today's society: our inability to disconnect from technology. In the sentence above from paragraph II, the phrase "the necessity for action" could be best replaced by ______

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! Some people drop their smartphones into a box the moment they arrive home... The fact that the phone cannot be heard — it is on silent — not seen — the flashing lights are hidden by the box — means that they are no longer tempted to use it. In paragraph 2, the word "it" refers to ______

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! According to paragraph 1, Brian Perez was shocked to find that ______

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! Which of the following best summarises paragraph 3?

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! The word "ban" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! The word "highlights" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! Which of the following best paraphrases the sentence "With technology out of the room, a line has been drawn between daytime and sleep time"?

DEPENDENCE ON TECHNOLOGY: TIME FOR CHANGE! Which of the following best summarises the passage?

Read the job posting excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. POSITION: SALES ASSISTANT Responsibilities: - Assist customers (1) ________ finding products

Read the job posting excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. POSITION: SALES ASSISTANT Responsibilities: - Handle cash transactions and (2) ________ excellent customer service

Read the job posting excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. POSITION: SALES ASSISTANT Responsibilities: - Maintain (3) ________ clean and organized store environment

Read the job posting excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. POSITION: SALES ASSISTANT Responsibilities: - Monitor and restock inventory as (4) ________ .

Read the qualifications excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. POSITION: SALES ASSISTANT Qualifications: - Strong (5) ________ and interpersonal skills

Read the qualifications excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. POSITION: SALES ASSISTANT Qualifications: - Ability to work in a (6) ________ environment

Boosting Your Confidence: Choose the option that best completes the blank. Confidence Facts: Studies show that only 35% of people report feeling confident in their abilities, while (7) ________ struggle with self-doubt.

Boosting Your Confidence: Choose the option that best completes the blank. Tips to Boost Your Confidence: Set realistic goals! Start small and (8) ________ yourself when you reach milestones.

Boosting Your Confidence: Choose the option that best completes the blank. Tips to Boost Your Confidence: Surround yourself with positivity! Seek (9) ________ supportive friends and colleagues to boost your self-esteem.

Boosting Your Confidence: Choose the option that best completes the blank. Tips to Boost Your Confidence: Focus on your strengths! (10) ________ dwelling on mistakes, concentrate on what you do well.

Boosting Your Confidence: Choose the option that best completes the blank. Tips to Boost Your Confidence: Practice self-care! Taking time for yourself can (11) ________ your mood and confidence levels.

Boosting Your Confidence: Choose the option that best completes the blank. Tips to Boost Your Confidence: Keep learning! Gaining new skills helps (12) ________ a sense of accomplishment.

a. Linda: They all sound fun. I'll try to join all of them if I can.

b. Nam: I can see it on the map. It's an open booth and it looks huge! Visitors can play Vietnamese traditional games such as tug of war and bamboo dancing.

c. Linda: But where's the Vietnamese booth?

a. B: No. I wouldn't. I think it would be a boring job. I wouldn't like working alone.

b. A: Do you think you'd be a good receptionist?

c. B: I think I'd be OK. I'm confident but not organized.

d. A: Would you like to be a receptionist?

a. Thank you for considering my application, and I look forward to the possibility of discussing how my skills can benefit your team in more detail.

b. Firstly, with a degree in Marketing, I am confident in my ability to contribute effectively to your team.

c. Yours faithfully,

d. My skills in market research and advertising planning align well with the requirements of the role, and I am eager to bring my skills and experience to your organisation.

e. Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to express my strong interest in the marketing officer position advertised on your company’s website.

f. Secondly, I am impressed by your company’s commitment to innovation and creativity, and I am excited about the opportunity to contribute to your continued success.

a. Firstly, the nature of the work itself plays an important role; individuals often find satisfaction in tasks that match their skills and interests.

b. Finally, effective communication and recognition for contributions encourage a positive work atmosphere, which reinforces job satisfaction among employees.

c. Moreover, fair and competitive compensation is a significant factor, as financial security contributes to overall job satisfaction.

d. Secondly, the work environment is equally crucial, encompassing factors like workplace culture, interpersonal relationships, and organisational policies.

e. Job satisfaction is influenced by a variety of factors that shape the overall work experience.

a. I worked at a local store in town, helping customers find what they needed and keeping things organised.

b. Hi Anna,

c. I’d love to catch up and share more details when we meet. Let me know when you’re free for a coffee or a chat.

d. I hope this email finds you well! I wanted to share some exciting news with you. Last summer, I took a part-time job as a shop assistant, which gave me a great fantastic experience.

e. Best wishes,

f. It was a great way to earn some extra cash and fill my days with something exciting.

g. Moreover, the best part was the friendly team I got to work with, and I learned a lot about customer service and teamwork.

Read the passage excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. A shop assistant typically holds a high school diploma, with coursework in mathematics, communication, and basic computer skills being advantageous. (18) ________, classes in retail management, customer service, and business can provide a solid foundation for this role.

Read the passage excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. Shop assistants often enter the role with varied levels of experience, ranging from newcomers to those with some familiarity. On-the-job training is a common pathway, (19) ________ in customer service, product knowledge, and sales techniques.

Read the passage excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. Experience in customer-facing roles can be beneficial, improving communication skills that are essential for (20) ________ in this position.

Read the passage excerpt and choose the option that best completes the blank. A shop assistant can get promoted to a supervisor or store manager role by demonstrating excellent customer service, sales ability, and (21) ________.

Read the following passage and answer the question. In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out" or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being. There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020). The phrase "fear of missing out" in paragraph 2 could be best replaced by ________.

Read the following passage and answer the question. In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out" or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being. There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020). According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of social media on mental health?

Read the following passage and answer the question. In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out" or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being. There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020). Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3?

Read the following passage and answer the question. In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out" or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being. There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020). The word "enhance" in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.

Read the following passage and answer the question. In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out" or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being. There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020). Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

Read the following passage and answer the question. In recent years, social media platforms have become a central part of daily life, offering users countless ways to connect, share, and communicate. While these platforms offer many advantages, experts have noted rising concerns about their effects on mental health, particularly among young people (Smith & Anderson, 2018). Studies reveal that excessive social media use can contribute to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness, despite its intention to promote connection and social interaction (Twenge & Campbell, 2019). A primary reason for these mental health concerns is the tendency for social media users to compare themselves to others. Platforms like Instagram and Facebook often highlight idealized lifestyles, leading users to feel inadequate about their own lives. Additionally, the constant notifications and messages contribute to a "fear of missing out" or FOMO, which keeps individuals in a cycle of checking their phones, often reducing the quality of sleep and overall well-being. There is also a growing body of research suggesting a link between social media use and decreased attention spans. When users frequently switch between apps and notifications, their ability to focus for extended periods may diminish (Rosen, 2019). This shift in attention can interfere with productivity, especially in academic and professional settings, where sustained focus is essential. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach. Some mental health professionals suggest limiting screen time and setting boundaries, such as "device-free" hours before bedtime. Others recommend engaging in offline activities, like reading or exercising, to reduce dependence on social media and build healthier habits. According to psychologists, such strategies can enhance mental resilience and allow for more meaningful, balanced relationships (Robinson & Smith, 2020). Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4: "Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach"?

. In which paragraph does the writer mention a concessive relationship?

. In which paragraph does the writer suggest solutions to mitigating negative effects of social media?

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each question. Recent research has highlighted that those in demanding jobs which do not offer control are more likely to become ill or to leave the labour market early. But a new study carried out in Sweden suggests the picture may be more complex than previously thought – for some workers, having a demanding job can be associated with good outcomes. Governments across the developed world are interested in exploring how people can be enabled to extend their working lives. And a key part of that discussion has focused on how working conditions affect the likelihood that workers will stay on longer. We studied all the 55–64 year-olds living and working in Sweden in December 2001. We followed up the same individuals 11 years later, in 2012, to see whether they were still working. We found that those who were in jobs with low levels of control in 2001 were less likely to be in paid work in 2012, while the reverse was true for those with a high level of control over their work tasks. But when it came to how demanding the job was, the picture was more nuanced. Overall, those with more demanding jobs were less likely to have old-age pension, sick-leave benefits, or social assistance, 11 years on, than those with less demanding jobs, while those with low-demand, low-control jobs were less likely than others to carry on working. But there were significant differences between women and men. We found that women who had a high level of control over their work tasks were more likely to stay on in paid work. For men, this was only the case if their jobs were both high-demand and high-control. A possible explanation for these gender differences is that the job market in Sweden is highly gendered: perhaps the difference is in the type of jobs men and women do, rather than in the level of control or stress they have. It could also be due to differences in other factors, such as family needs, income or health. Why does this matter? Across the developed world we have falling birth rates and increasing life expectancy – so it’s important to governments that people stay in jobs rather than retiring early. Our research adds new depth to the picture. High-stress jobs are not necessarily bad; in fact, a demanding job can be a positive factor in older people’s lives and keep us moving on in the labour market. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

Our research adds new depth to the picture. High-stress jobs are not necessarily bad; in fact, a demanding job can be a positive factor in older people’s lives and keep us moving on in the labour market. The phrase "associated with" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.

. According to paragraph 2, what was the outcome for individuals with low-demand, low-control jobs?

The word "nuanced" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

According to paragraph 4, what is the main finding regarding women and men and their control at work?

According to paragraph 4, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor affecting gender differences in job outcomes?

The word "they" in paragraph 4 refers to ________.

Which outcome is associated with low levels of control at work according to paragraph 5?

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phương án đúng nhất cho chỗ trống (18) trong đoạn văn. “Sky lanterns are a well‑loved tradition in multiple cultures, and are used around the world to celebrate holidays, make wishes, or (18) ______. They’ve become so popular, in fact, that entire festivals are centred on large groups of people (19) ______ into the night sky. Though they are undoubtedly beautiful, even biodegradable lanterns can be incredibly harmful to both the environment and wildlife. Sky lantern litter takes quite some time to decompose, and the wire frames have been known to kill animals and livestock. They also pose a significant fire hazard. (20) ______, but a sky lantern was also responsible for a massive fire at the Smethwick Recycling Plant in England, as well as a fire (21) ______ in the Krefeld Zoo in Germany. They have been banned in dozens of states as well as several countries – and recently the Isle of Man – yet sky lanterns remain popular throughout the world despite (22) ______.” (Trích dịch từ https://earth911.com/living-well-being/environmental-impact-traditions)

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phương án đúng nhất cho chỗ trống (19) trong đoạn văn. “Sky lanterns are a well‑loved tradition in multiple cultures, and are used around the world to celebrate holidays, make wishes, or (18) ______. They’ve become so popular, in fact, that entire festivals are centred on large groups of people (19) ______ into the night sky. Though they are undoubtedly beautiful, even biodegradable lanterns can be incredibly harmful to both the environment and wildlife. Sky lantern litter takes quite some time to decompose, and the wire frames have been known to kill animals and livestock. They also pose a significant fire hazard. (20) ______, but a sky lantern was also responsible for a massive fire at the Smethwick Recycling Plant in England, as well as a fire (21) ______ in the Krefeld Zoo in Germany. They have been banned in dozens of states as well as several countries – and recently the Isle of Man – yet sky lanterns remain popular throughout the world despite (22) ______.” (Trích dịch từ https://earth911.com/living-well-being/environmental-impact-traditions)

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phương án đúng nhất cho chỗ trống (20) trong đoạn văn. “Sky lanterns are a well‑loved tradition in multiple cultures, and are used around the world to celebrate holidays, make wishes, or (18) ______. They’ve become so popular, in fact, that entire festivals are centred on large groups of people (19) ______ into the night sky. Though they are undoubtedly beautiful, even biodegradable lanterns can be incredibly harmful to both the environment and wildlife. Sky lantern litter takes quite some time to decompose, and the wire frames have been known to kill animals and livestock. They also pose a significant fire hazard. (20) ______, but a sky lantern was also responsible for a massive fire at the Smethwick Recycling Plant in England, as well as a fire (21) ______ in the Krefeld Zoo in Germany. They have been banned in dozens of states as well as several countries – and recently the Isle of Man – yet sky lanterns remain popular throughout the world despite (22) ______.” (Trích dịch từ https://earth911.com/living-well-being/environmental-impact-traditions)

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phương án đúng nhất cho chỗ trống (21) trong đoạn văn. “Sky lanterns are a well‑loved tradition in multiple cultures, and are used around the world to celebrate holidays, make wishes, or (18) ______. They’ve become so popular, in fact, that entire festivals are centred on large groups of people (19) ______ into the night sky. Though they are undoubtedly beautiful, even biodegradable lanterns can be incredibly harmful to both the environment and wildlife. Sky lantern litter takes quite some time to decompose, and the wire frames have been known to kill animals and livestock. They also pose a significant fire hazard. (20) ______, but a sky lantern was also responsible for a massive fire at the Smethwick Recycling Plant in England, as well as a fire (21) ______ in the Krefeld Zoo in Germany. They have been banned in dozens of states as well as several countries – and recently the Isle of Man – yet sky lanterns remain popular throughout the world despite (22) ______.” (Trích dịch từ https://earth911.com/living-well-being/environmental-impact-traditions)

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phương án đúng nhất cho chỗ trống (22) trong đoạn văn. “Sky lanterns are a well‑loved tradition in multiple cultures, and are used around the world to celebrate holidays, make wishes, or (18) ______. They’ve become so popular, in fact, that entire festivals are centred on large groups of people (19) ______ into the night sky. Though they are undoubtedly beautiful, even biodegradable lanterns can be incredibly harmful to both the environment and wildlife. Sky lantern litter takes quite some time to decompose, and the wire frames have been known to kill animals and livestock. They also pose a significant fire hazard. (20) ______, but a sky lantern was also responsible for a massive fire at the Smethwick Recycling Plant in England, as well as a fire (21) ______ in the Krefeld Zoo in Germany. They have been banned in dozens of states as well as several countries – and recently the Isle of Man – yet sky lanterns remain popular throughout the world despite (22) ______.” (Trích dịch từ https://earth911.com/living-well-being/environmental-impact-traditions)

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chọn đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi từ 23 đến 30. Mỗi câu hỏi độc lập phải dựa trên đoạn văn sau. “Plastic bags are used by everybody. From a vegetable vendor to a designer store, everyone seems to use them. Even though they are one of the modern conveniences that we seem to be unable to do without, they are responsible for causing pollution, killing wildlife, and imposing on the precious resources of our planet. Most of us are blissfully unaware of the outcomes that are occurring and will take place in the future because of the plastic bags. Every once in a while, the government passes out an order banning store owners from providing plastic bags to customers for carrying their purchases. Plastic bags are very popular with both retailers as well as consumers because they are cheap, strong, lightweight, functional, as well as a hygienic means of carrying food as well as other goods. About a hundred billion plastic bags are used every year in the U.S. alone. And then, when one considers the huge economies and populations of India, China, Europe, and other parts of the world, the numbers can be staggering. The problem is further worsened by the developed countries shipping off their plastic waste to developing countries like India. Once they are used, most bags go into landfills. Each year, more and more bags are ending up littering the environment. Once they become litter, plastic bags find their way into our waterways, parks, beaches, and streets. About 100,000 animals, such as dolphins, turtles, whales, penguins are killed every year due to these bags. Many animals ingest plastic bags, mistaking them for food, and therefore, die. And worse, the ingested plastic bag remains intact even after the death and decomposition of the animal. One of the worst environmental effects is that they are non‑biodegradable. The decomposition takes about 400 years. No one will live so long to witness the decomposition of plastic! A tote bag can make a good substitute for carrying groceries and the shopping. You can keep the bag with the cashier, and then put your purchases into it instead of the usual plastic bag. Recycling the bags you already have is another good idea. These can come into use for various purposes, like holding your garbage instead of purchasing new ones. While governments may be working out ways to lessen the impact of plastic bags on the environment; however, each of us should shoulder some of the responsibility for this problem, which ultimately harms us. Plastics are not only non‑biodegradable, but are one of the major pollutants of the sea. For a clean and green environment, try to use alternatives to plastic whenever and wherever possible. Cut down your use of plastic, and do your bit to save our planet.”

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “outcomes” ở đoạn 1 có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bằng ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “them” ở đoạn 1 đề cập đến ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “worsened” ở đoạn 2 trái nghĩa với ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Theo đoạn 2, điều nào KHÔNG ĐÚNG về thực tế của túi ni‑lông?

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Những điều sau đây là tác động tiêu cực của túi ni‑lông lên môi trường được nêu trong bài, NGOẠI TRỪ ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Trong đoạn nào tác giả nêu vấn đề lớn nhất?

Dựa trên đoạn văn về tác hại của túi ni‑lông ở trên, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Trong đoạn nào tác giả nêu một giải pháp thay thế cho túi ni‑lông?

Đọc đoạn văn sau và chọn đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi từ 31 đến 40. Mỗi câu hỏi độc lập phải dựa trên đoạn văn sau. “Over the course of the last century, the health of people living in cities benefited from better access to education and healthcare, improved living conditions and targeted public‑health interventions. However, when urbanisation is rapid and unplanned, a combination of high population density, ageing populations, poverty and lack of infrastructure can have a negative impact on public health, primarily by fostering conditions in which communicable diseases can flourish. Global health systems were weakened by the COVID‑19 pandemic and now find themselves under continued pressure. This is due, in part, to people living longer and suffering illnesses associated with old age. There are also higher mortality rates among socially disadvantaged, and often urban, communities. This erodes quality of care and shrinks access to healthcare, which is highlighted by the lack of hospital capacity during infectious disease outbreaks. It is striking that, today, more than 700 million people who live in urban environments live without improved sanitation, which in turn contributes to poor health. The problem is particularly acute in Eastern and South‑Eastern Asia (where more than 370 million people are living in slums), sub‑Saharan Africa (more than 238 million) and Central and Southern Asia (more than 227 million). All of these urban populations are faced with increased levels of risk to illnesses, including worm infections, cholera and diarrhoea. Looking ahead, an estimated 3 billion people will be in need of adequate and affordable housing by 2030. Most worryingly, as cities expand and infringe on neighbouring rural areas, there is increasing contact between wild animal populations and humans, increasing the risks of zoonotic disease transmission. Once infected, in today’s hyper‑connected world, it is easier for pathogens to be carried between human urban populations and then from one city to another, with the potential for large‑scale outbreaks, epidemics and – as we have seen with COVID‑19 – global health emergencies.” (Trích dịch từ https://www.zurich.com/en/knowledge/topics/global-risks/the-risks-of-rapid-urbanization-in-developing-countries)

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Những yếu tố tích cực nào đã góp phần cải thiện sức khỏe của người dân thành phố trong thế kỷ qua?

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “themselves” ở đoạn 3 đề cập đến ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Yếu tố nào góp phần làm hệ thống y tế toàn cầu suy yếu?

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “which” ở đoạn 3 đề cập tới ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Ở khu vực nào vấn đề vệ sinh đặc biệt nghiêm trọng?

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “infringe” ở đoạn 5 gần nghĩa nhất với ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Từ “pathogens” ở đoạn 5 gần nghĩa nhất với ______.

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Điều nào sau đây KHÔNG đúng theo đoạn văn?

Dựa trên đoạn văn về rủi ro sức khỏe trong đô thị hoá nhanh, chọn chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D: Điều nào có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn?

Đọc đoạn văn về nghề Shop Assistant và chọn phương án A, B, C hoặc D phù hợp nhất cho chỗ trống (22). Câu: Besides, gaining experience in different departments within the store broadens one’s understanding of the business, (22) ______.