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Human Kidney Anatomy & Function

Total questions: 45

Worksheet time: 1hrs 8mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the shape of the human kidney?

a)

Bean-shaped

b)

Oval-shaped

c)

Triangular-shaped

d)

Round-shaped

2.

Where are the kidneys located in the human body?

a)

Above the rib cage

b)

Behind the abdominal lining

c)

In front of the spine

d)

Inside the lungs

3.

What structure sits on top of each kidney?

a)

Renal capsule

b)

Renal pelvis

c)

Adrenal gland

d)

Hilum

4.

What is the indentation on the kidney where the renal artery, vein, and ureter connect called?

a)

Calyces

b)

Hilum

c)

Renal capsule

d)

Medulla

5.

What is the tough outer protective layer of the kidney called?

a)

Renal capsule

b)

Renal pelvis

c)

Medulla

d)

Cortex

6.

Which layer of the kidney contains glomeruli and convoluted tubules?

a)

Renal capsule

b)

Cortex

c)

Renal pelvis

d)

Medulla

7.

What hormone is produced by the cortex of the kidney?

a)

Adrenaline

b)

Cortisol

c)

Insulin

d)

Erythropoietin

8.

What structures are found in the medulla of the kidney?

a)

Glomeruli

b)

Triangular renal pyramids

c)

Renal capsule

d)

Hilum

9.

What is the apex of the renal pyramids called?

a)

Papilla

b)

Calyces

c)

Hilum

d)

Renal pelvis

10.

What are the cup-like structures that collect urine from the papillae?

a)

Renal pyramids

b)

Calyces

c)

Renal capsule

d)

Medulla

11.

What is the funnel-shaped basin that collects urine from the major calyces?

a)

Renal pelvis

b)

Medulla

c)

Hilum

d)

Cortex

12.

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

a)

Renal pyramid

b)

Nephron

c)

Calyces

d)

Renal pelvis

13.

What part of the nephron filters blood?

a)

Renal tubule

b)

Renal corpuscle

c)

Calyces

d)

Renal pelvis

14.

What is the capillary tuft within the renal corpuscle called?

a)

Renal tubule

b)

Papilla

c)

Glomerulus

d)

Bowman's capsule

15.

Which part of the nephron modifies the filtrate?

a)

Renal corpuscle

b)

Renal tubule

c)

Calyces

d)

Renal pelvis

16.

Which structure brings blood into the kidney?

a)

Hilum

b)

Calyces

c)

Renal vein

d)

Renal artery

17.

Which structure drains filtered blood out of the kidney?

a)

Renal pelvis

b)

Hilum

c)

Renal vein

d)

Renal artery

18.

What is the sequence of blood flow in the kidney starting from the renal artery?

a)

Renal artery -> Renal pelvis -> Veins

b)

Renal artery -> Renal vein -> Glomerulus

c)

Renal artery -> Afferent arteriole -> Glomerulus -> Efferent arteriole -> Peritubular capillaries/Vasa recta -> Veins

d)

Renal artery -> Glomerulus -> Veins

19.

What is the primary function of the kidney?

a)

Produce insulin

b)

Filter blood and produce urine

c)

Store bile

d)

Regulate body temperature

20.

Which part of the kidney houses the filtration sites?

a)

Hilum

b)

Renal pelvis

c)

Cortex

d)

Medulla

21.

Which part of the kidney contains straight tubules and collecting ducts?

a)

Cortex

b)

Medulla

c)

Renal capsule

d)

Hilum

22.

What is the role of the renal artery?

a)

Drains filtered blood

b)

Produces erythropoietin

c)

Brings unfiltered blood to the kidney

d)

Collects urine

23.

What is the role of the renal vein?

a)

Produces erythropoietin

b)

Collects urine

c)

Brings unfiltered blood to the kidney

d)

Drains filtered blood from the kidney

24.

What is the role of the renal pelvis?

a)

Filters blood

b)

Collects urine from major calyces

c)

Produces erythropoietin

d)

Drains filtered blood

25.

What is the function of the nephron?

a)

Produce bile

b)

Filter blood and modify filtrate

c)

Regulate body temperature

d)

Store urine

26.

Which part of the nephron includes the proximal tubule, Loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting duct?

a)

Renal corpuscle

b)

Renal tubule

c)

Calyces

d)

Renal pelvis

27.

What is the role of the glomerulus in the nephron?

a)

Modify filtrate

b)

Filter blood

c)

Collect urine

d)

Produce erythropoietin

28.

What is the role of Bowman's capsule in the nephron?

a)

Collect filtrate from the glomerulus

b)

Store urine

c)

Produce erythropoietin

d)

Modify filtrate

29.

What is the role of the renal tubule in the nephron?

a)

Collect urine

b)

Modify filtrate

c)

Produce erythropoietin

d)

Filter blood

30.

What is the primary function of the kidney's medulla?

a)

House tubules and collecting ducts

b)

Produce erythropoietin

c)

Store urine

d)

Filter blood

31.

What is the name of the part of the nephron indicated by the red arrow in the diagram provided?

a)

descending loop of henle

b)

ascending loop of henle

c)

proximal convoluted tubule

d)

distal convoluted tubule

32.

What is the name of the part of the kidney indicated by the red arrow in the diagram provided?

a)

renal medulla

b)

renal cortex

c)

renal pelvis

d)

ureter

33.

What is the main function of the Loop of Henle?

a)

Filtration of blood

b)

Reabsorption of water and ions

c)

Secretion of waste

d)

Production of urine

34.

Which part of the nephron is responsible for the filtration of blood?

a)

Loop of Henle

b)

Distal Convoluted Tubule

c)

Glomerulus

d)

Collecting Duct

35.

Which structure in the kidney collects urine before it moves to the ureter?

a)

Renal Cortex

b)

Renal Medulla

c)

Renal Pelvis

d)

Renal Capsule

36.

Which of the following processes occurs in the distal convoluted tubule?

a)

Filtration

b)

Reabsorption of sodium and calcium

c)

Secretion of glucose

d)

Production of erythropoietin

37.

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for the reabsorption of glucose?

a)

Proximal Convoluted Tubule

b)

Distal Convoluted Tubule

c)

Loop of Henle

d)

Collecting Duct

38.

What is the primary structural unit of the kidney?

a)

Glomerulus

b)

Nephron

c)

Renal Cortex

d)

Ureter

39.

Label the nephron

a)Loop of Henle
b)renal artery
c)collecting duct
d)proximal tubule
e)distal tubule
1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
40.

In which marked location is urine produced?

What is this location called?

a)Location 1, Renal Pyramids
b)Location 3, Renal Cortex
c)Location 2, Renal Columns
d)Location 1, Major Calyx
1
1)
41.

Label the loop of henle (nephron loop)

A
B
C
D
42.

Label the glomerulus and the Bowman's capsule

a)Bowman's capsule
b)glomerulus
1
2
1)
2)
43.

Label the nephron

a)descending limb of Loop of Henle
b)collecting duct
c)proximal tubule
d)distal tubule
e)Bowman's Capsule
f)ascending limb of Loop of Henle
g)Glomerulus
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
44.

The renal ​ (a)   goes to the ​ (b)   with waste filled blood. Capillaries pass through ​ (c)   which clean out waste and excess water from the blood. They then return clean, filtered blood to the renal ​ (d)   . The urine is sent on to the ​ (e)   .

Choose from the below words
artery
vein
nephrons
ureter
kidneys
veins
bladder
intestines
lungs
45.
These organs are responsible for what?
a)
storing urine
b)
storing water
c)
filtering blood
d)
they don't have a particular job 

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