WorksheetsDefinitions of Extravasation and Tissue Damage
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 8mins
Which clinical outcome most strongly indicates vesicant-related tissue damage after extravasation, as shown in the images?
Diffuse pruritus without visible discoloration
Progressive skin sloughing with localized necrosis
Transient warmth around the cannulation site
Mild erythematous patch resolving without blistering
Which patient characteristic most increases the likelihood of chemotherapy extravasation during peripheral infusion?
High body mass index
Fragile veins and delicate skin
Normal cognitive function
No prior chemotherapy exposure
Which action best reduces extravasation risk when cannulating for cytotoxic agents?
Choose a site within a previously irradiated field
Cover the cannula with an opaque bandage
Cannulate directly over a mobile joint
Use a recently sited peripheral cannula
Which practice best minimizes extravasation risk when administering a vesicant through a central venous catheter?
Infuse rapidly over two minutes with minimal flush
Avoid aspiration and rely on patient comfort cues
Use glucose 5% only without intermediate flushing
Infuse over at least ten minutes with pre-bolus
After completing a flush-out procedure, which postoperative measure is advised?
Early vigorous limb mobilization immediately
Ice then heat cycles every hour
Padded bandage with elevation for twenty-four hours
Tight tourniquet for forty-eight hours
Which statement best reflects current guidance on corticosteroid use in managing cytotoxic extravasation injuries?
High-dose steroids reliably prevent tissue necrosis
Local dexamethasone injection is routinely recommended
Hydrocortisone intradermal use has proven effectiveness
Steroid injections are controversial with uncertain benefit
What is the first action when peripheral extravasation is suspected during infusion?
Apply a cold pack to the site
Flush the cannula rapidly with saline
Stop infusion and disconnect the drip
Increase the infusion rate immediately
After stopping the infusion, what simple procedure aims to remove leaked drug from the cannula?
Massage the site for two minutes
Inject hyaluronidase into the vein
Try to aspirate via syringe and cannula
Irrigate tissue with sterile water
What patient-focused action should follow initial management steps?
Discharge immediately without observation
Advise fasting for 24 hours post event
Withhold all medications for two days
Provide patient information and arrange follow‑up
In large‑volume neutral extravasations with swelling discomfort, which intervention may facilitate dispersal?
Immediate surgical incision and drainage
Subcutaneous hyaluronidase around injury
Intravenous corticosteroids at high dose
Topical antibiotic cream over the site
Which statement best describes the role of hyaluronidase in extravasation management for neutral agents?
Seals the venipuncture site instantly
Neutralizes cytotoxic drug activity
Breaks down tissue matrix to aid spread
Prevents venous thrombosis formation
During general treatment, which action should be avoided before aspiration is attempted?
Informing the doctor of the event
Removing the cannula immediately
Connecting a syringe to draw back first
Elevating the limb right away
Which sequence reflects early steps of peripheral extravasation management?
Mark site, apply heat, stop infusion
Stop infusion, aspirate drug, collect kit
Disconnect drip, inject hyaluronidase, ice
Elevate limb, remove cannula, massage
Which list includes examples of agents categorized as neutrals in extravasation guidance?
Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Paclitaxel
Bleomycin, Rituximab, Trastuzumab
Cisplatin, Docetaxel, Epirubicin
Mitomycin, Daunorubicin, Idarubicin
When using heat for neutral extravasation, what is the primary therapeutic goal?
Reduce systemic absorption of drug
Limit vasoconstriction and drug pooling
Promote vasodilation and dispersion
Induce local anesthesia and numbness
