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WorksheetsMarxist–Leninist Philosophy Multiple Choice Worksheet (Grade 13)
Total questions: 119
Worksheet time: 3570secs
Choose the correct option: In the viewpoint of dialectical materialism, which statement about chance and necessity is accurate?
Chance has no role in the development of things.
Necessity alone determines development; chance is irrelevant.
Both chance and necessity play roles in development, each to a certain extent.
Chance has a role only outside the development of things.
Choose the correct option: In the viewpoint of dialectical materialism, which statement about phenomena and essence is accurate?
Phenomena completely conceal essence.
Phenomena never reflect essence at all.
Every phenomenon reflects essence to some definite degree.
Only essence reflects phenomena, not vice versa.
Choose the correct option: Contradiction first appears at which stage in a determined phase of a thing’s development, dominating other contradictions?
Basic contradiction.
Secondary contradiction.
Principal contradiction.
Opposition without contradiction.
Choose the correct option to complete the definition: "A category is those ... general properties, relations, essential connections, and basic aspects of things and phenomena belonging to a given field."
Concept.
The broadest concept.
Narrow concept.
Term.
Choose the correct option: A category is formed through practical activity and cognitive activity of humans from the standpoint of which philosophical position?
Dialectical materialism.
Subjective idealism.
Objective idealism.
Supernatural materialism of the 17th–18th centuries.
Choose the correct option to complete the dialectical materialist notion of law: Laws express only ... among things and phenomena as well as among aspects of one phenomenon of the world.
Determination, reciprocal action, and mutual transformation.
Particular properties and features.
Motion only.
External influence only.
Choose the correct option: In cognition, to grasp the essence of a thing you must
Consider only isolated elements.
Consider a few relations that seem most determinate.
Consider the network of relations among parts, factors, and aspects of the thing itself and its reciprocal action with other things.
Consider only the relations that revert within parts of the same thing.
Choose the correct option: From the standpoint of dialectical materialism on the relation between the universal and the particular, which statement is correct?
The universal exists outside the particular and beyond the individual.
The universal exists objectively but is outside individual things.
The universal does not exist independently outside the particular; the universal exists through the particular.
There is no relation between the universal and the particular.
Choose the correct option: In dialectics, the pair of extremes in a contradiction is called
Two attributes.
Two opposite sides.
Two opposing aspects.
Two parts.
Choose the correct option: In dialectical materialism, the source of the interconnections among things and phenomena in the world is
Natural forces (habit, memory).
The material unity of the world.
Human sensory habit created by people.
Human practice imposed upon nature and society.
Choose the correct option: In Lenin’s definition, “sensation copying, photographing, reflecting” means what?
Sensation is the source of generation of matter.
Matter is sensation.
Sensation is the mode by which humans cognize the material world.
Sensation exists independently of matter.
Choose the correct option: Why is Lenin’s definition of matter considered the pinnacle of dialectical materialism?
He emphasized the role of consciousness.
He thoroughly solved the basic question of philosophy on the basis of practical activity.
He linked matter with energy.
He relied on subjective experience only.
Choose the correct option: According to Lenin, a thing or phenomenon is considered material because of
Its mass and shape.
Its effect on human senses, creating sensations.
Its visibility to the naked eye.
Its being named by human convention.
Choose the correct option: The methodological significance of understanding motion as the mode of existence of matter is that it
Helps people believe all things are immutable.
Helps people understand that all things and phenomena change and develop, thus they must be examined in constant transformation, development, and motion.
Encourages absolute faith in cognition.
Denies the role of practice in cognition.
Choose the correct option: In Marxist–Leninist philosophy, consciousness (ý thức) is
A product of divine inspiration.
The dynamic, creative reflection of objective reality into the human brain.
An inexplicable process of spirit.
Merely the result of subjective sensation.
Choose the correct option: The phrase “reflection is active and creative” expresses what about consciousness?
Consciousness only copies reality.
Consciousness reconstructs objective reality on the basis of social practice.
Consciousness is purely natural, without organization.
Consciousness exists independently of the material world.
Choose the correct option: Consciousness is social because
It is created by nature.
It forms and develops within social life, tied to language and labor relations.
It exists only in isolated individuals.
It originates from a mysterious source.
Choose the correct option: The relation between matter and consciousness affirmed by Marxist–Leninist philosophy is
Consciousness precedes matter; matter comes after.
Matter determines consciousness; consciousness has relative independence and acts back upon matter.
They exist parallelly without relation.
Consciousness determines matter.
Choose the correct option: The methodological significance of grasping the essence of consciousness is to
Encourage religious belief.
Help people recognize the role of practice, and foster initiative and creativity in cognition and action.
Deny subjective activity.
Affirm that practice is unnecessary.
Choose the correct option: In Marxist–Leninist philosophy, consciousness has relative independence because
It has no connection to matter.
It can act back on matter through practical activity.
It is a supernatural phenomenon.
It remains unchanged over time.
Choose the correct option: The term “philosophy” originates from Greek. What does it mean?
Love of knowledge.
Love of truth.
Love of wisdom.
Love of science.
Choose the correct option: According to C. Marx, philosophy is not a system of metaphysical doctrines but is
The direct reflection of the material world in human spiritual life.
A form of social consciousness that reflects the world in the most generalized way.
A study of miracles and deities.
A synthesis of all natural sciences.
Choose the correct option: The object of study of Marxist–Leninist philosophy is
The relation between humans and nature.
The most general laws of nature, society, and thought.
Human development in world history.
Phenomena of spiritual life in human society.
Choose the correct option: The basic question of philosophy identified by Ph. Engels and V. I. Lenin is
The relation between matter and energy.
The relation between matter and consciousness.
The relation between existence and survival.
The relation between science and practice.
Choose the correct option: Solving the basic question of philosophy creates the boundary between two principal schools of philosophy. Which are they?
Classical and modern philosophy.
Idealism and materialism.
Empiricism and dialectics.
Humanism and theism.
Choose the correct option: According to Ph. Engels, the essence of religion is
A product of reason.
The projection into human minds of external forces that dominate their lives.
The result of scientific development.
A system of natural knowledge.
Choose the correct option: According to V. I. Lenin, belief in a beautiful life beyond this world arises from
Lack of scientific knowledge.
Helplessness in the struggle against nature and social oppression.
Innate instinct.
Moral development.
Choose the correct option: When does a philosophical worldview form?
When humans learn to use language.
When cognition reaches a level of abstraction and generalization and there is a need for ideological orientation.
When people adopt a religion.
When art and ethics develop.
Choose the correct option: A key characteristic of a philosophical worldview is
Absolute faith.
The role of emotion.
Emphasis on the role of reason.
Dependence on supernatural forces.
Choose the correct option: How is the relationship between philosophy and a philosophical worldview expressed?
Philosophy provides the theoretical foundation and core for a scientific worldview, shaping its content.
They are unrelated domains.
Worldview decides philosophy regardless of historical conditions.
Philosophy is a set of religious dogmas that replaces worldview.
In Lenin’s definition of matter, the phrase “copied, captured, reflected by sensation” means what?
Sensation is the source that creates matter
Matter and sensation are identical
Sensation is the means by which humans know the material world
Sensation exists independently of matter
Applying Lenin’s definition of matter is regarded as “the pinnacle of materialism” because of which reason?
He denied the role of consciousness
He definitively solved the basic problem of philosophy on a practical foundation
He equated matter with energy
He relied on people’s subjective experience
According to Lenin, a thing or phenomenon is considered matter when which condition is met?
It has mass and shape
It acts on human senses to produce sensation
It can be seen with the naked eye
It is named and recorded by people
What is the chief methodological significance of Lenin’s definition of matter?
It helps people see the world as immutable
It affirms the decisive role of matter over consciousness and demands starting from objective reality in cognition and action
It emphasizes the absolutism of sensation
It encourages cognition based on faith
In the spirit of Lenin’s definition of matter, recent discoveries of natural science (atoms, subatomic particles, waves, radiation, etc.) affirm what?
Matter does not exist objectively
Matter is boundless for cognition and properties, not limited by our present understanding
Matter exists only at the micro level
Science denies the role of philosophy
In dialectical materialism, how are the forms of motion of matter related to one another?
Completely separate, never transforming into each other
They can transform into one another, and higher forms include lower ones
Lower forms determine higher forms
Physical motion is the basis of all motion
Which form of motion reflects change within the field of biology?
Mechanical motion
Chemical motion
Biological motion
Social motion
Social motion is fundamentally different from other forms of motion in which respect?
It is spontaneous and lawless
It involves human consciousness
It is unaffected by matter
It is slow and changes little
Which statement expresses the dialectical materialist view of motion correctly?
Motion is a special property of some kinds of matter
Motion is the universal mode of existence of all matter
Motion exists only in nature
Motion has significance only in mechanics
What is the methodological significance of understanding motion as the mode of existence of matter?
It makes us view the world as a static system
It makes us understand that all things and phenomena change, so they must be considered in states of development and ceaseless motion
It absolutizes stable states
It encourages cognition by faith
According to Marxism–Leninism, what is the essence of consciousness?
A product of the soul
The dynamic, creative reflection of the objective world into the human brain
A mystical process beyond explanation
The result of subjective sensation
The phrase “dynamic, creative reflection” indicates what about the nature of consciousness?
Consciousness only copies reality
Consciousness transforms objective reality based on social practice
Consciousness reflects randomly, without organization
Consciousness is independent of the material world
Why does consciousness have a social nature?
It is created by nature
It forms and develops in social life, tied to language and labor relations
It exists only within isolated individuals
It originates from an immortal soul
What relationship between matter and consciousness is asserted by Marxism–Leninism?
Consciousness comes first, matter comes later
Matter determines consciousness, while consciousness has relative independence and acts back upon matter
They are two parallel, unrelated categories
Consciousness determines all material phenomena
What methodological lesson follows from correctly understanding the essence of consciousness?
Encouraging religious faith
Recognizing the role of practice and promoting initiative and creativity in cognition and action
Restricting critical thinking
Treating consciousness as an immutable metaphysical phenomenon
According to Marxism–Leninism, why does consciousness have relative independence?
It is unaffected by matter
It can act back upon matter through practical activity
It is supernatural
It exists eternally and unchanging
What is the principal form by which consciousness acts back upon matter?
Theoretical thinking
Human practical activity
Mental and emotional activity
Creative imagination
Saying that “consciousness can go one step ahead of social existence” expresses what?
Consciousness escapes objective laws
The dynamism and creativity of consciousness in orienting action
A contradiction between matter and consciousness
The immutability of human thought
When does consciousness most positively affect matter?
When it correctly reflects objective reality and is applied in practice
When it departs from reality and relies only on feelings
When it depends entirely on faith
When it is spread through emotion
What is the methodological significance of acknowledging the dialectical relationship between matter and consciousness?
To harmonize religion and science
To respect objectivity while simultaneously promoting the subject’s dynamism and creativity in cognition and practical activity
To deny the role of mental life
To absolutize subjective viewpoints
The universality of connection reflects which fact?
Isolation of phenomena
Unity and mutual binding among things within the material world
Random change of things
One‑way influence among things
The universality of connection provides the basis to demonstrate which conclusion?
The material world exists independently and is unified
Consciousness determines matter
Each thing is isolated
Truth cannot be attained
Marx and Engels’ claim that “all things are connected, interact, and transform into one another” expresses the content of which principle?
Dialectical idealism
The principle of universal connection
Metaphysics
Skepticism
What is an external connection?
A connection among aspects within one thing
A connection among different things or phenomena
A connection that decisively determines a thing’s essence
A temporary connection
What is an essential connection?
A temporary, weak connection
A connection that plays a decisive role in a thing’s existence and development
A random connection dependent on conditions
A secondary connection
How does a necessary connection differ from a random connection?
It is objective and does not depend on human will
It is without laws
It never repeats under given conditions
It lacks objectivity
The diversity of connections requires us to do what?
Treat all connections as the same
Identify the correct fundamental type of connection to act upon
Separate elements within a system
Focus only on secondary factors
How does a comprehensive viewpoint differ from an eclectic viewpoint?
Comprehensiveness values main, essential connections; eclecticism collects superficial elements and lacks system
Both consider every aspect correctly
Eclecticism emphasizes essence more
Comprehensiveness looks only from one angle
What does the historical–concrete viewpoint require when cognizing things?
To detach things from the conditions of their origin and existence
To examine things within specific circumstances and historical moments
To treat things as unchanging over time
To eliminate the influence of objective factors
The most important methodological significance of the principle of universal connection is:
Helps people correctly perceive, comprehensively, and creatively apply laws to practice
Proves that the world is changing
Limits the development of cognition
Treats the role of consciousness as absolute
According to dialectics, development is a process:
Of increasing quantity without changing quality
Of advancing movement, with inheritance and leaps
That exists independently without motion
Of cycling that repeats the old
The essence of development is associated with the law:
Contradiction — the source of motion and development
Cause and effect
Negation of negation
Quantity and quality
Marx held that the development of human society proceeds:
Randomly
According to objective laws, with inheritance
As determined by human consciousness
Without necessity
Development does not proceed in a straight line but:
In a spiral, repeating the old at a higher level
In a circular path
In a lawless zigzag path
With no definite direction
Inheritance in development is shown in that:
The new utterly negates the old
The new inherits and selects the positive elements of the old
The old and the new exist simultaneously
The old always prevails under all conditions
The comprehensiveness of development requires:
Considering only changes in form
Studying aspects, fundamental relations, and transformations among them
Ignoring external factors
Treating development as linear
“Negation of negation” is:
A return to the initial state
Development in a closed cycle
Development through multiple negations, where the new preserves positive elements of the old
Complete disappearance of the old
The upward tendency of development is expressed in that:
The new inevitably emerges, replacing the obsolete old
The old exists forever
The new is only temporary
The new emerges but does not negate the old
The most important methodological significance of the principle of development is:
Helps people understand and act in accordance with objective laws of motion
Maintains the status quo of society
Opposes all change
Considers change to be random and unnecessary
According to the textbook, which factor is regarded as the direct basis for the formation of a person’s worldview?
Ideals
Knowledge
Life experience
Emotions
In the structure of worldview, knowledge truly becomes a component of worldview when:
It is tested by practice
It becomes a person’s belief
It conforms to religion
It gains social recognition
What is the overarching function of worldview?
Educational function
Reflective function
Orientation for all human life activities
Predictive function
Mythical worldview reflects the world primarily through:
Sensory cognition and imagination
Rational cognition and analysis
Scientific experimentation
Religious faith
What is the outstanding characteristic of religious worldview?
A mixture of reality and fantasy
Faith higher than reason
Objective reflection of reality
Rigorous scientific reasoning
According to Marxist–Leninist philosophy, what is the fundamental characteristic of matter?
Everything that exists in human thought
A philosophical category denoting objective reality, existing independently of consciousness and reflected by consciousness
The origin of spirit but dependent on ideas
The unity of spirit and energy
In the history of philosophy, why is philosophy considered the “science of all sciences”?
Because it studies all specific laws of each scientific field
Because it orients and guides methods of thinking for particular sciences
Because it has the highest precision and experimental basis
Because it can construct the entire scientific knowledge of humankind
Marxist–Leninist philosophy overcomes the limitations of previous philosophy in that it:
Studies only the natural world
Solves the fundamental problem of philosophy from the standpoint of practice
Adopts an absolute spiritual viewpoint
Denies the role of humans in cognition
For humans, what is the basic function of philosophy?
Forecasting and experimental verification
Orienting worldview and methodology for cognition and action
Explaining natural phenomena
Building political–social theory
Why is Marxist–Leninist philosophy said to be the highest form of philosophical development?
Because it synthesizes knowledge from specific sciences
Because it reflects the world through pure reason
Because it unifies the materialist worldview and the dialectical method, verified through practice
Because it is dogmatic and unchanging over time
According to Lenin, matter is defined as:
Everything that can be seen and touched
A philosophical category denoting objective reality independent of human consciousness, which in sensation is copied, recorded, and reflected by our sensations, and exists independently of sensation
Everything that exists in human consciousness
All natural phenomena that can be measured
In Lenin’s definition of matter, the phrase “objective reality” means:
The world existing in human thought
What exists outside and independent of human consciousness
The world created by consciousness
The synthesis of spiritual phenomena
V.I. Lenin presented his definition of matter in which work?
Materialism and Empirio-criticism
Philosophical Notebooks
Anti-Dühring
Dialectics of Nature
What was Lenin’s direct purpose in proposing the definition of matter?
To criticize ancient materialism
To struggle against subjective idealism and agnosticism
To build a doctrine of human society
To explain the origin of consciousness
What is new in Lenin’s definition of matter compared with earlier materialists?
It is linked with achievements of natural science
It is sentimental
It is purely experimental
It confines matter to the field of physics
According to Marxist–Leninist philosophy, what is motion?
Change of an object’s position in space
All change in general, including change of position and internal transformations of things
A purely mechanical displacement process
A natural phenomenon caused by energy
V.I. Lenin affirmed: “Motion is the mode of existence of matter,” which means:
Matter and motion are separate
Motion appears only when there is consciousness
Matter exists by moving; no matter stands absolutely still
Motion is a product of human thought
Why is “rest” said to be only a relative state of matter?
Because rest is a special form of motion
Because rest is merely temporary equilibrium within a specific form of motion, while matter continues to move at other levels
Because rest is a sensory phenomenon, not real
Because rest is a product of subjective sensation
Into how many basic forms does Marxist–Leninist philosophy divide the motion of matter?
3
4
Which form of motion is considered the highest form of the motion of matter?
Mechanical motion
Chemical motion
Physical motion
Social motion
According to dialectical materialism, what is the natural origin of consciousness?
The spiritual world of humans
The human brain – the most highly organized product of nature
Emotions and instincts
Mental activity of animals
In the social formation of consciousness, which factor plays the decisive role?
Language and labor
Biological heredity
Instinctive communication
The nervous system
Why does labor play a decisive role in the formation of consciousness?
Because through labor, humans directly interact with the material world, compelling thought and creating civilization
Because labor helps humans develop emotions
Because labor is merely a survival trait
Because labor is only a means of communication
What role does language have with respect to consciousness?
It is a conduit for transmitting emotions
It is a material means of thought, helping humans conceptualize reality and preserve social experience
It manifests spiritual energy
It is a factor of biological evolution
How did idealist philosophers explain the origin of consciousness?
From the material world and practical activity
By a supernatural spiritual energy or an “absolute idea”
Through a natural evolutionary process
Through the species development of humankind
According to dialectical materialism, in the relationship between matter and consciousness, what role does matter play?
It determines consciousness
It depends on consciousness
It is equal to consciousness
It has no relation to consciousness
Why does matter come before consciousness?
Because matter exists objectively, while consciousness is a reflection of matter in the human brain
Because consciousness is a spontaneous spiritual product
Because consciousness originates from matter but precedes it
Because the position and nature of consciousness are equal to matter
What role does practice play in the relationship between matter and consciousness?
It is the foundation, driving force, and goal of cognition
It is purely mental activity
It is a neutral bridge between consciousness and matter
It is the form of existence of consciousness
What is the significance of recognizing matter in cognition and practical activity?
It helps people distinguish thought from reality
It guides correct recognition of consciousness by objective laws, avoiding voluntarism and subjectivism
It makes people value emotions over reason
It causes thought to become negative and stagnant
The dialectical materialist view of the role of matter helps overcome which limitation of other schools of thought?
The view that consciousness gives birth to matter
The view that matter is a static essence
The dualist view that separates matter from consciousness
Idealism claims consciousness creates matter, while old materialism reduces matter to mass, inertia or kinetic energy bound to objects
According to dialectical materialism, what is a “connection” (mối liên hệ)?
A separation of objects and phenomena
Interaction and transformation among objects and phenomena
Independent existence of objects
Random change in phenomena
What is a “universal connection”?
A connection only in nature
A connection only in human society
A connection that exists among all things and phenomena in nature, society, and thought
A connection created by humans
What is the basis of the principle of universal connection?
The objective interconnectedness of the world
The diversity of human cognition
The role of consciousness
Randomness in nature
How are connections among objects and phenomena expressed?
By acting on one another and transforming one another
By absolute independence
By unchanging states
By one-way, non-feedback relations
What does the objectivity of connections mean?
Connections exist by human regulation
Connections have a basic nature independent of human consciousness
Connections exist only in the mind
The network of connections is created by humans
How is the existence of connections shown?
They exist in all fields of the material world
They exist only in society
They do not exist in thought
They are created by human consciousness
How is the diversity and richness of connections expressed?
All connections are the same
Connections differ in content, form, nature, and role
Connections occur only in nature
Connections do not change over time
What is an internal connection of a thing?
A relation among aspects or elements within the same object
A relation among different objects
The principle of universal connection helps people recognize objects from which viewpoint?
One-sided and isolated
Comprehensive, systemic, and focused
Emotional and experiential
Random and arbitrary
In practical activity, the holistic viewpoint requires:
Considering objects in their basic connections and identifying the core interactions
Focusing only on one outstanding factor
Removing objective factors
Solving problems by subjective decision
According to dialectical materialism, what is “development”?
Movement rising from lower to higher, from simple to complex
Random change without laws
Static existence without motion
Repetition in closed cycles
What is the nature of development?
A process of change in natural things
A process with direction and a trend toward the new and more advanced
A change toward closed cycles
A return to the initial state
What is the source of development of things?
Internal contradictions within things
Influence of external factors
Intervention of supernatural forces
Absence of contradictions
How does development differ from metaphysical change?
By viewing objects in a static state
By being only gradual accumulation without leaps
By viewing objects in relationships and continuous transformation
By viewing objects as immutable and unmoving
What shows the objective nature of development?
It is determined by human consciousness
Development is inherent to things and phenomena
Development exists only in cognition
Development depends on mental factors
What is the general trend of development?
From lower to higher, from incomplete to more perfect
Toward lower states
Without a definite direction
In closed cycles
What is the developmental curve according to dialectics?
A straight line
A spiral that repeats the old at a higher level
A cycle repeating the original state
Without rule
What does “negation of negation” mean?
Complete elimination of the old
Inheritance and selective absorption of the positive aspects of the old within the new
Repetition of the old state
Random replacement between states
A dialectical viewpoint on development in cognition requires:
Viewing objects in the process of motion and continuous change
Paying attention only to the current state at one moment
Viewing objects as fixed entities
Separating objects from their history
In practice, applying the principle of development helps people:
Predict the trends of motion of things to act proactively
Preserve the status quo
Retain outdated elements
Treat all changes as random
