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WorksheetsChapter 3-: Polarity and Hydrogen Bonding
Total questions: 17
Worksheet time: 9mins
In a water molecule, which regions carry partial charges due to polarity?
Oxygen partial negative, hydrogens partial positive
Hydrogens partial negative, oxygen strongly positive
Both oxygen and hydrogens neutral overall
Oxygen partial positive, hydrogens partial negative
Which interaction primarily causes water’s cohesion among its molecules?
Ionic attractions between ions
Hydrogen bonds between molecules
Van der Waals forces only
Covalent bonds within molecules
In plants, how does cohesion help move water from roots to leaves against gravity?
Cohesion pulls a continuous column upward
Cohesion increases vessel diameter
Cohesion evaporates water in roots
Cohesion compresses dissolved gases
Which statement best distinguishes cohesion from adhesion in water?
Cohesion is sticking to other substances; adhesion is self-attraction
Both mean resisting temperature change
Cohesion is self-attraction; adhesion is sticking to other substances
Both mean sticking to other substances
Why can some animals stand or run on water without breaking the surface?
Water is denser than air
Water has unusually low surface tension
Water forms ionic networks at the surface
Water has greater surface tension than most liquids
Which unit equals the amount of heat needed to raise 1 g of water by 1°C?
Joule (J)
Calorie (cal)
Kilocalorie (kJ)
Degree (°C)
Which statement explains water’s ability to absorb or release large heat with little temperature change?
Water has strong ionic bonds
Water has low specific heat
Water has high specific heat
Water lacks hydrogen bonds
Why does water resist temperature changes according to molecular interactions?
Ionic attractions accelerate molecules
Hydrogen bonds require heat input to break
Van der Waals forces increase average speed
Covalent bonds easily form at high heat
Which process describes molecules escaping a liquid to become gas when they overcome attractions between molecules?
Condensation of vapor molecules
Sublimation of solid particles
Vaporization of liquid molecules
Precipitation from solution
Why does heating a liquid increase the rate of evaporation?
It raises solvent polarity
It lowers hydrogen bond strength
It decreases average kinetic energy
It increases average kinetic energy
Water’s heat of vaporization is relatively high mainly because
Hydrogen bonds must be broken
Ionic bonds form in vapor
Covalent bonds are weak
Van der Waals forces dominate
Which statement best explains evaporative cooling?
Evaporation removes least energetic molecules
Cooling occurs due to increased salinity
Evaporation removes most energetic molecules
Cooling happens when vapor condenses
Steam burns are severe primarily because
Steam contains dissolved salts
Condensing steam releases heat to skin
Skin absorbs less heat from vapor
Steam is hotter than boiling water
Match each term to its correct role in a solution.
Solvent
Dissolving agent
Solute
Substance that is dissolved
Aqueous solution
Solution where water is solvent
Why is water considered an effective, versatile solvent?
Its nonpolar covalent bonds
Its high vapor pressure
Its polarity and hydrogen bonding
Its crystalline solid structure
Which change would most likely decrease evaporative cooling at a pond’s surface?
Higher wind speed over water
Lower water temperature at surface
Lower air humidity above water
Stronger sunlight at midday
Most biological fluids have pH in what range?
Between 1 and 3
Between 10 and 12
Exactly 7
Between 6 and 8
