Worksheets8.1 PART 2
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 33mins
Optimization of energy consumption focuses on:
Increasing heat losses.
Rational use of thermal energy.
Uncontrolled equipment operation.
Reducing insulation.
Increasing downtime.
In system analysis, feedback is needed to:
Remove safety controls.
Correct deviations in real time.
Increase random operation.
Reduce data accuracy.
Increase energy use.
A key advantage of system analysis is:
Narrowing scope to a single variable.
Considering complex interactions holistically.
Controlling mass flow.
Eliminating data collection.
Calculation of conversion only.
A mathematical model allows prediction of:
Weather patterns only.
Process behavior under given conditions.
Human activity.
Geological faults.
Electrical conductivity of metals.
In rectification, trays or packings provide:
Sound insulation.
Vapor–liquid contact surface.
Cooling of air.
Metal strengthening.
Chemical polymerization.
Pressure increase in absorption generally:
Reduces gas solubility.
Increases gas solubility.
Has no effect on absorption.
Changes in structure of absorbent.
Causes crystallization.
Adsorption capacity increases with:
Reduced surface area.
Increased surface area.
High salt concentration.
Low porosity.
Strong electrical charge.
Aromatic extraction efficiency depends on:
Random temperature fluctuations.
Solvent selectivity.
Air humidity.
Metal concentration.
Container shape.
Hydrocracking requires:
High hydrogen pressure.
Low vacuum levels.
Oxidation atmosphere.
Strong acid absorbents.
No catalyst.
In the Claus process, the main reaction converts:
H2S to methane.
H2S to elemental sulfur.
H2S to CO2.
H2S to SO3.
H2S to nitrogen.
Heat exchange efficiency improves when:
Fouling decreases.
Fouling increases.
Temperature gradient decreases.
Pressure is zero.
Flow is stagnant.
Minimizing energy consumption requires:
Uninsulated pipes.
Effective heat recovery.
High thermal losses.
Unstable operation.
Constant cooling.
In absorption, the driving force for mass transfer is:
Mass difference.
Concentration gradient.
Gas vibration.
Liquid viscosity change.
pH level.
A process is considered optimal when:
Maximum resources are wasted.
Cost and efficiency are balanced.
Only energy is minimized.
Operation is uncontrolled.
Reaction time is maximal.
Adsorption on activated carbon occurs through:
Chemical burning.
Physical adsorption forces.
Magnetic alignment.
Ionization.
Electrolysis.
Zeolites are widely used due to:
High density.
Selective ion-exchange properties.
Low porosity.
Inertness in water.
Random absorption.
Material balance allows calculation of:
Light reflection.
Input and output mass flows.
Electrical resistance.
Corrosion rate.
Acoustic noise.
Thermal balance helps determine:
Heat losses and heat distribution.
Fuel odor.
Electrical conductivity.
Steam dryness.
Air humidity.
System analysis contributes to:
Identifying isolated variables only.
Improving overall process performance.
Removing heat exchangers.
Increasing randomness in operation.
Decreasing data reliability.
Effective rectification depends on:
Complete mixing.
Achieving counter-current flow.
External cooling.
High viscosity of liquids.
Uneven temperature distribution.
Gas absorption is intensified by:
Reducing surface area.
Increasing contact surface.
Lowering concentration gradients.
Decreasing turbulence.
Stopping circulation.
Adsorption is most effective when:
Temperature is excessively high.
Adsorbent pores are large and uniform.
Adsorbent is melted.
Gas pressure is zero.
Flow is stagnant.
Energy optimization in processes aims to:
Increase thermal losses.
Reduce unnecessary heat consumption.
Increase random heating.
Narrow temperature gradients.
Increase cooling demand.
Mathematical modeling supports:
Optimization of technological parameters.
Cleaning of equipment.
Noise suppression.
Visual alignment.
Changing controlled variables.
Causes of failure in absorption equipment include:
Channeling and reduced contact area.
Excessive pressure of fluid flow.
High transparency.
Outer wall integrity.
Glass clarity.
Parameter control in automation is based on:
Sensor feedback.
Position of valves.
Types of indicators.
Manual visual inspection only.
Controller output.
Heat exchanger operating mode depends primarily on:
Flow rates and temperature differences.
External force.
Pipe diameter.
Ambient noise.
Operator actions.
Material balance calculation ensures:
Conservation of mass flows.
Removal of corrosion.
Conservation of energy flows.
Increase in viscosity.
Elimination of pressure gauges.
Heat balance calculation determines:
Distribution of heat flows.
Degree of crystallization.
Radiographic density.
Surface roughness.
Emission intensity.
Distillation column balance requires:
Determining vapor and liquid flows.
Only measuring temperature.
Increasing tower height.
Lowering column foundation.
Adding inert gases.
Sensors in process automation are used to:
Measure technological parameters.
Change vessel geometry.
Adjust product packaging.
Increase insulation thickness.
Monitor noise.
Controllers in automation systems are responsible for:
Regulating parameters automatically.
Painting equipment surfaces.
Storing raw materials.
Ventilation of rooms.
Manual measurement only.
SCADA systems allow:
Centralized monitoring and control.
Formation of corrosion layers.
Manual-only operation.
Irregular heating.
Permanent shutdown of automation.
Adjustment of an automated distillation unit requires:
Tuning control loops.
Random valve movements.
Lowering all temperatures.
Removing flow meters.
Disconnecting sensors.
Correction of process regimes is based on:
Analysis of experimental data.
Daily reports.
Quality standards.
Routine volume measurements.
Cylinder shape.
Failures in rectification often occur due to:
Flooding or weeping of trays.
Excessive product flow pressure.
Strong magnetic fields.
Random pressure decreases.
Excessive feed flow pressure.
Absorption process failures may result from:
Poor gas–liquid contact.
High absorbent viscosity only.
Excessive product aroma.
Chemical corrosion occurs due to:
Reaction with aggressive media
Low electrical voltage
Pressure fluctuations
Surface gloss
External sound
Thermal corrosion results from:
High temperatures causing metal degradation
Light heating
Small vibrations
Cold water contact
Manual cleaning
Heat exchanger failure commonly results from:
Fouling and reduced heat transfer
Random vibrations
Viscosity changes in working fluid
Low noise
Flow meter calibration
Defect prevention in chemical production requires:
Regular inspection and maintenance
Removing all sensors
Avoiding monitoring equipment
Random shutdowns
Increasing corrosion intentionally
Risk management in technological processes includes:
Identification and minimization of hazards
Increasing uncertainties
Avoiding documentation
Lowering reliability
Reducing alarms
Causes of defective products often include:
Deviations in process parameters
Feed temperature
Product shape
Product properties
Residence time
Accident prevention measures involve:
Implementing protective systems
Increasing pressure limits
Removing emergency valves
Raising temperature with control
Installation of alarms
Mathematical model construction begins with:
Formulation of initial assumptions
Measurement of equipment integrity
Adjustment of noise levels
Modifying vessel thickness
Lowering feed viscosity
Pressure regulation is influenced mainly by:
Valve position and gas flow
External humidity
Wall thickness
Lighting level
Noise vibration
Temperature rise in reactors is controlled by:
Coolant flow adjustment
Reflecting panels
Electrical wiring type
Ambient temperature only
Flammability of surfaces
Heat balance deviations often indicate:
Increased thermal losses
High mechanical strength
Good corrosion resistance
Ideal efficiency
Improved structure
Distillation column inefficiency is often caused by:
Incorrect reflux ratio
Outer surface corrosion
Column height
Number of plates
Pipe insulation thickness
Absorption process efficiency increases with:
Larger contact surface
Reduced pressure
Irregular mixing
High absorbent crystallization
Random heating
Corrosion rates increase due to:
High temperature and aggressive media
Pipeline transparency
Random painting
Low pH measurement accuracy
Noise vibration only
Preventing equipment failure includes:
Monitoring temperature and pressure
Ignoring automatic controls
Reducing inspection frequency
Allowing uncontrolled heating
Removing safety devices
Risk minimization requires:
Early detection of process deviations
Lowering monitoring precision
Reducing data collection
Increasing randomness
Ignoring pressure limits
Defective product formation is reduced by:
Maintaining stable operating parameters
Decreasing monitoring accuracy
Reducing control loops
Randomly changing flows
Avoiding calibration
Mathematical models help evaluate:
Process parameter influence
Product quality
Noise level
Shape of vessel
Process automation
Heat exchangers operate efficiently when:
Heat transfer surfaces are clean
Noise is minimal
Fluids are viscous
Flow rates are high
External heat is applied
Pressure deviations in rectification lead to:
Incorrect boiling points
Higher corrosion resistance
Reduced viscosity
Lower thermal conductivity
Increased vapour saturation
Automation improves:
Stability and accuracy of processes
Productivity
Product quality
Selection of process
Conversion of feed
Heat balance must include:
All heat inputs and outputs
Only internal reactions
External impact
Hess Law
Le-Chatelier principle
Risk analysis includes:
Identifying possible failure scenarios
Measuring equipment width
Lowering pressure limits
Changing insulation thickness
Reducing process control
Heat exchanger fouling leads to:
Lower heat transfer coefficient
Increased visual clarity
Reduced corrosion
Improved heat flow
Lower temperature gradient
Correcting technological regimes requires:
Comparing actual and expected data
Visual inspection and diagnostics
Reducing measurement frequency
Increasing random fluctuations
Removing foulings
Distillation column operation depends on:
Stable temperature and pressure profiles
Surface decoration
External air flow
Reduction of feed viscosity only
Increasing vessel brightness
Corrosion prevention can be achieved by:
Using protective coatings
Lowering monitoring reliability
Increasing thermal load
Reducing pressure control
Prevention of leaks
Accident prevention requires:
Regular inspection and protective systems
Removing alarm systems
Lowering safety margins
Continuously increasing flows
Recording pressure deviations
