A psychologist studying how a person processes and retrieves information is focusing on which processes?

What is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes called?

Which of the following is an educated guess or a testable prediction about a specific behavior?

What do we call a set of assumptions used to explain phenomena and offered for scientific study?

A researcher conducting a study simply to find out more about the brain's reaction is engaged in:

Using psychological principles to solve immediate, practical problems, such as workplace morale, is:

What is the systematic, general approach to gathering information and answering questions called?

Which early psychologist used introspection to map out the basic elements of consciousness?

What method involves a patient self-reporting their own internal thoughts and feelings?

Which type of psychologist studies how mental processes help people and animals adapt?

A psychologist who believes that unconscious motivations and childhood control behavior is a:

Which perspective focuses strictly on observable actions rather than internal mental states?

Which perspective emphasizes that each person has freedom in achieving personal growth?

A psychologist focusing on how we process, store, and use information is a:

A scientist who studies how physical and chemical changes influence behavior is a:

What is the general term for a person trained to observe, analyze, and evaluate behavior?

Which specialist focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of severe emotional disorders?

A professional who helps people with problems of everyday life, such as marriage, is a:

Which professional is a medical doctor who can prescribe medication for mental health?

A psychologist who studies the changes that occur throughout a person's life is a:

Which specialist would work on improving teaching methods and materials for schools?

A psychologist designing a preventive program for a neighborhood clinic is a:

Which professional applies psychological principles to improve workplace productivity?

A psychologist who performs research to understand how the sensory system works is a:

What is the small group of participants, out of the total number available, that researchers study?

Watching a group of chimpanzees in the wild without interfering is which method?

Which research method involves an intensive investigation of a single individual?

A research method that obtains information by asking many people fixed questions is a:

Which study follows the same group of people at regular intervals over many years?

Comparing the memory skills of 20, 40, and 60-year-olds all at the same time is a:

Which term describes the measure of a relationship between two sets of data?

In an experiment, any factor that is capable of change is known as a(n):

The group of participants to which an independent variable is applied is the:

The group treated the same as others except the independent variable is not applied is the:

When researcher expectations cause a person to act in ways that confirm those expectations:

An experiment where participants are unaware of the treatment, but the researcher knows, is:

An experiment where neither the researcher nor the participants know who received treatment is:

A change in behavior resulting from a belief that a treatment will have an effect is the:

What is the ability of a test to give the same results under similar conditions?

The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure is known as:

A ranking of test scores that indicates the ratio of scores lower or higher than a specific score is the:

Standards of comparison for test results developed by giving the test to large groups are:

The ability to acquire new ideas, behaviors, and to adapt to new situations is:

Which theory suggests intelligence is composed of general (g) and specific (s) abilities?

Robert Sternberg’s theory involving analytical, creative, and practical thinking is the:

The ability to perceive and understand emotions to use in decision making is:

What is the standardized measure of intelligence where 100 is typically average?

Which term refers to the degree to which a characteristic is related to genetic factors?

An aspect of a test in which the wording may be more familiar to one social group than another:

Which type of assessment measures a person's traits, values, and psychological problems?

A personality test with a limited or forced-choice format, such as the MMPI, is a(n):

Which type of test requires a person to interpret ambiguous stimuli to reveal feelings?

Which famous psychoanalyst focused on the role of unconscious motives and childhood?

Who developed the theory of the collective unconscious and universal archetypes?

According to Freud, what is the part of the mind containing material we are unaware of?

In Freud’s theory, what is the reservoir of urges that seeks immediate gratification?

Which part of the personality is in touch with reality and strives to meet demands socially?

What is the part of the personality that is the source of conscience and inhibits impulses?

What are the specific methods the ego uses to avoid facing emotions that cause anxiety?

Jung’s concept of the mind containing inherited memories common to all humans is the:

An inherited idea, based on ancestral experiences, that shapes one's perception is a(n):

Alfred Adler's term for a pattern of avoiding feelings of inadequacy rather than overcoming them:

Which researcher is famous for experiments involving salivating dogs and conditioning?

Which psychologist founded behaviorism and conducted the 'Little Albert' experiment?

Which behaviorist is best known for developing operant conditioning and reinforcement?

Which psychologist is the main proponent of social learning theory and modeling?

A learning procedure in which associations are made between neutral and unconditioned stimuli:

A stimulus that does not initially elicit any part of an unconditioned response is a(n):

An event that elicits a certain predictable response without previous training is a(n):

What is an organism’s automatic or natural reaction to a specific stimulus?

An once-neutral event that elicits a given response after a period of training is a(n):

What is the learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus called?

Responding similarly to a range of similar stimuli is the process of:

The ability to respond differently to similar but distinct stimuli is known as:

The gradual disappearance of a conditioned response when the CS is presented without the UCS:

Which psychological school focuses strictly on observable and measurable behaviors?

The occurrence of rewards or punishments following particular behaviors is called:

Learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished, resulting in behavioral changes:

A stimulus or event that increases the likelihood that a preceding behavior will be repeated:

A stimulus that is naturally rewarding, such as food or water, is a:

A stimulus such as money that becomes rewarding through its link with a primary reinforcer:

A schedule where reinforcement depends on a specified quantity of responses, such as every 4th:

A schedule where reinforcement occurs after an unpredictable number of responses:

A schedule where reinforcement occurs after a specified amount of time has elapsed:

A schedule where reinforcement occurs after changing amounts of time have passed:

The technique in which the desired behavior is molded by first rewarding any similar act:

Learned reactions that follow one another in sequence, each triggering the next, is a:

The process of influencing behavior by means of unpleasant stimuli is:

Increasing a behavior by removing or preventing an unpleasant stimulus is:

Training an organism to remove or terminate an unpleasant stimulus is:

Training an organism to respond so as to prevent the occurrence of an unpleasant stimulus:

Learning that occurs by observing and imitating the behavior of others is:

Learning that focuses on how information is obtained, processed, and organized is:

A mental picture of spatial relationships or relationships between events is a:

Learning that is not demonstrated by an immediate change in behavior at the time of learning:

A condition where a person believes they cannot change a situation after repeated failure:

Learning by imitating others or copying behavior is:

The systematic application of learning principles to change people's actions and feelings:

A system where desirable behavior is reinforced with valueless objects that can be exchanged:

Which humanist is known for the hierarchy of needs and the concept of self-actualization?

Which humanist emphasized unconditional positive regard and the 'fully functioning' person?

Which psychological school emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of potential?

The humanistic term for realizing one's unique potential is:

One's experience or image of oneself, developed through interaction with others, is the:

The humanistic term for viewing oneself in a positive light due to positive feedback:

The conditions a person must meet in order to regard themselves positively are:

Perception that individuals' significant others value them for what they are, without limit:

Rogers' term for an individual whose person and self coincide, allowing for growth:

An internal state that activates behavior and directs it toward a goal is:

Innate, fixed patterns of behavior in response to certain stimuli are:

A biological or psychological requirement of an organism is a:

A state of tension produced by a need that motivates an organism toward a goal is a:

The tendency of all organisms to correct imbalances and return to a normal internal state:

An external stimulus, reinforcer, or reward that motivates behavior is a(n):

Motivation to engage in activities for external rewards or to avoid punishment:

Motivation to engage in activities because they are personally rewarding or fulfill our beliefs:

The part of the hypothalamus that produces hunger signals is the:

The part of the hypothalamus that can cause one to stop eating when stimulated is the:

In Maslow's hierarchy, biological necessities like food and sleep are:

Needs such as the urge to belong, to give and receive love, and to acquire esteem are:

The pursuit of knowledge and beauty or whatever is required for the realization of potential:

A person’s reaction to a stressor, including both physical and psychological responses:

A state of increased physiological arousal that prepares the body for action is:

Hans Selye’s three-stage model of the body’s physical reaction to stress:

A stress-producing event or situation is a:

The physical, psychological, and behavioral response to a stressor is a:

Stress that stems from acute anxiety or pressure and can take a harsh toll on the body:

Positive stress, which results from motivating strivings and challenges:

A situation in which a person must choose between two or more options that result in tension:

A vague, generalized apprehension or feeling that one is in danger:

An emotional response characterized by strong resentment or irritation is:

The usual reaction when a stressor involves real or imagined danger is:

Information that leads someone to believe they are cared for and part of a network:

What is the handbook used by mental health professionals to classify mental disorders?

An intense and irrational fear of a particular object or situation is a:

An extreme anxiety that manifests itself in the form of sudden and unexplainable attacks of fear:

Disorder in which victims of traumatic events experience the event again in flashbacks:

Condition in which there is no apparent physical cause for actual physical symptoms:

Changing emotional difficulties into a loss of a specific voluntary body function:

A disorder in which a person experiences alterations in memory, identity, or consciousness:

The inability to recall important personal events or information; usually associated with stress:

A dissociative disorder in which a person suddenly and unexpectedly travels away from home:

A person exhibits two or more personality states, each with its own patterns and thinking:

A group of disorders characterized by confused and disconnected thoughts, emotions, and perceptions:

False beliefs that a person maintains in the face of contrary evidence:

Perceptions that have no direct external cause, such as hearing voices:

Severe form of lowered mood in which a person experiences feelings of worthlessness:

Disorder in which an individual alternates between feelings of mania and depression: