Worksheets15/01/2026 AE_ EE- WATER DEMAND, POPULATION FORECASTING
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 5mins
Which of the following statements provides the most accurate engineering reason for not recommending chemically pure H2O for long-term public consumption?
Pure water has a high pH, making it alkaline and unsuitable for digestion.
The absence of dissolved minerals makes the water corrosive to piping systems and unpalatable.
Pure water cannot be effectively chlorinated, posing a risk of re-contamination in the distribution network.
Its high density increases pumping costs significantly compared to mineralized water.
A water supply scheme is designed for a town with a population of 150,000 and an average daily water consumption of 200 LPCD. What is the maximum hourly demand that the distribution system must be designed to handle?
30 MLD
54 MLD
81 MLD
121.5 MLD
A new hospital with 150 beds is being constructed. What is the estimated daily water demand for this institution?
51,000 liters
67,500 liters
27,000 liters
20,250 liters
Consider the following statements: • Statement 1: Palatable water is always safe for drinking. • Statement 2: Wholesome water is always potable. Which of the statements is/are correct?
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
A water supply system is being designed for a city with a population of 250,000. What would be the appropriate peak factor to use for this design?
3.0
2.7
2.5
2.0
The underlying mathematical logic for using the square root of population ( P ) in empirical fire demand formulas like Kuichling's and Buston's is that:
Fire risk increases exponentially with population, which is linearized by the square root function.
The pipe network's capacity is proportional to the square root of the area it serves.
Fire risk increases with population but at a diminishing rate, a relationship effectively modeled by the square root function.
The pressure required to fight fires is proportional to the square root of the population density.
A city with an average daily demand of 100 MLD requires a new pumping station and treatment units. To account for maintenance, breakdowns, and emergency operations, what should be the design capacity for these components?
150 MLD
180 MLD
200 MLD
270 MLD
Which forecasting method is most suitable for a new town where local historical population data is insufficient, but data from similar, more established cities is available?
Incremental Increase Method
Simple Graphical Method
Decreasing Growth Rate Method
Comparative Graphical Method
Evaluate the following Assertion and Reason:
Assertion (A): Small towns generally have a higher peak factor than large cities.
Reason (R): Small towns have more synchronized daily routines that produce concentrated morning and evening peaks, whereas large cities mix residential, commercial, and industrial users with varied schedules, smoothing overall demand and lowering the peak factor.
Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
A is true, but R is false.
A is false, but R is true.
Both A and R are false.
In the context of water supply systems, what is the primary reason for incorporating a safety factor in the design capacity of treatment plants?
To accommodate fluctuations in daily water demand and unexpected emergencies.
To reduce the overall cost of construction.
To account for potential increases in population over time.
To ensure compliance with environmental regulations.
