WorksheetsChem of Life & Water #2
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 28mins
Matter is defined as anything that
is alive
has energy
has mass and takes up space
can dissolve in water
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Electron
Neutron
Proton
Ion
Which set correctly represents the main elements of life?
CHNOPS
CHOPS
CHMOPS
PHONICS
Valence electrons are important because they
determine atomic mass
determine how atoms bond
determine the element’s name
are found in the nucleus
Atoms bond primarily in order to
increase mass
gain protons
become more stable
become radioactive
An ionic bond forms when
electrons are shared equally
electrons are shared unequally
electrons are transferred
hydrogen bonds form
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is best classified as a
polar covalent compound
nonpolar molecule
ionic compound
hydrogen-bonded compound
Which bond type is weakest individually but critical in biology and powerful in numbers?
Ionic
Covalent
Hydrogen
Metallic
Ice floats because
it is colder than liquid water
hydrogen bonds keep molecules farther apart
it is nonpolar
it contains fewer hydrogen atoms
Isotopes of an element differ in their number of
protons
electrons
neutrons
valence electrons
Which property of water is caused by hydrogen bonding?
High density of ice
Low surface tension
Cohesion
Reactivity
Carbon-14 differs from Carbon-12 because it
has a different atomic number
has a different number of neutrons
is a different element
has different electrons
Which type of radiation consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons and is known to be heavy and slow moving?
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Neutron
Alpha radiation is most dangerous when it
touches the skin
passes through paper
is inhaled or ingested
is blocked by clothing
Radon gas is hazardous because it
emits gamma rays in the lungs and cannot be seen, smelled, or tasted
dissolves easily in water
releases alpha particles in the lungs and cannot be seen, smelled, or tasted
is man-made
Beta radiation is best described as
a helium nucleus
pure energy
a fast-moving electron
a proton
Carbon-14 dating is useful because
it decays unpredictably
it is found only in rocks
it has a known half-life that helps us accurately date fossils
it emits gamma radiation for cancer treatment
Gamma radiation differs from alpha and beta because it
has mass
has charge
is pure energy
is easily stopped by paper
Half-life refers to the time required for
all atoms to decay
half of the atoms to decay
radiation to stop
an isotope to become stable instantly
Concentration is best defined as
the total volume of liquid
the amount of solute in a solvent
the pH of a solution
the number of molecules in a cell
A solution with a high H+ concentration will have a
high pH
low pH
neutral pH
basic pH
The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning
it increases evenly
each unit change equals a 10× change in H+
pH can only change by whole numbers
pH measures strength, not concentration
A buffer’s primary function is to
neutralize all acids
speed up reactions
resist changes in pH
remove H+ permanently
Normal human blood pH is closest to
6.8
7.0
7.4
8.2
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus in water most directly cause
clearer water
eutrophication
increased oxygen
higher biodiversity
Seagrasses are essential because they provide habitat and oxygen for aquatic life.
True
False
Decomposing algae can increase carbon dioxide levels in water.
True
False
Ocean acidification results from increased atmospheric CO2 dissolving in seawater.
True
False
Florida’s sandy soil can allow nutrients and pollutants to move through it easily.
True
False
Buffers allow pH to change rapidly in organisms.
True
False
The Indian River Lagoon supports one of the most biologically diverse estuaries in North America.
True
False
Select all correct answers: Which are properties of water caused by hydrogen bonding?
Cohesion
Adhesion
High specific heat
Ability to form ionic bonds
Select all correct answers: Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Ions
Select all correct answers: Which can contribute to eutrophication in Florida waterways?
Fertilizer runoff
Wastewater/sewage
Excess nutrients
Increased dissolved oxygen
Select all correct answers: Which effects are associated with eutrophication?
Algal blooms
Fish kills
Increased water clarity
Oxygen depletion
Select all correct answers: Which statements about pH are correct?
Lower pH means higher H+ concentration
pH measures hydrogen ion concentration
pH changes linearly
Small pH changes can have large effects
What is an example of a buffer in living systems?
Bicarbonate in blood
Salt
Pure water
Intestinal tissue
Select all correct answers: Which human activities can negatively impact the Indian River Lagoon?
Fertilizer use
Septic leakage
Nutrient-rich runoff
Shellfish restoration
Zirconium has how many Protons?
Label the atom
negative
positive
neutral
What are potential negative impacts of ocean acidification?
Loss of coral barriers to protect the shoreline from waves and storms.
Loss of food sources for commercially
valuable species of fish.
It disrupts the food web and habitat availability.
It improves water quality and clarity
Which dissolved compound is responsible for lowering the pH of ocean water?
Na+
HCO3−
CO3 2−
H2CO3
A substance with a pH of 3 has how much more of an H+ concentration than one with a pH of 6?
10
100
3000
1000
How do scientists believe plant and animal life will be affected by increasing levels of acidity in the ocean?
there will be more food for them to eat, making it easier to survive
there will be less diversity in plants and animals, making survival more difficult
the earth will correct the problem itself and the oceans' biodiversity will remain the same
the plants and animals will adapt to the increasing acidity and continue to thrive in the oceans
Which of the following is not a way that carbon dioxide from the atmosphere end up in rivers and oceans?
acid rain
carbon cycle
ocean uptake
decaying fish
Why does the presence of carbonic acid cause water to become more acidic?
When the carbonic acid decays over time it secretes H+ into the water
The presence of carbonic acid eliminates all buffers by breaking their bonds
When it bumps into a water molecule, the water molecule will rip off one of it's hydrogens, creating H+
Carbonic acid steals H+ from the surrounding water, causing a concentration imbalance
When you hear something called a "molecule," you know that it is held together by a _________ bond.
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
sticky
a positive ion
has gained an electron
has lost an electron
a negative ion
has gained an electron
has lost an electron
How many electrons does an atom (other than He or H) need to be the most stable?
2
10
7
8
What are valence electrons?
The total number of electrons in an atom
The number of electrons in the outermost shell
The number of electrons in the second shell
The number of protons in the outermost shell
match the subatomic particle to it's best descriptor
protons
determine the atomic number and define the element
neutrons
add mass to the nucleus
electrons
determine how an atom bonds
maintaining stable internal conditions despite, or in response to, external conditions...
homeopathy
homeostasis
homeokinesis
homeotypical
