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PIPE ELEMENTS 4.1

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which component compresses the inlet air in a gas turbine?

a)

Turbine

b)

Diffuser

c)

Compressor

d)

Combustor

2.

Which turbine is installed for very low heads (2–10 m)?

a)

Kaplan or bulb turbine

b)

Francis turbine

c)

Impulse turbine

d)

Pelton wheel

3.

Which efficiency is defined as shaft power / water power available?

a)

Mechanical efficiency

b)

Turbine efficiency

c)

Overall efficiency

d)

Hydraulic efficiency

4.

Which parameter defines boiler pressure?

a)

Chimney draft

b)

Steam dryness fraction

c)

Pressure gauge reading

d)

Drum level

5.

Which section of HRSG has the highest metal temperature?

a)

Economizer

b)

Superheater

c)

Preheater

d)

Evaporator

6.

What is the primary energy conversion in a diesel power plant?

a)

Chemical to thermal to mechanical to electrical

b)

Thermal to chemical to electrical

c)

Mechanical to chemical to electrical

d)

Electrical to mechanical to thermal

7.

Which method reduces boiler tube overheating?

a)

Excess firing

b)

Proper circulation and water treatment

c)

High fouling

d)

Poor blowdown

8.

Which device is used to remove scale and sludge from boiler?

a)

Economizer

b)

Safety valve

c)

Fusible plug

d)

Blowdown valve

9.

Which parameter reduces steam turbine blade erosion?

a)

Lower steam temperature

b)

Reduced fuel flow

c)

Steam reheating to reduce moisture

d)

Higher condenser pressure

10.

Which method reduces stack losses?

a)

High exit gas temperature

b)

Poor combustion

c)

Proper excess air control

d)

Fuel rich firing

11.

Which loss occurs due to turbulence in water passage?

a)

Hydraulic loss

b)

Cavitation loss

c)

Generator loss

d)

Mechanical loss

12.

Which factor improves combined cycle plant part-load efficiency?

a)

Low HRSG pressure

b)

Variable inlet guide vanes in compressor

c)

Higher condenser pressure

d)

Excess water injection

13.

What is the effect of high coolant chloride content?

a)

No effect

b)

Increased corrosion and pitting

c)

Higher efficiency

d)

Reduced corrosion

14.

Which factor is used to compare actual gas turbine cycle efficiency with ideal cycle?

a)

Isentropic efficiency

b)

Mechanical efficiency

c)

Polytropic efficiency

d)

Overall cycle efficiency

15.

What is the function of a silencer (muffler) in diesel?

a)

To increase PF

b)

To attenuate exhaust noise and backpressure within limits

c)

To reduce electrical noise

d)

To filter fuel

16.

Which factor affects combined cycle plant flexibility?

a)

GT startup time and HRSG thermal stress

b)

Generator insulation

c)

Condenser scaling

d)

Fuel type only

17.

Which factor increases the mean effective pressure in an Otto cycle?

a)

Lower compression ratio

b)

Lower heat addition

c)

Higher exhaust pressure

d)

Higher compression ratio

18.

The LHV of natural gas is approximately

a)

55 MJ/kg

b)

28 MJ/kg

c)

15 MJ/kg

d)

45 MJ/kg

19.

Which device measures turbine inlet temperature?

a)

Tachometer

b)

Flowmeter

c)

Pressure gauge

d)

Thermocouple array

20.

Which type of dam is constructed using earth materials?

a)

Earthen dam

b)

Arch dam

c)

Rock-fill dam

d)

Gravity dam

21.

Which steam turbine stage produces maximum work?

a)

Low pressure turbine

b)

Last stage

c)

High pressure turbine

d)

Intermediate pressure turbine

22.

Which gas turbine component has the lowest isentropic efficiency?

a)

Compressor

b)

Turbine

c)

Combustor

d)

Diffuser

23.

The presence of tar in producer gas can cause:

a)

Higher calorific value

b)

Better combustion stability

c)

Fouling of downstream equipment

d)

Higher flame temperature

24.

Which cable size criterion is essential for generator feeders?

a)

Length only

b)

Manufacturer's logo

c)

Current rating, temperature rise, voltage drop, and fault level

d)

Color only

25.

Which parameter is improved most by combined cycle operation?

a)

Work ratio

b)

Thermal efficiency

c)

Specific speed

d)

Vibration factor

26.

Which system ensures emergency turbine cooling during trip?

a)

Turning gear and lube oil pump

b)

HRSG damper

c)

Vacuum breaker

d)

Feedwater pump

27.

Nitrogen oxides are mainly formed at

a)

Ambient temperature

b)

High flame temperature

c)

Below ignition temperature

d)

Low furnace temperature

28.

ASTM D240 is the standard test for

a)

Heat of combustion of liquid hydrocarbons

b)

Smoke point of kerosene

c)

Sodium in coal

d)

Flash point of oils

29.

The main cause of smoke in combustion is

a)

Low air content

b)

Insufficient air

c)

High hydrogen content

d)

Excess air

30.

What is the property of fuel that measures ignition quality in CI engines?

a)

Pour point

b)

Cetane number

c)

Octane number

d)

Autoignition temperature

31.

Which factor improves part-load efficiency of gas turbines?

a)

Variable geometry vanes and advanced controls

b)

Fixed geometry

c)

Reduced blade cooling

d)

Lower compression ratio

32.

The flammability limit of a gas is defined as

a)

Ash fusion temperature

b)

Moisture content of fuel

c)

Minimum and maximum concentration in air to sustain flame

d)

Temperature range for auto-ignition

33.

Which method increases plant capacity factor?

a)

Low load factor

b)

High outages

c)

Poor scheduling

d)

Better maintenance and high availability

34.

Which process occurs in the condenser?

a)

Isentropic expansion

b)

Isothermal heat rejection

c)

Constant volume heating

d)

Adiabatic compression

35.

Which dam type uses mass to resist water pressure?

a)

Buttress dam

b)

Rock-fill dam

c)

Arch dam

d)

Gravity dam

36.

Which condition can cause hunting in speed control?

a)

Balanced load

b)

Correct fuel pressure

c)

Stable governor tuning

d)

Improper governor PID/drop settings

37.

Which term defines energy per unit weight of water?

a)

Power

b)

Head

c)

Efficiency

d)

Flow rate

38.

Which section of boiler improves feedwater heating?

a)

Economizer

b)

Superheater

c)

Drum

d)

Evaporator

39.

Which parameter defines turbine bus test?

a)

Boiler efficiency

b)

Steam flow per MW

c)

Heat input per turbine output

d)

Fuel energy per kWh

40.

Which cycle is a modification of Rankine cycle with reheating?

a)

Reheat Rankine cycle

b)

Dual cycle

c)

Simple cycle

d)

Otto cycle

41.

The function of a burner register is to

a)

Control the air-fuel mixture and swirl

b)

Atomize the fuel

c)

Floor dust

d)

Ignite the flame

42.

What is the effect of proper working fluid on efficiency?

a)

Reduces efficiency

b)

Reduces turbine work

c)

No effect

d)

Increases cycle efficiency

43.

What is the purpose of inlet air heating in cold climates for gas turbines?

a)

To reduce emissions

b)

To prevent icing and compressor stall

c)

To improve regeneration

d)

To increase power output

44.

Which parameter increases turbine output?

a)

High steam enthalpy at inlet

b)

Low boiler temperature

c)

Wet steam inlet

d)

High condenser pressure

45.

Which safety device shuts down the boiler in case of low water level?

a)

Fusible plug

b)

Safety valve

c)

Blowdown valve

d)

Steam trap

46.

Which property is crucial for compressor blade materials?

a)

Low stiffness

b)

High strength-to-weight ratio

c)

High density

d)

High thermal conductivity

47.

What is the advantage of medium-speed diesels (300–1000 rpm) in power plants?

a)

Smaller footprint than high-speed

b)

Better efficiency and durability than high-speed

c)

Lower capex than slow-speed

d)

No need for foundation

48.

Which loss is highest in coal-fired boilers?

a)

Moisture loss

b)

Dry flue gas loss

c)

Ash loss

d)

Radiation loss

49.

Fixed carbon in coal contributes mainly to

a)

Ash fusion

b)

Char combustion and long flame

c)

High sulfur emissions

d)

Volatile gases

50.

What is the purpose of a steam bypass valve?

a)

To add oxygen to feedwater

b)

To maintain HRSG pressure during turbine trip

c)

To cool condenser feedwater

d)

To increase HRSG efficiency

51.

What is the primary function of the power turbine in industrial gas turbines?

a)

To compress air

b)

To cool exhaust gases

c)

To draw the generator or mechanical load

d)

To reduce fuel pressure

52.

Which factor increases Rankine cycle mean effective pressure?

a)

Low turbine inlet temperature.

b)

High boiler pressure and temperature.

c)

High condenser pressure.

d)

Poor regeneration

53.

Which factor improves steam turbine reliability?

a)

High condenser pressure

b)

Wet steam expansion

c)

Poor sealing

d)

Proper lubrication and alignment

54.

What is the governing equation for condensation on a vertical plate?

a)

Stefan's law

b)

Nusselt's theory

c)

Fourier's law

d)

Reynolds analogy

55.

What is the main limitation of gas turbines in base load?

a)

Long startup

b)

Large space requirement

c)

High fuel cost and lower efficiency compared to steam

d)

High water consumption

56.

Which system provides cooling water for condensers?

a)

Feedwater system

b)

Circulating water system

c)

Boiler drum

d)

Lubrication system

57.

Which component improves efficiency by preheating feedwater with bleed steam?

a)

Deaerator

b)

Economizer

c)

Superheater

d)

Feedwater heater

58.

Which turbine uses both pressure and velocity drop across blades?

a)

Gas turbine

b)

Pelton wheel

c)

Impulse turbine

d)

Reaction turbine

59.

Which starting method uses stored compressed air admitted to cylinder heads?

a)

Electric starter motor

b)

Hydraulic starter

c)

Air-start system

d)

Manual barring gear

60.

What is the effect of reheating in a gas turbine cycle?

a)

Increases specific work output.

b)

Lowers fuel consumption

c)

Reduces exhaust temperature.

d)

Decreases work output.

61.

What is the effect of intercooling on specific fuel consumption?

a)

Decreases

b)

Increases

c)

Doubles

d)

Remains constant

62.

Which cycle efficiency governs the maximum efficiency of a steam power plant?

a)

Carnot efficiency

b)

Rankine efficiency

c)

Otto efficiency

d)

Diesel efficiency

63.

Which device is used to regulate fuel quantity in common-rail systems?

a)

Needle lift spring only

b)

Mechanical governor

c)

Rail pressure control valve and electronic injectors

d)

Spill port

64.

Which factor limits the minimum stable load of a boiler?

a)

Water hardness

b)

Flame stability and heat transfer characteristics

c)

Fuel price

d)

Governor speed setting

65.

What is the purpose of blade cooling in gas turbines?

a)

To improve regeneration

b)

To prevent blade failure due to high temperatures

c)

To increase mass flow rate

d)

To reduce compressor work

66.

What is the purpose of a fuel day tank high-level alarm?

a)

To indicate low fuel

b)

To prevent overflow and spillage

c)

To signal filter blockage

d)

To test level switches

67.

Which property is improved by regenerative feed heating?

a)

Fuel calorific value

b)

Moisture content

c)

Plant thermal efficiency

d)

Condenser pressure

68.

What is the usual generator winding connection for three-phase output?

a)

Delta only

b)

Star (wye) or delta depending on voltage

c)

Series DC

d)

Open circuit

69.

Which parameter indicates alternator rotor field health?

a)

Lube oil pressure

b)

Fuel viscosity

c)

Field current and insulation resistance

d)

Starter current alone

70.

Which cycle modification reduces moisture at turbine exhaust?

a)

Reheating

b)

Regeneration

c)

Throttling

d)

Intercooling

71.

Which system controls dissolved oxygen in condensate?

a)

Condenser

b)

Steam turbine

c)

Deaerator

d)

Blowdown

72.

Which test verifies correct operation of protection relays?

a)

Oil sampling

b)

Primary injection/secondary injection tests

c)

Lead test only

d)

Bore scraping

73.

What is the main disadvantage of regeneration in gas turbines?

a)

Reduces efficiency

b)

Lowers power output

c)

Increases turbine inlet temperature

d)

Complicates the system and increases cost

74.

Which device regulates water flow to turbines?

a)

Governor-controlled guide vanes

b)

Gauge tank

c)

Spillway

d)

Draft tube

75.

Carbon black is produced by:

a)

Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons

b)

Reduction of CO2

c)

Oxidizing methane

d)

Condensation of flue gas

76.

What is the function of a combustor flame tube?

a)

To protect outer casing from high temperature

b)

To increase turbine work

c)

To reduce exhaust noise

d)

To cool intake air

77.

Which factor determines generator earthing method selection?

a)

System protection philosophy and fault levels

b)

Paint color

c)

Fuel viscosity

d)

Room size only

78.

Which control system regulates HRSG steam drum pressure?

a)

Feedwater control valve

b)

Pressure relief valve

c)

Governor

d)

Exhaust stack damper

79.

Which factor improves plant reliability?

a)

Scaling

b)

Preventive maintenance and condition monitoring

c)

Poor lubrication

d)

High outages

80.

What is the effect of increasing boiler pressure in a Rankine cycle (without changing condenser pressure)?

a)

Decreases efficiency

b)

No effect on efficiency

c)

Decreases turbine work

d)

Increases efficiency

81.

Which condition requires an immediate trip?

a)

Persistent low lube oil pressure

b)

Minor voltage fluctuation

c)

Slightly high coolant temperature

d)

Small EGT spread

82.

Which type of heat exchanger is commonly used in automotive radiators?

a)

Double-pipe

b)

Shell and tube

c)

Finned tube radiator

d)

Plate heat exchanger

83.

Which turbine uses nozzle and buckets for energy conversion?

a)

Kaplan turbine

b)

Turgo turbine

c)

Francis turbine

d)

Pelton wheel

84.

Which factor defines condenser effectiveness?

a)

Fuel calorific value

b)

Cooling water temperature rise / Steam condensing drop

c)

Steam dryness fraction

d)

Stack loss / Heat input

85.

Which application uses aeroderivative gas turbines extensively?

a)

Continuous base load

b)

Ship propulsion and peaking power

c)

Solar heating

d)

Nuclear backup

86.

What is the purpose of a free turbine in gas turbine plants?

a)

To provide independent power output without affecting compressor speed

b)

To increase temperature

c)

To compress more air

d)

To reduce fuel consumption

87.

Which section of HRSG has highest metal temperature?

a)

Economizer

b)

Superheater

c)

Condenser

d)

Preheater

88.

Which system rejects the largest fraction of waste heat in CCPP?

a)

HRSG stack

b)

Compressor intercooler

c)

Generator cooling

d)

Condenser

89.

What is the function of a starter motor in gas turbines?

a)

To cool air

b)

To reduce vibration

c)

To bring compressor to self-sustaining speed

d)

To generate electricity

90.

What is the typical exhaust gas temperatures from a gas turbine entering the HRSG?

a)

150–200 °C

b)

800–1000 °C

c)

Above 1200 °C

d)

300–500 °C

91.

Which protection trips turbine on overspeed?

a)

Fuel filter

b)

Governor

c)

Mechanical overspeed trip

d)

AVR

92.

What is the role of a combustor liner?

a)

To increase turbine work

b)

To cool turbine blades

c)

To provide stable flame and protect outer casing

d)

To filter air

93.

Which parameter should be checked before paralleling a standby generator with utility?

a)

Liner material

b)

Fuel pour point

c)

Permittivity agreement and protection settings

d)

TAN

94.

What is the function of the engine tachometer?

a)

To measure frequency directly

b)

To measure voltage

c)

To measure speed (rpm)

d)

To measure pressure

95.

What is the function of an intercooler in a multistage compressor?

a)

To reduce compression work

b)

To heat compressed air

c)

To decrease pressure ratio

d)

To increase turbine efficiency

96.

Which signal initiates governor action to counteract variable load changes?

a)

Speed or frequency deviation

b)

Turbine casing temperature

c)

Condenser pressure

d)

Fuel flow rate

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