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WorksheetsF3 Network devices and environments
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 37mins
what is the purpose of a router and how it stores addresses?
Explain
Network interface cards
What is the primary function of a hub in a network?
Broadcasting incoming frames to all connected ports without learning addresses
Forwarding frames only to the destination port based on a MAC address table
Segmenting networks at the data link layer to reduce collisions
Converting digital data to analog signals for ISP connections
What does a bridge do in a network?
Connects and filters traffic between network segments at layer 2 using MAC addresses
Broadcasts every frame to all devices regardless of destination
Routes packets between different IP networks using routing tables
Converts digital signals to analog for telephone lines
What is the main role of a switch?
Learns MAC addresses and forwards frames to the correct port, reducing collisions
Repeats signals to all ports equally
Connects a home network to the ISP by modulating and demodulating signals
Assigns IP addresses to clients using DHCP only
What is a modem used for?
Modulating and demodulating signals to connect digital devices to an ISP over cable, DSL, or fiber
Routing packets between local subnets using OSPF or RIP
Broadcasting Ethernet frames to all devices on a LAN
Storing encryption keys for secure file systems
Which statement describes common uses of an intranet?
A private network for internal communication, sharing resources, and collaboration within an organization
A public global network used to access websites, email, and cloud services
A wireless system for connecting devices over short ranges only
A network exclusively for connecting to external vendors via the internet
Which statement describes common uses of the internet?
A public global network used for accessing websites, email, streaming, cloud services, and online communication
A private internal network limited to employees of a company
A device that forwards frames based on MAC addresses
A short-range technology for pairing peripherals
Which definition best describes a local area network (LAN)?
A network that connects devices within a limited geographic area such as a home, school, or office
A network spanning cities or countries using carrier links
A wireless personal network used for short-range device pairing
A service provided by an ISP for accessing the public web
Which definition best describes a wireless local area network (WLAN)?
A LAN that uses Wi‑Fi or other wireless standards to connect devices without cables within a limited area
A network that connects devices over long distances using leased lines
A personal area network for pairing wearable devices
A device that translates between analog and digital signals
Which definition best describes a wide area network (WAN)?
A network that spans large geographic areas, interconnecting LANs via carrier infrastructure
A small network within a single room using Ethernet cabling
A private internal company network limited to employees
A wireless network that covers a single office
How do networks and individual computers typically connect to the internet?
Through an ISP using a modem and router, with the router performing NAT to share the connection among devices
By directly connecting each computer to satellite GPS without any intermediary
By broadcasting all frames to every device until one reaches a website
Only through Bluetooth pairing to a smartphone with no router or modem
How does a router route data packets?
It looks up destination IP addresses in its routing table, selects the best next hop, and forwards packets across networks
It rebroadcasts frames to all ports without checking addresses
It converts digital data to analog tones for phone lines
It assigns MAC addresses to devices and stores files
How can computers use Wi‑Fi to connect to a network?
They use a wireless NIC to authenticate to an access point using Wi‑Fi standards and obtain network settings to communicate
They pair via short‑range radio to share files only without IP addressing
They require a physical Ethernet cable to join any network
They must connect through a modem directly with no router or access point
How can computers use Bluetooth to connect to a network?
They establish short‑range wireless links for peripherals or tethering, using pairing and profiles like PAN to share connectivity
They connect to long‑distance carrier networks using leased fiber
They join enterprise Wi‑Fi using WPA2‑Enterprise only
They route packets between subnets using dynamic protocols
Which statement accurately compares Bluetooth and Wi‑Fi?
Bluetooth is short‑range, low‑bandwidth for device pairing; Wi‑Fi supports higher bandwidth and longer range for LAN access
Bluetooth provides public internet routing; Wi‑Fi is only for personal peripherals
Both technologies always use the same frequency bands and speeds
Wi‑Fi requires no access point while Bluetooth always does
Which definition best describes the internet?
A global system of interconnected networks that uses IP to link devices and services worldwide
A private company network limited to employees and internal resources
A single central server that stores all websites
A protocol used only for sending email within a LAN
Which definition best describes an intranet?
A private network within an organization that uses internet technologies for internal communication and resources
A global public network that anyone can access
A short‑range personal network for peripherals
A single router connecting two homes
Which statement correctly describes the differences between an intranet and the internet?
An intranet is private and restricted to an organization’s users; the internet is public and accessible to anyone
Both are public networks open to everyone equally
An intranet is always wireless while the internet is only wired
The internet uses proprietary protocols while an intranet does not
Which statement correctly distinguishes a LAN, a WLAN, and a WAN?
A LAN is a local wired network; a WLAN is a local wireless network; a WAN connects networks over large geographic areas
A LAN and WLAN are both global networks; a WAN is limited to a room
A LAN is wireless only; a WLAN is wired only; a WAN is personal
A WAN connects devices in a single office while a LAN spans countries
Identify methods to avoid password interception.
Use secure connections such as HTTPS/TLS when logging in
Share passwords verbally to avoid storing them on devices
Use a VPN or trusted network instead of public Wi‑Fi when entering credentials
Disable two‑factor authentication to simplify sign‑in
Describe the difference between strong and weak passwords.
Strong passwords are long, unpredictable, and mix character types; weak passwords are short, common, or easily guessed
Strong passwords use only letters; weak passwords add numbers and symbols
Strong passwords are reused across sites; weak passwords are unique for each site
Strong passwords avoid capitalization; weak passwords rely on uppercase letters
Describe biometric methods used for authentication.
They verify identity using physical or behavioral traits such as fingerprints, facial recognition, or iris scans
They store credentials on magnetic stripes embedded in plastic cards
They rely on knowledge‑based questions like a mother’s maiden name
They require a password that changes every month
Describe magnetic stripe authentication.
Identity is verified by reading data encoded on a card’s magnetic stripe using a card reader
Identity is confirmed by scanning a fingerprint on a sensor
Identity is proven by answering security questions
Identity is verified by receiving a code via email
Describe other physical tokens used for authentication.
Hardware items such as smart cards or one‑time code fobs that a user possesses
Text messages with verification links sent to a phone
Usernames and passwords stored in a browser
Email attachments containing access credentials
Describe methods used to avoid viruses.
Keep operating systems and software up to date and install reputable anti‑virus tools
Open unknown attachments to verify their contents
Avoid downloading software from untrusted sources and be cautious with email links
Disable automatic updates to prevent changes
Describe facsimile communication.
It transmits scanned images of documents over a telephone network to a receiving fax device
It streams live audio only using internet protocols
It is a secure email service for sending encrypted messages
It is a cloud storage method for sharing files
Explain the difference between physical faxing and electronic faxing.
Physical faxing uses a fax machine over phone lines; electronic faxing sends and receives faxes via internet services or email gateways
Physical faxing uses email; electronic faxing uses telephone lines
Physical faxing requires a computer; electronic faxing requires only paper
There is no functional difference between them
Describe video‑conferencing, including the hardware used.
Real‑time communication that transmits audio and video between participants using cameras, microphones, speakers, and a display with an internet connection
Asynchronous messaging using email clients and servers
Real‑time text chat using a keyboard only
Voice calls over traditional landlines
Describe audio‑conferencing.
Real‑time group communication that transmits voice among participants via telephony or VoIP systems
Sharing prerecorded audio files by email
Listening to a podcast from a streaming site
Recording audio on a local device without transmission
Describe web‑conferencing and how it can be linked to either video‑ or audio‑conferencing.
Online meeting platforms that share screens, documents, and chat via the web and integrate audio calls or video streams
A system that only sends printed documents through a browser
A local network tool for file backups
A service limited to text forums without live communication
Describe the security issues surrounding the use of computer networks.
Risks include malware, phishing, unauthorized access, and data interception
Only hardware failures are considered security issues
Security issues are eliminated by using Wi‑Fi instead of wired networks
Networks have no risk if a password is set once
Describe the idea that the internet is not policed and the effects of this.
There is no single governing body enforcing rules across all content, which can lead to misinformation, scams, and illegal material being accessible
The internet is fully regulated globally, so harmful content cannot exist
Internet service providers block all unverified sites automatically
All websites are required to verify identities of visitors
Describe encryption and its use.
A process that encodes data so only authorized parties can read it, used to protect information in transit and at rest
A method to compress files for faster downloads
A way to delete data permanently from storage
A protocol that assigns IP addresses to devices
List the principles of a typical data protection act.
Lawful processing with consent or legitimate grounds, data minimization, accuracy, security, and rights for access and correction
Unrestricted data collection without notifying users
Permanent retention of all collected data
Sharing personal data freely with advertisers by default
Describe email communication, including the use of attachments.
Electronic messaging sent via mail servers that can include files as attachments, which recipients can download
Only text messages sent without servers and without files
Real‑time voice communication between two phones
Paper letters scanned and transmitted by fax
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using email compared with faxing.
Advantages include speed, low cost, and easy distribution; disadvantages include risks of phishing, attachment malware, and privacy concerns
Email is always more secure than fax with no drawbacks
Fax is faster than email in every case
Email cannot send documents to multiple recipients
Spam and copyright — Define the term spam.
Unsolicited and often bulk electronic messages sent for advertising or malicious purposes
A secure method of encrypting email messages between two users
A file attachment that has been scanned and is virus-free
A list of approved contacts you can email
Spam and copyright — Explain 2 reasons that spam needs to be prevented. Select all that apply.
It can spread malware or phishing attacks
It wastes bandwidth and storage resources
It guarantees all emails are encrypted
It reduces productivity by cluttering inboxes
Spam and copyright — Describe 2 methods of how spam can be prevented. Select all that apply.
Use spam filters and mark unwanted messages as spam
Avoid posting your email address publicly
Disable all antivirus software
Do not click suspicious unsubscribe links in unknown emails
Spam and copyright — Explain 2 constraints of email, in terms of the laws, within a country. Select all that apply.
Data protection and privacy regulations limit how personal information can be shared by email
Copyright law restricts copying and forwarding content without permission
Email laws require all messages to include at least three images
Harassment and hate-speech laws apply to email communications
Spam and copyright — Identify 3 rules you should follow regarding acceptable language in emails. Select all that apply.
Avoid offensive, discriminatory, or abusive language
Use all caps to add emphasis throughout the message
Be clear and concise; keep a respectful tone
Proofread for grammar and avoid slang in formal messages
Spam and copyright — Describe how copyright affects emails.
Text and attachments in emails are protected by copyright, so copying or forwarding others’ work without permission may be illegal
Emails are public domain, so any content can be reused freely
Copyright applies only to images on websites, not to email content
Copyright law allows reuse of any email content for noncommercial purposes without permission
Spam and copyright — Describe 4 rules of netiquette that apply to emails. Select all that apply.
Use meaningful subject lines and reply only to those who need the message
Keep messages polite; do not flame or use all caps
Respect privacy by using BCC for group messages when appropriate
Forward chain letters to keep contacts informed
Spam and copyright — Explain why it is better to use an email group for people you regularly email together.
It saves time by sending to a predefined list and reduces addressing errors
It makes messages anonymous so no one knows the sender
It encrypts messages automatically for every recipient
It prevents recipients from replying all
Internet and intranet — What is the internet?
A global network of interconnected computers and networks using standardized protocols
A single company’s private internal network
A software application used to view web pages
A file transfer method used only within schools
Internet and intranet — Define an intranet.
A private internal network that uses internet technologies within an organization
A public website accessible to anyone worldwide
A search engine used to index the web
A peer-to-peer network for sharing music files only
Internet and intranet — How is the internet different to the World Wide Web?
The internet is the underlying network infrastructure; the World Wide Web is a service of interlinked web pages accessed via browsers
They are the same term for the same system
The World Wide Web is the hardware and the internet is the software
The World Wide Web is for email while the internet is for video calls
Internet and intranet — Describe the process of saving files into cloud storage.
Sign in to a cloud service, upload or sync files over the internet to remote servers, then access them from connected devices
Copy files to a local USB drive and disconnect from the internet
Email files to yourself and delete the originals
Install any app without creating an account and the files save automatically offline
Internet and intranet — Complete the table: HTTP/HTTPS — What does this acronym stand for?
HyperText Transfer Protocol / HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
High-Tech Transmission Process / High-Tech Transmission Process Secure
Hyperlink Transport Program / Hyperlink Transport Program Secure
Host Transfer Port / Host Transfer Port Secure
Internet and intranet — Complete the table: FTP — What is it used for?
A protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server
A language used to build web pages
A security certificate for encrypting websites
A type of web browser for mobile devices
Internet and intranet — Complete the table: ISP — What does this acronym stand for?
Internet Service Provider
Internal Security Protocol
International Server Platform
Interactive Site Publisher
Internet and intranet — Complete the table: URL — What does this acronym stand for?
Uniform Resource Locator
Universal Routing Link
User Registration List
Unified Remote Loader
Internet and intranet — Complete the table: Hyperlink — What is it?
A clickable text or object that takes you to another location or resource when selected
A virus that infects websites through links
A protocol for sending emails between servers
A password used to secure web pages
Internet and intranet — Name the 3 sections of a web address.
Protocol, domain name, path
Browser, search engine, website
Hardware, software, user
Page title, images, links
Internet and intranet — Describe what a web browser is.
Software that retrieves, renders, and displays web pages and web applications
A search engine that indexes websites
A server that hosts websites for organizations
A programming language used to create websites
Internet and intranet — Explain how a search engine is used.
Enter keywords to query an index of web pages; results are ranked and displayed as links to relevant pages
Type a URL directly to open a specific site without results
Use it to store files in the cloud for later access
Install it to encrypt all traffic automatically
Internet and intranet — Define the term Blog.
A regularly updated website or section with posts arranged in reverse chronological order
A private internal company network
A read-only archived website with no updates
A protocol for transferring email messages
Internet and intranet — Define the term Wiki.
A collaborative website that allows users to create and edit pages collectively
A single-author website with comments disabled
A secure messaging app for teams only
A tool for encrypting web traffic
Internet and intranet — Define the term Social networking.
Online platforms that enable users to create profiles, connect, and share content with others
A method of organizing files on a local hard drive
A private email group for family members only
A protocol for linking web pages within a site
Internet and intranet — Explain why the internet is so popular.
It provides global access to information, communication, entertainment, and services at low cost
It is restricted to government users which makes it exclusive
It works only during business hours which reduces congestion
It requires specialized hardware most people cannot afford
Internet and intranet — Explain why an internet search to find relevant information is not always fast.
There are vast amounts of data and many results to filter; network speed and poor keywords can also slow the process
Search engines intentionally delay results to save power
Web browsers must download every page on the internet before showing results
Only government-approved sites are searchable
Internet and intranet — Explain why it is not always easy to find reliable information on the internet.
Sources can be biased or outdated, and misinformation is common; not all sites are reviewed by experts
All websites are equally reliable by design
Only paid sites contain correct information
Search engines remove unreliable pages automatically
Internet and intranet — There is so much information on the internet, so how can you evaluate the reliability of the information you find?
Check the author’s credibility, cross-verify with multiple reputable sources, look for recent publication dates, and review domain reputation
Trust sites with the most colorful graphics and animations
Assume the top search result is always correct
Accept any information shared on social media without verification
