The role and functions of chemistry in our lives.

Substance and its properties.

Laboratory safety rules when working with equipment in the chemistry room.

Working with laboratory stand, spirit lamp, gas burners, and electric heater.

Pure substances and mixtures. Demonstration experiment: Distinguishing between pure substances and mixtures.

Separating pure substances from mixtures (purifying contaminated salt).

Changes in the aggregate state of substances. Demonstration experiment: Observing and studying changes in the aggregate states of water.

Physical and chemical phenomena. Demonstration experiment: Studying the physical properties of substances (aggregate state, color, smell, solubility in water).

Observing and describing chemical processes occurring in daily life and in the economy.

Strengthening lesson. 1st control work.

Atom. The history of the development of knowledge about atomic structure.

Atom and its structure, protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Chemical element. Chemical symbol.

Relative atomic mass of a chemical element.

Isotopes. Isobars. Isotones.

Chemical formula. Valency.

2nd control work.

Molecule. Relative molecular mass.

Simple and complex substances.

Amount of substance. Avogadro's constant. Molar mass of a substance.

Solving problems related to valency.

Solving problems based on chemical formulas.

Writing equations for chemical reactions.

Practicing problems related to writing chemical reaction equations.

Strengthening lesson. 3rd control work.

Description of chemical elements.

Natural families of chemical elements.

Periodic table of chemical elements.

Strengthening lesson. 4th control work.

Air and its composition.

Factors affecting air pollution.

General description of oxygen.

Physical properties, production, and use of oxygen.

Chemical properties of oxygen.

Combustion.

Structure of flame and combustion of substances in oxygen.

Ozone and its uses.

Biological significance of oxygen and ozone.

Oxides. Demonstration experiment: Producing basic and acidic oxides.

Strengthening lesson. 5th control work.

Hydrogen.

Production and testing of properties of hydrogen.

Properties and uses of hydrogen. Demonstration experiment: Interaction of hydrogen with copper (II) oxide.

Acids. Synthetic and natural acids.

Production and properties of acids.

Interaction of acids with metals.

Acid rain.

Strengthening lesson.

6th control work.

Composition of water.

Aggregate states of water and its circulation in nature.

Physical properties of water.

Chemical properties of water.

Neutralization reactions. Demonstration experiment: Preparing vinegar and soda tea in daily life.

Pollution of water and methods of purification. Project work: Preparing proposals on water pollution and purification methods.

Solving problems.

Strengthening lesson. 7th control work.

Chemical elements in living organisms and their significance. Project work: Collecting information about the presence and significance of certain minerals and chemical elements in food.

Proteins. Fats. Carbohydrates.

Vitamins.

Significance of minerals in human life.

Determining the composition of an apple. Project work: "Vitamins and minerals in fruits or vegetables."

Geological chemical compounds.

Useful minerals and mines in Uzbekistan. Project work: Useful minerals and mines in Uzbekistan.

Ecological aspects of mineral production. 8th control work.

Practical work. Reducing ecological footprints.