WorksheetsTest Bank Chapter 1 Introduction (Cover)
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 47mins
argued that the major activities of management and leadership are played out differently; but both are essential to an organization
Jago
Zaleznik
Kotter
Bass
Power is described as
A relational concern for both leaders and followers
Use of force over others to manipulate them
Letting any follower do whatever he or she wants
Forcing people to engage in extreme behaviors
The “Great Man/Person” trait definition of leadership
Is about the interaction between leaders and followers
Can be learned
Is restricted to those with inborn talent, qualities, or characteristics
Is about developing leadership skills
The four key elements of the definition of leadership used in the text are
Trait, goal, emergent, expert
Process, influence, group, goal
Values, ethics, process, performance
Capability, competency, skill, relationship
In their discussion about management and leadership, Bennis and Nanus said that leaders
“Do things right”
“Do the right thing”
“Do what followers want”
“Do enough to get the job done”
People in the organization like me because I know what I am doing and share knowledge with followers. I have
Position power
Personal power
Information power
Legitimate power
Reward power
Chief executive officers of any company have
Legitimate power
Referent power
Expert power
Personal power
Emergent power
I can emerge as the leader in my group project by
Telling all group members exactly what to do
Communicating and listening well with group members
Sitting at the head of the table
Being designated by the instructor as the group leader
Kellerman argues that in the last forty years there has been a shift in leadership power from
Shared power to top down power
Leader dominated power to shared power with followers
Follower dominated power to shared power with leaders
Referent power focus to coercive power focus
Information power is
Associated with having formal job authority
Based on followers liking of their leader
Derived from having the ability to provide rewards
Focused on the social contract between leaders and followers
Derived from possessing knowledge that others want or need
Who is said to engage leadership?
Followers
Groups
Organizations
Leaders
Who is responsible for the leadership process?
Followers
Leaders
Organizations
Followers and leaders
The common goals element of the definition of leadership means
Leaders and followers have a mutual purpose
Leaders and followers have similar personalities
Leaders and followers have similar interests
Leaders and followers have a mutual desire for power
The statement “She/he is born to be a leader” suggests a
Process definition of leadership
Trait definition of leadership
Gender bias definition of leadership
Coercive definition of leadership
Social identity theory would suggest leadership emergence occurs when
The group identifies with the leader
They acquire the skills to do the job well
The group assigns them the role of leader
They become most like the group prototype
Coercive leadership
Is not allowing a player to play in competition because he or she was late to practice
Is forcing followers to engage in extreme behaviors
Is using the influence relationship to affect change
Is supporting ethical behavior amongst team members
To coerce means to
Influence others toward a common goal
Influence others to behave ethically
Influence others to do something against their will
Influence others using positive rewards
Non-leadership is
A relational interaction between a group of people toward common goals
Sharing goal development with followers
Leadership that is focused on individual goals
Leadership that is focused on working with followers to achieve common goals
The primary functions of leadership are
Directing, ruling, encouraging
Aligning, visioning, inspiring
Building, maintaining, staffing
Budgeting, controlling, problem solving
Simonet and Tett (2012) found that management is distinct from leadership by
Extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation
Strategic planning
Creative thinking
Differences between management and leadership include
Leaders are emotionally involved, whereas managers have low emotional involvement
Managers shape ideas, whereas leaders are reactive in solving problems
Leaders are unidirectional influencers, whereas managers are multidirectional influencers
Leaders are controlling, whereas managers are motivating
The primary functions of management are
Producing change and movement
Producing positive leadership outcomes
Producing a creative vision
Producing order and consistency
One key to emerging as a leader
Is to be perceived by others as likable and knowledgeable
Is to be forceful in asserting your opinions
Is to avoid listening to opposing opinions
Is to be perceived by others as commanding and dominant
Which of the following bases of power are considered personal power?
Information
Referent
Coercive
Reward
Legitimate
Scholarly research and popular work on the nature of leadership exploded in this decade
1950
1960
1970
1980
The emerging approach called servant leadership
Focuses on followers needs
Focuses on traits
Focuses on adapting to solve problems
Focuses on spirituality
Which way of classifying leadership involves capabilities to make leadership possible?
Group process
Personality
Skills
Power
The process definition of leadership implies
Leadership is linear
Leadership is one-way, top-down
Leadership is leader centered
Leadership is reciprocal between leaders and followers
Although there are clear differences between management and leadership,
There is little research to support one or the other
Leadership is more valued than management
The two constructs overlap
Management is more valued than leadership
Argued that leaders and managers are distinct; they are different types of people
Jago
Zaleznik
Kotter
Bass
Burns
Leaders' power to provide pay raises and promotions is
Reward
Coercive
Legitimate
Referent
Expert
Defining leadership as a process means
It is a transactional event
It is focused on influence
It is an inborn trait or characteristic
It may only take place in groups
The following is not one of the classifications for a definition of leadership:
The focus of group process
An artistic process
A behavior
A personality trait
An instrument of goal achievement
The primary functions of management are
Planning, organizing, staffing, and controlling
Forming, storming, norming, and reforming
Building, breaking down, rebuilding, and maintaining
Ruling, listening, adapting, and adjusting
Directing, framing, extending, and encouraging
Some positive communication behaviors that account for successful leader emergence are
Sense of humor, facial expressiveness
Being dominant, speaking frequently
Differentiating oneself from the group, challenging group norms
Being informed, initiating new ideas
Leadership definitions have evolved during the 20th century in the following way:
The trait approach remains the most popular approach over time
A leader's power remains a key requirement for goal accomplishment
Focus on leadership effectiveness became prominent in the 1970s
Leadership research peaked in the 1980s
Fisher associates all of the following positive communication behaviors with emergent leadership, except
Being verbally involved
Establishing roles
Seeking others' opinions
Initiating new ideas
You are told you need to work weekends. Your supervisor gives you a pay raise in return. What type of power is your supervisor using?
Referent
Expert
Legitimate
Reward
Coercive
Leadership is a phenomenon that takes place in the context of the interaction between leaders and followers. This viewpoint would suggest leadership is accessible by all:
Reward
Referent
Process
Trait
Legitimate
You really enjoy working for your boss and look up to her or him as a role model. You are more than willing to work hard for the organization because of your relationship with your boss. This is an example of
Legitimate power
Coercive power
Position power
Personal power
Reward power
On the way to track practice you get pulled over for speeding. When you arrive to practice late, the coach makes you run laps. This is an example of
Legitimate power
Coercive power
Expert power
Personal power
Reward power
Often leadership occurs within a context where one individual influences a group of others to accomplish goals. Which best describes this component of leadership?
Leadership occurs in groups.
Leadership involves influence.
Leadership includes organizations.
Leadership includes attention to common goals.
Watson and Hoffman's study on leadership emergence with regard to gender-biased perceptions would suggest
Influential women were rated the same as men in terms of leadership.
Women are much more likeable than men.
Emergence in leadership has little to do with gender bias.
There continue to be barriers to women's emergence as leaders in some settings.
Men are always more influential within groups and organizations.
Kotter suggested that management produces ______ and _______.
Change and structure
Vision and order
Order and consistency
Change and movement
In which way will leadership and power be approached in upcoming chapters?
As a form of coercion
As positional power
From the perspective of the follower
As a relational concern for both leaders and followers
As a tool to be used by the leader
Understanding the nature of leadership has proved to be quite the challenge for practitioners and researchers because
Its appeal is limited to academics and scholars.
Very little research has been done.
It has not received much attention.
It is a highly valued phenomenon that is very complex.
Your parents and older siblings are all successful elected officials. After graduation, it is suggested by many that you should seek office and, in turn, offer you their support. Which best describes the leadership approach being demonstrated?
Behavioral approach to leadership
Leadership as a process
Trait perspective
Expert power
As captain of the soccer team, your primary concern is winning games and maintaining the strength of the team. Your players couldn’t care less about teamwork and just want to win. Which component of leadership would you recommend the leader focus on?
Roles
Common goals
Process
Influence
The leader is at the core of group change and activity, representing the backbone of the group or organization. Leadership is viewed as
Focus of group processes
Personality perspective
Leadership as an act
Leadership as a behavior
Jeffrey is the chief financial officer of an established marketing firm. He recently learned that the company is going to try to merge with a new firm. He shares this potential merger with only a few of his mid-level managers he trusts. Jeffrey has
Information and referent power
Reward and referent power
Information and legitimate power
Personal and information power
Coercive leadership is not considered ideal leadership as defined in this text because
Influence in leadership includes followers and leaders working toward a common goal
Process is a part of the definition in both coercion and leadership
Forcing and manipulative behaviors are legitimate leadership tactics
Coercive leadership involves both individual and common goals
My boss really does not get the technical aspects of the job my group is trying to complete. I understand the intricacies of the project and my team members come to me with all of their questions. What has happened in this work setting?
I have taken control and power of the group
I have undermined my boss
I have emerged as the team leader
My boss is no longer a leader
Writing about and researching leadership is
Declining in popularity
A universally appealing topic
Simplistic rather than complex
Less popular in the business area than in social sciences
Leadership and management
Are completely separate entities
Occur only in large corporations
Occur only in small organizations
Are both needed in organizations
The faculty member on my study abroad trip to Costa Rica has traveled there many times and is quite knowledgeable about the country and places we visited. She gave us guidance about the country, local culture, and safety issues while we were interning with the local farmers. The faculty member was using
Referent power
Positional power
Coercive power
Expert power
Which of the following is a planning and budgeting management function?
Create a vision
Build teams and coalitions
Setting timetables
Aligning people
The trait definition of leadership suggests
Leadership occurs because of who the leader is
Interaction is the key to leadership success
Self-confidence is required for good leadership
Dominance is required for good leadership
Leadership
Can be learned
Cannot be learned
Is about mutual influence
Is one-way influence
Leaders have multidirectional influence, which means they
Are emotionally active and involved with followers
Decide actions for the followers
Motivate and inspire followers
Plan and control work schedules
An emergent leader
Holds a position in an organization
Is perceived as likable and knowledgeable
Uses communication skills to be perceived by others as leading the group
Is ranked higher than followers
Which of the following bases of power are considered positional power?
Information
Referent
Coercive
Reward
Expert
The people on my work project team call me aside and share that they are unhappy with the work of the team leader. They share that they feel I know more than the leader and they like my style of interacting with them more than the team leader’s. What is happening in this team?
You are emerging as the leader
Legitimate power is diminished
Personal power is diminished
Influence of the team leader has gone up
Leadership emergence can be affected by
Gender-biased perceptions
Rank in the organization
Fit with group prototype
Communication behaviors
Simonet and Tett (2012) explored how leadership and management are best conceptualized and found
Overlap between leadership and management
Differences between leadership and management
Leadership and management are synonymous terms
Professionalism and goal setting are similar between leadership and management
Leadership and management are similar in that they both
Involve influence
Entail working with others
Are concerned with effective goal management
Focus on adaptive and constructive change
Which of the following holds position power?
Vice president of a company
President of a student organization
Dean of a college
Sergeant in the military
Which of the following has legitimate power?
The president of a company
A committee member
A college professor
A police officer
The director of study abroad had to cancel a trip because a travel advisory was issued warning that the country to be visited was not safe for foreign travel. The director was using
Referent power
Positional power
Coercive power
Legitimate power
The research on leadership generally has found it to be a relatively simple process.
True
False
More than 60 different leadership classification systems have been developed.
True
False
Leadership occurs in both large and small groups.
True
False
According to Burns, followers should remember that their leaders are above them and act accordingly.
True
False
The earliest leadership theories in the 20th century emphasized control and centralization of power.
True
False
The view that leadership is a behavior rather than a trait emerged in the 1930s.
True
False
An individual perceived by other group members as influential can only be an assigned leader, not an emergent one.
True
False
A boss by definition usually has position power over subordinates.
True
False
Leaders who use coercion are generally mostly interested in their own goals, rather than those of subordinates.
True
False
Kotter argues that managerial and leadership functions are really quite similar.
True
False
A factor common to the leadership classification systems is the view of leadership as a process of influence.
True
False
Followers usually are responsible for maintaining the relationship with leaders.
True
False
The process definition of leadership states that certain individuals have inborn qualities that differentiate them from non-leaders.
True
False
The governor of your state possesses French and Raven’s legitimate power.
True
False
A person who is seen by their team as likeable and friendly possesses reward power.
True
False
The trait definition of leadership occurs through the interaction between leaders and followers.
True
False
As president of my student organization I have position power.
True
False
Leadership scholars have agreed on a singular definition of leadership.
True
False
Spiritual leadership is an emerging leadership approach.
True
False
Using a process definition of leadership means it is available to everyone.
True
False
Using Hogg’s social identity theory, how could you coach a minority person who aspires to leadership in his or her organization?
Identify and highlight dimensions of group identity where the person fits, such as the mission or political ideology
Encourage positive communication behaviors associated with leader emergence, including speaking up, being well informed, listening well, seeking others’ ideas, initiating ideas, and being firm but not rigid
Advise the person to minimize differences by avoiding visibility and limiting participation
Focus solely on rank and formal titles to gain leadership
Men and women are equally likely to emerge as leaders in mixed-sex groups.
Research shows men and women are perceived as equally influential, but women are rated lower on leadership and likability
Depending on the group and task, men and women may not have equal opportunity to emerge as leaders
Men consistently have higher opportunity to emerge than women in all contexts
Women consistently have higher opportunity to emerge than men in all contexts
Using Kotter’s functions of management and leadership model to support your argument, which functions characterize leadership rather than management?
Producing change and movement
Aligning people, motivating and inspiring
Producing order and consistency
Planning and budgeting, organizing and staffing, and controlling and problem solving
Using the definition of leadership as a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal, which components should be clearly identified when creating an example that demonstrates the definition?
Process—leadership discussed as an interaction between leader and followers, with emphasis on its availability to everyone
Influence—specific mention of how influence is applied within the example
Groups—the context of the example takes place within a group or organizational setting
Common goals—the goals of both the leader and the follower are mentioned and discussed as they relate to the other aspects of the definition
Leader’s inborn traits are emphasized as the primary source of leadership
Are leaders born or made? Choose all positions that can be defended using specific topics and research in the text.
Leaders are born; the trait definition identifies leaders by traits such as intelligence, height, and dominance, which make followers want to follow.
Leaders are made; leadership develops over time through interaction with followers and learning from experience.
Leaders are neither born nor made; leadership is entirely random and not addressed in the text.
Leadership is fixed at birth and cannot be identified by traits or development.
