$$\frac{actual\ yield}{theoretical\ yield}\cdot100\%$$

$$\frac{\left|theoretical\ -\ \exp erimental\right|}{theoretical}\cdot100\%$$

What is a limiting reactant

The substance in a chemical reaction that runs out first

List these pieces of glassware from most precise to least precise: buret, beaker, graduated cylinder

buret, graduated cylinder, beaker

What is the equation for calculating the density of a substance?

$$density\ =\frac{mass}{volume}$$

Moving across a row (L to R) on the periodic table, does Zeff (effective nuclear charge) increase, decrease, or stay the same?

increase (more protons, more attraction)

When reading a PES graph, what does the height of a peak represent?

relative number of electrons in a sublevel

What do atomic mass spectroscopy graphs measure?

relative abundance vs isotopes for an element

Elements in the same group (vertical columns) have similar _____________________.

physical and chemical properties

Is a gallium/hydrogen/uranium a metal, nonmetal or metalloid?

Ga: Metal H: Nonmetal Uranium: Metal

Are cations/anions larger or smaller than their (neutral) atoms?

cations: smaller anions: larger

What is the bond angle in BF 3 / H 2 O / NH 3 / CO 2 ?

BF 3 $$120\degree$$ H 2 O $$104.5\degree$$ NH 3 $$107\degree$$ CO 2 $$180\degree$$

What is the hybrid orbital used in BF 3 / H 2 O / NH 3 / CO 2 ?

BF 3 sp 2 H 2 O sp 3 NH 3 sp 3 CO 2 sp

Are asymmetrical/symmetrical molecules polar or nonpolar?

Asymmetrical = polar Symmetrical = nonpolar

Why are asymmetrical molecules polar?

Asymmetrical molecules are polar due to their uneven distribution of electron density around the molecule.

What type of alloy is made when the radii of the atoms are different/similar in size?

different: interstitial similar: substitutional

Which ionic compound would have the most lattice energy? large/small ion charges; large/small ion radii

large ion charges small ionic radii

Filtering separates mixtures based on differences in what property?

differences in phase (states of matter) example: a mixture of a solid and a liquid

List the four IMFs from weakest to strongest

WEAKEST London dispersion forces (LDFs) Dipole-dipole interactions (dip-dip) Hydrogen bonding Ion-ion interactions (ionic bonds) STRONGEST

List the IMFs present in BF 3

BF 3 is a nonpolar, trigonal planar molecule (with a suboctet) IMFs: LDFs only

List the IMFs present in H 2 O

H 2 O is a polar, tetrahedral molecule IMFs: LDFs, dipole-dipole, hydrogen bonding

Name any THREE properties that increase as IMFs increase

surface tension viscosity melting/boiling point

Name TWO properties that decrease as IMFs increase

vapor pressure ease of evaporation

TSNF Flashcards AP Chemistry Flashcards

Student preview

96 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

% yield

Back

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

% error equation

Back

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Name the 7 diatomic elements

Back

Br₂ I₂ N₂ Cl₂ H₂ O₂ F₂

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The simple whole # ratio of the atoms in a compound is called the ______ formula

Back

empirical formula

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Complete the rhyme for empirical formula

% to mass, mass to mole, _______ __ _____, multiply (times) til whole

Back

divide by small

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Possible molecular formulas for the compound AB₂

Back

A₂B_4,A₄B₈, A₆B₁₂, A₈B₁₆...

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Give a possible identity for the element X in XCl₂

Back

Ca²⁺Mg²⁺ Sr²⁺ Ba²⁺ Zn²⁺

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