States of Matter and Energy

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Solid

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A state of matter characterized by a fixed shape and volume.

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Liquid

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A state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container.

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Gas

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A state of matter that has neither a defined shape nor a defined volume.

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Kinetic Energy

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The energy that an object possesses due to its motion.

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Kinetic Theory

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The theory that explains that all particles of matter are in constant motion.

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Phase Change

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A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another.

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Endothermic

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A process that absorbs energy, usually in the form of heat.

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Exothermic

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Releases energy (heat) to its surroundings.

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Vaporization

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The process of a substance changing from liquid to gas.

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Evaporation

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The process of a substance changing from liquid to gas at the surface, below the boiling point.