APWH P3 2.1-2.3 Silk Roads, Mongols, Indian Ocean - Terms & Vocab

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Trade networks in Central Asia linking Europe, India, and China, facilitated by Buddhist monasteries.

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Silk Roads

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Overseas trade network for luxury items like silk, ivory, and spices, requiring tech breakthroughs like junks, astrolabe, and compass.

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Indian Ocean Trade

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Second great caliphate dynasty, capital in Baghdad, known for promoting arts and sciences, ruled until sacked by Mongols in the 1200s.

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The Abbasid Caliphate

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Empire that expelled Mongols from China and sought to revive Song Dynasty glory. Emperor Yongle sent Zheng He to assert dominance in the Indian Ocean, but after his death, China returned to isolationism while trade continued.

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Ming

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Event in 1258 marking the end of the Abbasid caliphate, leading to cultural decline in the Islamic world.

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The Sack of Baghdad

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Branch of agriculture focused on livestock raising, leading to specialized nomadic horse cultures in Eurasia and North America.

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Pastoralism

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Chinese dynasty of Mongol royalty visited by Marco Polo, noted for its splendor and power.

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Yuan Dynasty

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Interaction and integration among nations driven by trade, investment, and technology. Historians note that while some exchange existed in Roman-Han times, the Mongols significantly enhanced this process.

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Globalization

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Born as Temujin, this historical figure conquered vast territories through strategy and brutal tactics, leaving a legacy of a more connected world.

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Genghis Khan

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Kipchak Khanate, a branch of the Mongol empire, conquered Kievan Rus and influenced modern Russia.

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Golden Horde