Chapter 4: A Tour of the Cell Vocab

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Cell theory

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All living things are composed of cells and all cells come from other cells.

Front

Cell wall: protective layer outside plasma membrane in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists.

Back

Protects the cell and helps maintain its shape.

Front

Cellular metabolism involves all chemical and physical activities of a cell.

Back

All chemical activities of a cell.

Front

Central vacuole in plant cells

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Large membranous sac for growth, chemical, and waste storage.

Front

Centriole: Structure in animal cell with microtubule triplets

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Cylinders of microtubule triplets

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Chloroplast: An organelle in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight to synthesize organic molecules (sugars) from CO2 and water.

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An organelle in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight to synthesize organic molecules (sugars) from CO2 and water.

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Chromosome:

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Thread-like, gene-carrying structure in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.

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Cytoplasm: Contents of a eukaryotic cell between the plasma membrane and nucleus; includes semifluid medium and organelles.

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Contents between plasma membrane and nucleus; semifluid medium and organelles.

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Endoplasmic reticulum:

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An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells, continuous with the outer nuclear membrane, with rough (ribosome-studded) and smooth (ribosome-free) regions.

Front

Flagella

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Long appendage specialized for locomotion.