Basic Scientific Terms

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Independent Variable

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A variable that is changed in a scientific experiment.

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Dependent Variable

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A variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.

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Controlled Variable

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A variable that is kept constant during a scientific experiment.

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Hypothesis

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A proposed explanation for a phenomenon, serving as a starting point for further investigation.

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Scientific Law

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A statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspect of the world.

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Scientific Theory

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A well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of evidence.

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Density

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Mass divided by volume

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Qualitative Data

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Data that approximates or characterizes but does not measure the attributes, characteristics, properties, etc.

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Quantitative Data

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Data expressing a certain quantity, amount or range, usually in numerical form.

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Observation

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Something determined using your 5 senses.