Key Concepts of the Roman Empire

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Battle of Actium

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Octavian's victory over Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 BC

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Battle of Teutoburg Forest

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Roman defeat by Germanic tribes in 9 AD

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Roman Architecture

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Use of arches, vaults, and concrete

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Roman Law

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Basis for many modern legal systems

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Roman Senate

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Advisory body to Roman leaders

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Pax Romana

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Period of peace and stability (27 BC - 180 AD)

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Roman Religion

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Polytheistic, influenced by Greek gods

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Roman Republic

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Government with elected officials before Empire

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Roman Roads

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Extensive network for trade and military

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Julius Caesar

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General, statesman, pivotal in transition from Republic to Empire