Front

What is capitalism and how did it impact the American economy during the Second Industrial Revolution?

Back

An economic system based on private ownership and competition. It encouraged economic growth, but also created monopolies.

Front

What is the difference between "old" immigrants and "new" immigrants?

Back

Old immigrants arrived before the 20th century, while new immigrants arrived in the 20th century.

Front

What elements made the United States the perfect place for the Second Industrial Revolution to occur?

Back

Abundance of natural resources and a growing labor force

Front

What were political machines and their role in local politics?

Back

Political machines were corrupt organizations that controlled local politics and provided services to immigrants in exchange for votes.

Front

What problems arose with urbanization and housing?

Back

Urbanization led to overcrowded and unsanitary living conditions in cities.

Front

What were some of the challenges faced by industrial workers?

Back

Low wages, long hours, and dangerous working conditions

Front

How did industrial workers try to improve their working conditions?

Back

By forming labor unions and striking for better wages and conditions

Front

How did native-born Americans react to immigration during the Gilded Age?

Back

They often opposed and discriminated against new immigrants.

Front

Who is known for developing the Bessemer process for mass-producing steel from iron?

Back

Henry Bessemer

Front

Which American inventor is famous for inventing the phonograph and the electric light bulb?

Back

Thomas Edison