Exploration and Colonization Terms

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Caravel

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A small, easily steerable ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in their explorations

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Circumnavigate

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Travel around the entire distance of an object

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Colony

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A group of people who leave their native country to form in a new land a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation.

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Columbian Exchange

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The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas

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Conquistador

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Spanish conqueror

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Diffusion

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The spread of ideas, languages, and technologies from one area to another

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Joint-stock Company

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A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder invests some money in the company and, in turn, receives a share of the company's profits.

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Mercantilism

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An economic policy designed to maximize exports, and minimize imports, of a nation.

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Middle Passage

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The stage of the triangular trade in which millions of Africans were forcibly transported to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade

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Navigation

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The science of plotting and directing the course for any object to travel