**Energy & Enzymes**

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

Define substrate in the context of enzyme activity.

Back

A substrate is the specific reactant molecule upon which an enzyme acts.

Front

What is an enzyme-substrate complex?

Back

An enzyme-substrate complex is a temporary molecule formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate.

Front

What happens to enzymes at high temperatures?

Back

High temperatures can denature enzymes, altering their shape and rendering them inactive.

Front

What is denaturation in relation to enzymes?

Back

Denaturation is the process by which an enzyme loses its functional shape due to external stress, such as heat or pH changes.

Front

What is the significance of the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The active site is the region of the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

Front

How do competitive inhibitors affect enzyme activity?

Back

Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site, reducing the rate of enzyme activity.

Front

What is the effect of pH on enzyme activity?

Back

Each enzyme has an optimal pH range; deviations from this range can lead to decreased activity or denaturation.

Front

Explain the term 'activation energy'.

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Front

What is the difference between an enzyme and a coenzyme?

Back

An enzyme is a protein that catalyzes reactions, while a coenzyme is a non-protein organic molecule that assists enzymes in their function.