The two basic forms of subprograms are____

Void subprograms and value returning subprograms

“Dont reinvent the wheel“ What is this?

The strategy to solve a given problem

What is quicksort algorithm based on?

Divide and conquer rule /strategy.

Testing is important at every stage in programming. What are the two types of testing?

Clear-box and black box testing

Two categories of loops are?

Count controlled and event controlled

Types of sorting algorithms?

selection sort, Bubble sort, insertion sort and quicksort

A location in memory that can hold either a true or false

Search begins at the beginning of the list and continues until the item is found or the entire list has been searched

Search begins at the middle and finds the item or eliminates half of the unexamined items; process is repeated on the half where the item might be

Arranging items in a collection so that there is an ordering on one (or more) of the fields in the items. (E)

The field (or fields) on which the ordering is based. (E)

Algorithms that order the items in the collection based on the sort key. (E)

Given a list of names, put them in alphabetical order -Find the name that comes first in the alphabet, and write it on the second sheet of paper -Cross off name on the original list -Continue this cycle until all the names on the original list have been crossed out and written on the second list. (E)

-Bubble sort uses the same strategy -Find the next item -Put it into its proper place -But uses a different scheme for finding the next item -Starting with the last list element, compare successive pairs of elements, swapping whenever the bottom element of the pair is smaller than the one above it. (E)

How does abstraction assist in the problem-solving process for algorithms?

Abstraction simplifies complex problems by focusing on high-level structures rather than details, making it easier to conceptualize and manage large problems.

Explain the importance of specifying inputs and outputs before creating an algorithm.

Specifying inputs and outputs defines the scope of the algorithm, clarifies requirements, and ensures the algorithm’s functionality aligns with its purpose.

How does pseudocode help bridge the gap between the algorithm and code?

Pseudocode provides a simplified version of the algorithm in human-readable language, facilitating understanding and making it easier to translate into programming code.

Define a control structure and give two examples.

A control structure directs the flow of execution in an algorithm; examples include loops (like while loops) and conditional statements (like if-else statements).

What is the difference between structured and unstructured problem-solving?

Structured problem-solving follows defined, orderly steps to reach a solution, while unstructured problem-solving involves a more exploratory approach with less predictability.

Describe the main module in top-down design.

The main module outlines the primary tasks and structure of an algorithm, breaking down the problem into functional areas without detailed implementation.

Why is modularization important in designing algorithms?

Modularization divides a complex problem into simpler subproblems, making the algorithm easier to understand, maintain, and test.

Define a pretest loop and give an example.

A pretest loop checks its condition before executing the loop body; an example is the while loop, where the condition is evaluated before each iteration.

What is the difference between a pretest loop and a post-test loop?

A pretest loop checks the condition before executing, possibly running zero times, whereas a post-test loop checks after execution, ensuring it runs at least once.

What is the purpose of testing algorithms?

Testing verifies that the algorithm functions as intended, catches errors, and ensures reliability across different inputs and edge cases.

How does a binary search differ from a sequential search?

Binary search operates only on sorted data and divides the search range in half each time, while sequential search examines each element one-by-one in any list.

Why is algorithm testing important at every stage?

Early testing catches logical errors early, making it easier and less costly to fix them before full implementation.

What is data abstraction in algorithm design?

Data abstraction is the concept of focusing on data use rather than implementation details, enabling easier management of complex data.

What role does a “smart friend” approach play in top-down design?

It helps simplify complex tasks by assuming that smaller, manageable parts can be solved without fully addressing details upfront, thus streamlining problem decomposition.

What is black-box testing in algorithm verification?

Black-box testing examines an algorithm's output for a given input without looking at the internal code, useful for verifying functionality.

What is a control structure, and why is it essential?

Control structures like loops and conditionals control the algorithm's flow, enabling it to make decisions, repeat actions, and manage processes efficiently.

Programming and Networking Concepts Flashcards

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48 questions

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1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the first part of a count-controlled loop?

Back

Initialization

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Why is the while loop called the pretest loop?

Back

Testing takes place before loop is executed.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Structures in which one control structure is embedded within another control structure are called______

Back

Nested Logic

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Composite data structure that characterizes object-oriented programming____

Back

Class

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

What is the assumption in the binary search algorithm?

Back

Items in the array are sorted

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The drawback of Selection Sort algorithm is_____

Back

Requires space for arrays

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

The first step in a recursive solution is_____

Back

Determine size factor

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