Biology EOC Practice

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.

Front

Provide an example of osmosis in plants.

Back

An example of osmosis in plants is water moving into the root cells of a plant.

Front

What happens to cells in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, cells lose water and may shrink due to the higher concentration of solutes outside the cell.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are the organelles responsible for producing energy through the process of cellular respiration.

Front

What occurs if mitochondria are removed from a plant cell?

Back

If all mitochondria are removed from a plant cell, it will be unable to carry out respiration and produce energy.

Front

What is the definition of a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

Front

What is the genotypic ratio of offspring from a cross between a homozygous recessive and a heterozygous individual?

Back

The genotypic ratio of offspring from this cross is 50% heterozygous (Hh) and 50% homozygous recessive (hh).

Front

What is a plasmid?

Back

A plasmid is a small, circular piece of DNA found in bacteria that can replicate independently of chromosomal DNA.

Front

How are transgenic organisms created?

Back

Transgenic organisms are created by inserting a gene from one organism into the DNA of another organism.

Front

What is the significance of inserting a human gene into a bacterial plasmid?

Back

Inserting a human gene into a bacterial plasmid allows for the production of human proteins in bacteria, which can be used for medical purposes.