Neurons Structure & Function

Neurons are specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit information through electrical and chemical signals.

The axon is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles.

Dendrites receive signals from other neurons and convey this information to the cell body.

The axon terminal is the endpoint of an axon where neurotransmitters are released to communicate with other neurons.

An electrical signal moves from the dendrites to the cell body and then down the axon.

A synapse is the junction between two neurons where communication occurs through neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.

The myelin sheath is a fatty layer that surrounds the axon, insulating it and increasing the speed of signal transmission.

The cell body contains the nucleus and organelles, and it integrates incoming signals from the dendrites.

Sensory neurons carry signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system, while motor neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles or glands.