5. Enlightenment

Front

What is the main idea associated with Thomas Hobbes?

Back

The need for a strong government.

Front

What conclusion does Newton’s theory of gravity draw?

Back

A natural force pulls objects toward earth.

Front

What did John Locke consider the most important duty of a government?

Back

To protect the natural rights of citizens.

Front

What idea of John Locke influenced the American patriots' decision to fight for independence?

Back

People should rebel against a government that does not protect their rights.

Front

What did Voltaire value most in society?

Back

The freedom to express one’s own opinions.

Front

What is the social contract theory as proposed by Hobbes?

Back

The idea that individuals consent to surrender some freedoms to a strong authority in exchange for protection.

Front

How did John Locke's views differ from those of Hobbes regarding government?

Back

Locke believed in the protection of natural rights, while Hobbes believed in a strong, absolute authority.

Front

What are natural rights according to John Locke?

Back

Life, liberty, and property.

Front

What role did Enlightenment thinkers play in the development of modern democracy?

Back

They promoted ideas of individual rights, government accountability, and the social contract.

Front

What is the significance of Voltaire's advocacy for freedom of speech?

Back

It laid the groundwork for modern democratic principles and the protection of individual expression.