Chromosomes Genes and DNA

Front

What is DNA?

Back

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information.

Front

What are chromosomes?

Back

X-shaped structures found inside the nucleus of a cell that contain DNA.

Front

What is an allele?

Back

A specific form of a gene, such as the gene for green peas versus yellow peas.

Front

What is a trait?

Back

A physical characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring.

Front

Who is known as the Father of Genetics?

Back

Gregor Mendel.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

A double helix composed of nucleotides.

Front

What are the four bases of DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the function of genes?

Back

To provide instructions for making proteins.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

An allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.