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What is gravitational potential energy?

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Gravitational potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position in a gravitational field, typically measured relative to a reference point.

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How does the position of an object affect its gravitational potential energy?

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The gravitational potential energy increases with height; the higher the object is positioned in a gravitational field, the greater its potential energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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What is elastic potential energy?

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Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in elastic materials as the result of their stretching or compressing.

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What is kinetic energy?

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Kinetic energy is the energy of an object in motion, dependent on its mass and velocity.

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What is mechanical energy?

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Mechanical energy is the sum of potential energy and kinetic energy in a system.

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How is mechanical energy converted to electrical energy?

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Mechanical energy can be converted to electrical energy through devices like generators, which use motion to produce electricity.

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What type of energy does a battery store?

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A battery stores chemical energy, which can be converted into electrical energy when needed.

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What is the relationship between potential energy and kinetic energy in a closed system?

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In a closed system, the total mechanical energy (potential + kinetic) remains constant, meaning potential energy can convert to kinetic energy and vice versa.

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What factors affect the gravitational potential energy of an object?

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The gravitational potential energy of an object is affected by its mass, the height above a reference point, and the strength of the gravitational field.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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What is the formula for calculating gravitational potential energy?

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The formula for gravitational potential energy (PE) is PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.