Cell Cycle, Mitosis, DNA replication, Protein Synthesis Review

Front

What are somatic cells and how are they classified based on chromosome number?

Back

Somatic cells are body cells that are considered diploid because they have two sets of each chromosome.

Front

What is the primary purpose of DNA replication?

Back

The primary purpose of DNA replication is to ensure that new cells have a complete copy of the DNA.

Front

If a cell has 30 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will its daughter cells have after mitosis?

Back

The daughter cells will also have 30 chromosomes, as mitosis preserves the chromosome number.

Front

In which type of cells does mitosis occur?

Back

Mitosis occurs in somatic cells.

Front

What base pairs with Adenine in DNA?

Back

Thymine pairs with Adenine in DNA.

Front

Define diploid and give an example of a diploid organism.

Back

Diploid refers to a cell or organism that has two complete sets of chromosomes. An example of a diploid organism is a human.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis results in four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What role does DNA play in protein synthesis?

Back

DNA contains the instructions for synthesizing proteins through the processes of transcription and translation.

Front

What is the significance of the S phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The S phase is significant because it is the stage where DNA replication occurs, ensuring that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.

Front

What are the main stages of mitosis?

Back

The main stages of mitosis are prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.