Biology Exam - Protein Synthesis

Front

Where does transcription take place?

Back

Nucleus

Front

Where does translation take place?

Back

Ribosome

Front

Which enzyme unwinds and opens the double helix during DNA replication?

Back

Helicase

Front

What is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template: TGGCAA?

Back

ACCGUU

Front

What is the central dogma of biology?

Back

The flow of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA to making a protein.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?

Back

RNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from the DNA template.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA and their functions?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information, tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to ribosomes, rRNA (ribosomal RNA) makes up the ribosome.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.