Genetics and Mutations Review

Front

What does the codon UAA translate to in terms of amino acids?

Back

UAA is a stop codon, signaling the termination of protein synthesis.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the organelles where protein synthesis occurs.

Front

What type of RNA is responsible for carrying genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosome during transcription?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is responsible for this function.

Front

What amino acid is represented by the codon AUU?

Back

AUU translates to Isoleucine.

Front

How does RNA differ from DNA in terms of structure?

Back

RNA is usually single-stranded and contains the base uracil instead of thymine.

Front

What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

Back

The three main types of RNA are mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA).

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA and RNA is translated into proteins.

Front

What is a mutation in the context of genetics?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in protein structure and function.

Front

What are the potential effects of mutations on an organism?

Back

Mutations can be neutral, beneficial, or harmful, affecting an organism's phenotype and fitness.