Least Common Multiple (LCM)

The smallest multiple that two or more numbers have in common. Example: The LCM of 4 and 6 is 12.

The top number in a fraction. Example: In the fraction 3/5, 3 is the numerator.

The bottom number in a fraction. Example: In the fraction 3/5, 5 is the denominator.

A fraction whose numerator is larger than the denominator. Example: 9/4 is an improper fraction.

A whole number and a fraction combined. Example: 2 1/3 is a mixed number.

Any number that can be written as a ratio of two integers. Example: 1/2, 3, and -7 are all rational numbers.

The order in which numbers are added or multiplied does not change the sum or product. Example: 2+3=5 and 3+2=5.

The way in which numbers are grouped does not change their sum or product. Example: (2+3)+4=2+(3+4).

The distance a number is from zero on a number line. Always positive. Example: The absolute value of -5 is 5.

A whole number that has exactly two factors: 1 and itself. Example: 7 is a prime number.

A comparison of two quantities that are not equal, using symbols such as 3 and x≤10 are inequalities.

A number less than zero. Example: -3 is a negative number.

A number greater than zero. Example: 8 is a positive number.

1 divided by the number (a number flipped). Example: The reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2.

The amount of space an object takes up. Example: A box with dimensions 2 ft x 3 ft x 4 ft has a volume of 24 cubic feet.

The amount of space inside a 2D (flat) shape. Example: A rectangle with length 5 and width 3 has an area of 15 square units.

A comparison of two or more quantities. Example: The ratio of 2 apples to 3 oranges is 2:3.

A table of equivalent ratios. Example: A ratio table for 2:3 might include 4:6, 6:9, and 8:12.

Ratios that have the same value. Example: 2:3 and 4:6 are equivalent ratios.

The average of a set of numbers (add them all, then divide by the number of items). Example: The mean of 4, 6, and 8 is (4+6+8)÷3=6.

The middle number in a set of data when the numbers are arranged in order. Example: The median of 3, 7, and 9 is 7.

The value that occurs most frequently in a data set. Example: In the data set 2, 4, 4, 6, 7, the mode is 4.

The difference between the highest and lowest numbers in a data set. Example: In the data set 2, 5, 8, the range is 8−2=6.

A diagram showing the frequency of data on a number line. Example: A dot plot for test scores could show dots above each score to represent how many students earned that score.

A graph of vertical bars representing the frequency distribution of a set of data. Example: A histogram might show how many people fall into different age groups, like 0–10, 11–20, etc.

Box Plot (Box-and-Whisker Plot)

A graphical representation showing the five-number summary of data (minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, maximum). Example: A box plot for test scores might show the range from 60 to 100, with a median score of 85.

The median of the upper half of a data set. Example: In the data set 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, the upper quartile is 8.

The median of the lower half of the data set. Example: In the data set 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, the lower quartile is 4.

Interquartile Range (IQR)

The difference between the upper quartile and the lower quartile. Example: If the upper quartile is 8 and the lower quartile is 4, the IQR is 8−4=4.

A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set. Example: In the data set 2, 4, 6, 50, the outlier is 50.

A combination of variables, numbers, and at least one operation. Example: 3x+7 is an algebraic expression.

A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal. Example: 2x+3=7 is an equation.

To solve or find the value of a mathematical expression. Example: Evaluate 3x when x=4: 3(4)=12.

A symbol used to represent a number we don't know yet. Example: In x+5=10, x is the variable.

The answer to a problem. Example: The solution to x+3=7 is x=4.

A number that shows how many times the base is used as a factor. Example: In 2^3, the 3 is the exponent, and it means 2×2×2=8.

Distributive Property

Multiplying a number by a group of numbers added together is the same as multiplying each separately and adding the results. Example: 3(2+4)=3(2)+3(4)=6+12=18.

Terms that have the same variables with the same exponents. Example: In 2x+3x+5, 2x and 3x are like terms.

Equivalent Expressions

Expressions that have the same value. Example: 2(x+3) and 2x+6 are equivalent expressions.

The vertical axis on a coordinate plane. Example: In the coordinate (3,5), the 5 represents the position on the y-axis.

The horizontal axis on a coordinate plane. Example: In the coordinate (3,5), the 3 represents the position on the x-axis.

A plane divided into four regions by the x-axis and y-axis, used to plot points. Example: The point (3,4) is plotted 3 steps right and 4 steps up from the origin.

A number on its own in an expression or equation. Example: In 3x+5=11, 5 is the constant.

Two numbers that are multiplied to give a specific number. Example: A factor pair of 12 is 3×4.

Math Vocabulary Flashcards

Student preview

72 questions

Show all answers

1.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Sum

Back

The answer to an addition problem. Example: The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.

2.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Difference

Back

The answer to a subtraction problem. Example: The difference between 10 and 6 is 4.

3.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Product

Back

The answer to a multiplication problem. Example: The product of 5 and 3 is 15.

4.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Quotient

Back

The answer to a division problem. Example: The quotient of 12 divided by 4 is 3.

5.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Factor

Back

A number that is multiplied in a multiplication sentence. Example: In 3×4=12, 3 and 4 are factors of 12.

6.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Multiple

Back

The product of a number and any whole number. Example: Multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20, etc.

7.

FLASHCARD QUESTION

Front

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

Back

The largest factor that two or more numbers have in common. Example: The GCF of 18 and 24 is 6.

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