DNA/RNA/Protein Synthesis

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into mRNA.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis and matches them to the codons in mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

Back

The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in RNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in RNA are adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.