Series and Parallel Circuits

A series circuit is a type of electrical circuit in which components are connected end-to-end, so that the current flows through each component sequentially.

A parallel circuit is a type of electrical circuit in which components are connected across common points or junctions, allowing multiple paths for the current to flow.

In a series circuit, when more appliances are added, each appliance receives less power because the total voltage is divided among all components.

The total resistance increases, which causes the overall current in the circuit to decrease.

In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each component remains the same as the source voltage.

Devices in a series circuit are either all ON or all OFF; if one device fails, the entire circuit is interrupted.

Devices in a parallel circuit can operate independently; if one device fails, the others can still function.

The total current in a parallel circuit is the sum of the currents through each branch.

The total resistance in a series circuit is the sum of the individual resistances: R_total = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...

The total resistance in a parallel circuit can be calculated using the formula: 1/R_total = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3 + ...