Bonding Review

Front

What makes ionic compounds brittle?

Back

Ionic compounds are brittle because the strong attractive forces hold the layers in relatively fixed positions.

Front

What is created by the equal but opposite charges in a polar molecule?

Back

A dipole is created by the equal but opposite charges present in the two regions of a polar molecule.

Front

Why are dipole-dipole forces considered more important than London dispersion forces in polar substances?

Back

Dipole-dipole forces are considered more important because the London dispersion forces are usually much weaker than the dipole-dipole forces.

Front

What type of bond is the B—F bond in BF₃, given the electronegativities of B (2.0) and F (4.0)?

Back

The B—F bond in BF₃ is ionic.

Front

What is the percentage ionic character and type of bond in Br₂, given the electronegativity of Br (2.8)?

Back

The percentage ionic character in Br₂ is 0%; it is a nonpolar covalent bond.

Front

Define ionic bond.

Back

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of charged ions that attract each other.

Front

What is a polar molecule?

Back

A polar molecule is a molecule that has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds, which arise from differences in electronegativity between the bonded atoms.

Front

Explain the concept of electronegativity.

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.

Front

What are London dispersion forces?

Back

London dispersion forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles created when electron distributions in atoms fluctuate.

Front

What is the difference between polar and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Back

Polar covalent bonds occur when electrons are shared unequally between atoms, while nonpolar covalent bonds occur when electrons are shared equally.