Intermolecular Forces

Front

What are intermolecular forces?

Back

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances.

Front

How do intermolecular forces affect boiling points?

Back

The weaker the intermolecular forces of a substance, the lower the boiling point. Stronger intermolecular forces result in higher boiling points.

Front

What type of intermolecular force is present in water?

Back

Water exhibits hydrogen bonding, which is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction.

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a type of attractive interaction between a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like O, N, or F) and another electronegative atom.

Front

What determines the polarity of a bond?

Back

The polarity of a bond is determined by the difference in the electronegativities of the two atoms involved in the bond.

Front

Which molecules exhibit hydrogen bonding?

Back

Molecules like water (H2O), ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen fluoride (HF) exhibit hydrogen bonding due to the presence of hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms.

Front

What are dispersion forces?

Back

Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules.

Front

What is dipole-dipole interaction?

Back

Dipole-dipole interactions are attractive forces between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.

Front

Why does water have a high boiling point compared to other molecular compounds?

Back

Water has a high boiling point due to the presence of hydrogen bonding, which requires more energy to break compared to other intermolecular forces.

Front

What is the relationship between molecular size and dispersion forces?

Back

Larger molecules have stronger dispersion forces due to increased polarizability, leading to higher boiling points.