DNA Structure, Replication, & Transcription

Front

What is the structure of a DNA molecule?

Back

A DNA molecule is structured as a double helix, consisting of two strands that wind around each other.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in the cell?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries information from genes in the DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the process called when an RNA copy of a DNA strand is made?

Back

The process is called transcription, which occurs in the cell nucleus.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand to 5'-ATGCCAT-3'?

Back

The complementary strand is 3'-TACGGTA-5'.

Front

What type of bond joins nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by hydrogen bonds.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the function of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA contains deoxyribose sugar and thymine, while RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA.

Front

What is the significance of the 5' and 3' ends of a DNA strand?

Back

The 5' and 3' ends indicate the directionality of the DNA strand, which is crucial for replication and transcription.